BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 06727039
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2022
• Document Release Date: May 4, 2018
• Case Number: F-2017-02097
• Publication Date: July 1, 1973

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BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK
JULY 1973
Supersedes the January 1973 issuance of this
Factbook, copies of which should be destroyed
rARCHIVAL RECORM
PLEASE H.5.1'irUllisr TO
'AGENCY 4,3�Ch.-NE3,
(b)(3)
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�3ECAEL
FOREWORD
The Basic Intelligence Factbook, a compilation of basic data
on political entities worldwide, is coordinated and published
semiannually as part of the MS Program by the Office of Basic
and Geographic Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency. The
data are prepared by Office of the Geographer, Department of
State and by components of the Defense Intelligence Agency
and the Central Intelligence Agency. Comments and suggestions
should be addressed to the Office of Basic and Geographic
Intelligence (Attn: NIS Factbook), Central Intelligence Agency,
Washington, D.C. 20505.
Additional copies of the Factbook, both classified and un-
classified issues, are obtainable through established channels for
dissemination of the NIS.
THIS MATERIAL CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING
THE NATIONAL DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES
WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE LAWS,
TITLE 18, USC, SECS. 793 AND 794, THE TRANSMISSION
OR REVELATION OF WHICH IN ANY MANNER TO AN
UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PROHIBITED BY LAW.
SEC!!
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WARNING
The NIS is National Intelligence and may not be re-
leased or shown to representatives of any foreign govern-
ment or international body except by specific authorization
of the Director of Central Intelligence in accordance with
the provisions of National Security Council Intelligence Di-
rective No. 1.
For NIS containing unclassified material, however, the
portions so marked may be made available for official pur-
poses to foreign nationals and nongovernment personnel
provided no attribution is made to National Intelligence or
the National Intelligence Survey.
Unless otherwise indicated, individual items
are UNCLASSIFIED/FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY.
Classification designations are:
(C) Confidential
(S) Secret
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-Atm.
Table of Contents
Page
SAN MARINO
383
SAUDI ARABIA
385
SENEGAL
387
SEYCHELLES
389
Sharjah (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
SIERRA LEONE
391
SIKKIM
393
SINGAPORE
395
SOMALIA
397
SOUTH AFRICA
399
Southern Rhodesia (see RHODESIA)
SOUTH-WEST AFRICA
403
SPAIN
405
SPANISH SAHARA
409
SRI LANKA
411
SUDAN
415
SURINAM
419
SWAZILAND
421
SWEDEN
423
SWITZERLAND
427
SYRIA
429
-T-
Tanganyika (see TANZANIA)
TANZANIA
431
Tasmania (see AUSTRALIA)
THAILAND
435
TOGO
439
TONGA
441
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
=
443
TUNISIA
445
TURKEY
447
-U-
UGANDA
451
Umm al Oaiwain (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
USSR
453
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: Abu Dhabi, 'Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah,
Ras al Khaimah, Sharjah, Um al Oaiwain
457
United Anal) Republic (see EGYPT)
UNITED KINGDOM
459
UNITED STATES
497
UPPER VOLTA
463
URUGUAY
465
-V-
VATICAN CITY
469
VENEZUELA
471
VIETNAM, NORTH
475
VIETNAM, SOUTH
479
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HIS 27 TURKEY
LAND:
296,000 sq. mi.; 34% cropland, 34% meadows and pastures,
23% forested, 9% unproductive
Land boundaries: 1,600 mi.
WATER:
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 n. mi.
except in Black Sea where it is 12 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 n. mi.)
Coastline: 4,475 mi.
PEOPLE:
Population: 38,198,000, average annual growth rate 2.6%
(10/65-10/70)
Ethnic divisions: 90% Turkish, 7% Kurd, 3% other
Religion: 99% Muslim (mostly Sunni), 1% other (mostly Christian and Jewish)
Language: Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic, English
Literacy: 55%
Labor force: 13.8 million; 68% agriculture, 16% Industry, 16% service;
substantial shortage of skilled labor; ample unskilled labor
Organized labor: 10% of labor force
GOVERNMENT:
Legal name: Republic of Turkey
Type: republic
Capital: Ankara
Political subdivisions: 67 provinces
Legal system: derived from various continental legal systems, with remnants of
Islamic law; constitution adopted 1961; judicial review of legislative acts
by Constitutional Court; legal education at Universities of Ankara and
Istanbul; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: President eletted by parliament; Prime Minister appointed by President
from members of parliament; Prime Minister is effective executive; cabinet,
selected by Prime Minister and approved by President, must command majority
support in lower house; parliament bicameral under constitution promulgated
in 1961; National Assembly has 450 members serving 4 years; Senate has
150 elected members, one-third elected every 2 years, 15 appointed by the
President to 6-year terms (one-third appointed every 2 years), and 18 life
members; highest court for ordinary criminal and civil cases is Court of
