NATIONAL BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 06727041
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2022
• Document Release Date: May 4, 2018
• Case Number: F-2017-02097
• Publication Date: January 1, 1979

National
Foreign
Assessment
Center
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c2) (I (e L.
National
Basic Basic Intelligence
Factbook
January 1979
"Neeret_
GC 81F 79-001
January 1979
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NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION
Unauthorized Disclosure Subject to Criminal Sanctions
DISSEMINATION CONTROL ABBREVIATIONS
NOFORN� Not Releasable to Foreign Nationals
NOCONTRACT� Not Releasable to Contractors or
Contractor/Consultants
PROPIN� Caution�Proprietary Information Involved
NFIBONLY� NFIB Departments Only
ORCON� Dissemination and Extraction of Information
Controlled by Originator
REL This Information has been Authorized for
Release to...
Unless otherwise indicated, individual items are
�01qtt,k55.1�1FED.--
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National Basic Intelligence
FACTBOOK
January 1979
Supersedes the July 1978 issuance of this
Factbook, copies of which should be destroyed.
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FOREWORD
The National Basic Intelligence Factbook, a compilation of basic data
on political entities worldwide, is coordinated and published semiannually
by the Central Intelligence Agency. The data are prepared by components
of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, and
the Department of State. Comments and suggestions should be addressed to
the Office of Geographic and Cartographic Research (Att: Factbook),
Central Intelligence Agency, Washington, D.C. 20505.
This publication is prepared for the use of U.S. Government officials.
The format, coverage and contents of the publication are designed to meet
the specific requirements of those users. U.S. Government officials may
obtain additional copies of this document directly or through liaison
channels from the Central Intelligence Agency.
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Page
�T�
TANZANIA 244
Tasmania (see AUSTRALIA)
THAILAND 245
TOGO 247
TONGA 248
Transkei (see SOUTH AFRICA)
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 249
TUNISIA 251
TURKEY 252
TUVALU (formerly Ellice Islands) 254
�U�
UGANDA 255
Umm al Qaiwain (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
U.S.S.R. 256
UNITED ARA� EMIRATES: Abu Dhabi, `Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah,
Ras al Khaimah, Sharjah, Umm al Qaiwain 259
United Arab Republic (see EGYPT)
UNITED KINGDOM 260
UNITED STATES 280
UPPER VOLTA 262
URUGUAY 263
�V�
VATICAN CITY 265
VENEZUELA 266
VIETNAM 268
WALLIS and FUTUNA 270
Walvis Bay (see SOUTH AFRICA)
WESTERN SAHARA (formerly Spanish Sahara) 270
WESTERN SAMOA 271
_y_
YEMEN (Aden) 272
YEMEN (Sofa) 273
YUGOSLAVIA 275
�Z�
ZAIRE 277
ZAMBIA 278
Zanzibar (see TANZANIA)
January 1979
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NR Record
January 1979
TURKEY
NR Record
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TURKEY
ger rdvence top VI
LAND
766,640 km2; 35% cropland, 25% meadows and pastures,
23% forested, 17% other
Land boundaries: 2,574 km
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January 1979
TURKEY
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 nm except in
Black Sea where it is 12 nm (fishing 12 nm)
Coastline: 7,200 km
PEOPLE
Population: 43,767,000 (January 1979), average annual
growth rate 2.6% (current)
Nationality: noun�Turk(s); adjective�Turkish
Ethnic divisions: 90% Turkish, 7% Kurd, 3% other
Religion: 99% Muslim (mostly Sunni), 1% other (mostly
Christian and Jewish)
Language: Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic
Literacy: 55%
Labor force: 16.4 million; 61% agriculture, 13% industry,
25% service; substantial shortage of skilled labor; ample
unskilled labor (1978)
Organized labor: 12% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Turkey
Type: republic
Capital: Ankara
Political subdivisions: 67 provinces
Legal system: derived from various continental legal
systems; constitution adopted 1961; judicial review of
legislative acts by Constitutional Court; legal education at
Universities of Ankara and Istanbul; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations
National holiday: Republic Day, 29 October
Branches: President elected by parliament; Prime Minis-
ter appointed by President from members of parliament;
Prime Minister is effective executive; cabinet, selected by
Prime Minister and approved by President, must command
majority support in lower house; parliament bicameral
under constitution promulgated in 1961; National Assembly
has 450 members serving 4 years; Senate has 150 elected
members, one-third elected every 2 years, 15 appointed by
the President to 6-year terms (one-third appointed every 2
years), and 19 life members; highest court for ordinary
criminal and civil cases is Court of Cassation, which hears
appeals directly from criminal, commercial, basic, and peace
courts
Government leaders: President Fahri Koruturk; Prime
Minister Bulent Ecevit
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: National Assembly and Senate (1/3 of seats),
Republican People's Party won a plurality in June 1977;