Cessation, which hears appeals directly from criminal, commercial, basic,
and peace courts
Government leaders: President Fahri Koruturk, Prime Minister Nairn Talu
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: National Assembly and Senate (1/3 of seats) (October 1973); Presidential
(1980)
Political parties and leaders: Justice Party (JP), Suleyman Demirel; Republican
People's Party (RPP), Bulent Ecevit; Democrat Party (DP), Ferruh Bozbeyli;
Republican Reliance Party (RRP), Turhan Feyzioglu; National Action Party
(NAP), Alparslan Turkes; Nation Party (NP), Osman Bolukbasi; Unity Party (UP),
Mustafa Timisi; Communist Party illegal
Communists: strength and support negligible
Other political or pressure groups: military forced resignation of Demirel
government in March 1971 and remains an influential' force in government
Member of: CENTO, Council of Europe. EC (associate member), ECOSOC, FAO, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC. IHB, ILO. IMCO, IMF. ITU, NATO. OECD, Regional
Cooperation for Development, Seabeds Committee (observer), U.N., UNESCO,
UPU, WHO, WMO
447
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ECONOMY:
GNP: $15.9 billion (1972), about $430 per capita; 9.2% average annual real
growth 1971
Agriculture: cotton, tobacco, cereals, sugar beets, figs, raisins, silk, olives,
fruits, nuts, opium, and livestock products; self-sufficient in food in
average years
Major industries: textiles, food processing, mining (coal, chromite, copper,
boron minerals), steel, petroleum
Crude steel: .68 million tons produced (1970), 20 kilograms per capita
Electric power: 2.8 million kw. capacity (1972); 11 billion kw.-hr. produced
(1972), 280 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $616.5 million (f.o.b., 1971); cotton, tobacco, fruits, nuts, metals,
livestock products
Imports: $1,171 million (c.i.f., 1971); machinery, transport equipment, metals,
mineral fuels, fertilizers, chemicals
Major trade partners: exports -- West Germany 19%, U.S. 10%, Switzerland 10%,
USSR 5%; imports -- West Germany 18%, U.S. 15%, U.K. 10%, Italy 10%
Aid: $390.5 million extended by Communist countries 1955-December 1971; none
extended in 1971; total U.S. economic, $2,727.9 million (1946-71); total
U.S. military $3,250.2 million (July 1946-June 1971); $603 million in aid
commitments from international 7n.9ies (1946-71); $657 million in bilateral
aid from other sources 1960-70
Monetary conversion rate: 14 Turkish liras=US$1 (official rate)
Fiscal year: 1 March - 28 February
COMMUNICATIONS:
Railroads: 4,991 mi.; 4,940 mi. 4'8 1/2" gage, 51 mi. double track; 45 mi.
electrified; 20 mi. 2'5 1/2" gage
Highways: 37,282 mi.; 13,049 mi. bituminous, 17,398 mi. gravel or crushed stone,
1,553 mi. improved earth, 5,282 mi. unimproved earth
Inland waterways: approx. 1.050 mi.
Pipelines: crude oil, 360 mi.; refined products, 1,340 mi.
Ports: 10 major, 35 minor
Merchant marine: 87 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 594,900 GRT, 826,600 Or;
includes 12 passenger, 52 cargo, 11 tanker, 10 bulk, 2 specialized carrier
Civil air: 22 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 123 total, 96 usable; 48 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with
runways over 12,000 ft., 19 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 22 with runways
4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: excellent international radiocommunication and fair domestic
telecommunication services; 654,500 telephones; 3.94 million radio and 133,000
TV receivers; 39 AM, 2 FM, and 7 TV stations
�
4
(b)(3)
DEFENSE FORCES:
Military manpower: males 15-49, 9,707,000; 5,730,000 fit for military service;
about 402,000 reach military age (20) annually
Personnell_nyi 400,000 navy 39,500, air force 54,600 (1,082 pilots), gendarmerie (b)(3)
75,000
Major ground units: 3 armies, 10 corps with corps troops, 13 infantry divisions,
2 mechanized divisions, 1 mechanized brigade, 1 armored division, 4 separate
armored brigades, 2 armored cavalry brigades, 4 infantry brigades, 1 border
regiment. 34 battalions (22 artillery, 11 border, 1 on Cyprus), and 1
airborne/commando brigade; army aviation companies with about 5 aircraft
each are assigned to each army, corps, and division (b)(3)
Ships: 13 destroyers. 12 submarines, 71 patrolrcraftl, 28 mine warfare, 60 � (b)(3)
amphibious craft; 40 auxiliary; 47 service
Aircraft: 1,252 including 437 (nonjet in army aviation, 15 (nonjet) in naval
air, 800 (605 jet) in air force (b)(3)
Missiles: 8 SAM squadrons (Nike Ajax/Hercules) j lu)lo)
Supply: mostly dependent on foreign sources, p;;-r-i- U.S., Canada. and West
Germany; manufactures some small arms, trucks and adequate quantities of i
ammunition; builds some of its naval ships (b)(3)
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DEFENSE FORCES (cont'd):
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 28 February 1974, $792.8 million; about
16% of central government budget
INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY:
National Intelligence Organization (MIT), including Turkish National Security
Service Directorate (TNSS), domestic/foreign; Turkish General Staff, J-2
Section, Intelligence Branch, domestic/foreign; Turkish National Police-
domestic; Ministry of Foreign Affairs, foreign; Gendarmerie, domestic
449
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