Presidential (1980)
Political parties and leaders: Justice Party (JP),
Suleyman Demirel; Republican People's Party (RPP), Bulent
Ecevit; National Salvation Party (NSP), Necmettin Erbakan;
Democratic Party (DP), Ferruh Rozbeyli; Republican
Reliance Party (RRP), Turhan Fcyzioglu; Nationalist Action
Party (NAP), Alpaslan Turkes; Unity Party (UP), Mustafa
Timisi; Communist Party illegal
Communists: strength and support negligible
Other political or pressure groups: military forced
resignation of Demirel government in March 1971 and
remains an influential force in national affairs
Member of: ASSIMER, CENTO, Council of Europe, EC
(associate member), ECOSOC, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAC, ICAO, IDA, lEA, IFC, 1110, ILO, IMCO, IMF,
IO0C, IPU, ITC, ITU, NATO, OECD, Regional Coopera-
tion for Development, U. N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WSG, WTO
ECONOMY
GNP: $45.0 billion (1977), $1,070 per capita; 3.8% real
growth 1977, 7%-8% average annual real growth 1970-76
Agriculture: main products�cotton, tobacco, cereals,
sugar beets, fruits, nuts, and livestock products; self-suffi-
cient in food in average years
Major industries: textiles, food processing, mining (coal,
chromitc, copper, boron minerals), steel, petroleum
Crude steel: 1.9 million tons produced (1976), 45 kg per
capita
Electric power: 5,000,000 kW capacity (1977); 22.0
billion kWh produced (1977), 510 kWh per capita
Exports: $2,671 million (f.o.b., 1977); cotton, tobacco,
fruits, nuts, metals, livestock products, textiles and clothing
Imports: $6,999 million (f.o.b., 1977); crude oil, machin-
ery, transport equipment, metals, mineral fuels, fertilizers,
chemicals
Major trade partners: 22% West Germany, 9% U.S., 9%
Iraq, 7% U.K., 7% Italy (1976)
Aid: economic authorizations: U.S., $512 million (FY70-
77); other Western (ODA and 00F), $1,575 million (1971-
77); Communist, $808 million (1970-77); OPEC, ODA,
$1,553 million (1974-76); military authorizations: U.S.,
$1,289 million (FY70-77)
Budget: (FY77) revenues $11.2 billion, expenditures $12.2
billion, deficit $1.01 billion
Monetary conversion rate: 25.25 Turkish liras=US$1
(July 1978)
Fiscal year: 1 March-28 February
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 8,253 km standard gage (1.435 m); 143 km
double track; 72 km electrified
Highways: 60,000 km total; 21,000 km bituminous;
28,000 km gravel or crushed stone; 2,500 km improved
earth; 8,500 km unimproved earth
Inland waterways: approx. 1,689 km
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TURKEY
Pipelines: 1,288 km crude oil; 2,055 km refined products
Ports: 10 major, 35 minor
Merchant marine: 162 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
1,206,000 CRT, 1,850,600 DWT; includes 14 passenger, 95
cargo, 1 liquefied gas, 22 tanker, 21 hulk, 7 specialized
carrier, 2 roll-on/roll-off cargo
Civil air 24 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 120 total, 101 usable; 58 with permanent-sur-
face runways; 3 with runways over 3,660 m, 23 with
runways 2,440-3,659 m, 22 with runways 1,220-2,419 in
Telecommunications: new trunk domestic radio-relay
net, good international service; 1.1 million telephones (2.7
Der 100 pool.); 40 AM, 4 FM, and 16 TV stations; 1 coaxial
submarine cable; COMSAT station near completion
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: Males 15-49, 9,786,000; 5,778,000 fit
for military service; about 410,000 reach military age (20)
annually
Personnel: 480,000 army, 45,400 navy, 53,000 air force
(970 pilots), 100,000 gendarmerie
Major ground units: 4 armies, 10 corps with corps troops,
IS infantry divisions, 2 mechanized divisions, 6 separate
armored brigades, 4 mechanized infantry brigades, 6
infantry brigades, 1 airborne brigade, I commando brigade,
3 mobile gendarmerie brigades, 2 regiments (I infantry, 1
armored), 33 battalions (22 artillery, 11 border); each field
army has I aviation regiment assigned and each corps has I
aviation battalion
Ships: 12 destroyers, 2 frigates, 13 submarines, 45 patrol
craft, 32 mine warfare, 5 amphibious ships, 74 amphibious
craft, 35 auxiliary, 55 service
Aircraft: 1,159 (464 jet); 647 (464 jet) in air force, 493 in
army aviation, 19 in naval air
Missiles: 8 SAM squadrons (Nike Hercules with 72
launchers)
Supply: mostly dependent on foreign sources, primarily
U.S., Canada, and West Germany; manufactures some small
arms, trucks and adequate quantities of ammunition; builds
some of its naval ships including submarines with technical
and material assistance
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 28 February 1979,
$2.3 billion; about 20.7% of proposed central government
budget
INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY
Turkish National Intelligence Organization (TN10), in-
cluding Turkish National Security Service Directorate
(rNs.$), domestic; Foreign Collection Directorate (FCD),
foreign; and Intelligence Directorate, Turkish General Staff
(J-2), domestic/foreign; Turkish National Police, domestic;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, foreign; Gendarmerie, Intelli-
gence Section, domestic
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January 1979 NR Record
NR Record
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