OSS - CORRESPONDENCE REGARDING FAR EASTERN AFFAIRS, 1943

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: OSS Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 197
• Document Creation Date: November 3, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 27, 2013
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 2, 1941
• Content Type: MISC

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iii2/1011A1C011
EUBZ3OT: Assloutims TO TM YA2
In conneotion with as temente to the
Par East, it might be advicable to pontos%
the International Barvfirster Company. the
International Telephone & Telegraph Company
and the American oil oompaniss operating th rev
There are, however, no American oil man now
In Vladivostok*
The IT. & T. bad a very high-class
man for many years in J'apan and the Phillipisesw
but Zahn Wiley does not remember his name*
We could get it through Colonel Sosthenss Baba*
The I.T. & T. also had mnd probably still
has in its employ an ex-Foreign Service otti0er
named Oharlps Russell, who has certain ability.
Wiley knows him and thinks that he would be
good for eertain purposes in any area eaulrolle&
by the British He is an OId School Tie typo,
but is not tough enough for general ocintast work,
..1011,1,"441,
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2.?01
;
Nevesober 17, 1941
Ur, George Atcheson, Jr,
Division of Par Eastern Affairs
Department of State
Washington, D. C.
ly dear ar. Atchesons
Thank ma for your letter of
November 15 and for sending me a copy
of the review prepared by the Division
of Far Eastern Affairs an the situation
in the Par East, covering the weekly
period ending Uovlsabor 13, 1941*
Sincerely,
MtCC
William 3. Donovan
to*
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Atifmke I breICIALcommurocA-ttnometo
11116 0111CRICIANY O fAilt
WIOMMMK,MC
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WASHINGTON
In reply refer to
FE
Nov:mt,. 1-
NOV 17
?
CONFIDEhTIAL
My dear Colonel Donovan:
By direction of the Secretary of State, I take
pleasure in sending to you, for your strictly confiden-
tial information, a co )y of a review prepared by the
Division of Far Eastern Affairs for the Secretary in
regard to the situation in the Tarast for the weeicay
period ending November 13, 1941.
Sincerely yours,
George Acheson, Jr.
Assistant Chief
Division of Far Eastern Affairs
Enclosure:
Colonel William T. Donovan,
Coordinator of Information,
Apex Building,
Washington, D.C.
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November VI, 14t
OfFIDENTIAL
Mr. Secretary
The Situatio in the Far Eaet
fenera ummari,
Announcement was made on November 7 that this
Government was "giving consideration to the question" or
withdrawing American marine detachments from China
0/1140
announcement which the Japanese press interpreted as
preparation by the United States for a possible further
deterioration in relations with Japan.
Saburo Kurusu, whose journey to the United States
was deseriLed by a Japanese Government spokesman as a
token of "Japan's earnest desire to come to a conclusion
in the Washington negotiations", was expected to arrive
by Clipper at San Francisco on November 15. Japanese
comment on Mr. Kurusuts journey had a note of anxiety,
little hope being held out that he would be able to ob-
tain what Japan wanted. Japanese pessimism in this respect
was seemingly increased by recent developments including
the announcement with regard to the possible withdrawal
of Americen marines from China, the announcement of a
billion
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billion dollar Lend-Lease loan by the United $teloa te
the 11.3.0.11., and statements by the President, the Under
5eoretary of State and the Seerelary of the Navy &Mims
forth this Geverrmontes attitude towards Japanese 001S01041
in the Far Xaa*. 2120 Britiak Prime Uialoterof stateliest
of November 10 that In owe of an AsteriSsals/apaaaire war
a British deotaratioa of war agalnst Jap* would fellow
"within She hour' was isbarsotorisod by the Japanese prams
as a dire* t ohallenge to Japan and an attes,4 I* use the
Japanose-Amorioan convorsations for British ends
The Japanese 4oversiment protosted against the ems-
aellation on Ootober 29 in PAMAIIM under a law emoted
some months ago of all business permits held by Japanese
residonts.m.a step whish Japan purpartodly regarded as
having been taken by Panama at the instance of the United
States. The ahanghal Munielpal Council In coeperatica
with tho authorities of the Yreaeh ?omission astablinbed
maximum wholesale and retail prises for imporiel rise is
a move to allay wide-spread pubis unrest.
Reports from Hanoi indioated that Japanese forces is
Frenoh Indochina were believed to Seta approximately
51,00G of which 31,000 were in the south and 20,000 in Tem-
king. There were reports of oonlinuod Japanssa troop movow
mints in Manohuria and of unusual Japanese troop oonoontra-
%ions in Torsos*.
v.+ ? .11./Z 11-17.1
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vuom
blatiMaKaieSaiilL4a-Sajalis
Anftouneasest w's made et it
ite %me* a*
OA% this Government WAS filming oemaideVitiois too tOs
%Loa of vithdravel of the Amerteen marine 4sitmehmesim sew
at
maintained ashore in ObinsA/Peiviet, Tioatst4 *ad rhotchat
ao ottleiml explimetion ot tb, annoseoement wee vim. VW
Ju ?noo* press ter 40* soot part Latierpreted VtftsamMOisom
merit Ad cr*otrmtion by U. united Itictes *gaset the regmselofr
Wit,. of 4 turtiter detarlorotiou in JeleassewAmotrie*n 'mum
tIons mld 418 warning to Javiin at the 141*A444W4144411 ilkSty
Po follow 0 rettbar* or nr. Kurustais journey.
?ltajaaatiliftaajurjagawzglajjagia?
salouro KUM*Usi who** journey tiros Cesar:114*A 4 4
flit** r:Jovernment spoksamatl fis a token of Jai'S bowel
desiris %o cowl) to a ;mac) unloz In Viv 'tatelln1oo nompottiom
tionol, loqu oa rout? to the UnItml ltlt*s by eltproor tirt010
a two.oday delay. at Xidve4,1 islw.40 duo to ongline tiquble an4
unfavorable weatIlor, ie wle orpeoted to romoh 54:1 Vresstifte
!ovomber 15? nr. Kurusu wels reported to hay* in410444,4
trill; h. folt Cut there was *not atteh h*ple for Ills suoseso
0: hlt missies* end it tole understood that he felt that his
w4ul4 bo unable to otter the Irnited Otetes imfftelent mom
oessi4ss.
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Resent clevelopm nts af
tion seemingly had t digoour
whieh the Japanese Governmett or
shm Far gesters 0 100000
fres% upon mnY
-erple say hi** hald Shot
this Government's position with regard to %hi tor Itastern
situation might 'be eisliLy *edified* Mese devole'miets
inoludedt (1) the announooment by the krosident eft
November vith regard to a peeeible withdrawal ef the
Amorieen marines from China; (2) the mamommeement es
flovember 6 of a billion dollar nris? kaae loan by the
,3nited utptes to tho U0.3.R.; (3) statements by reevensim,
be Ameriopin officials (among than tho President, the ttimiar
leoristary of Ttate and the 34teretary of Atbe Navy) indiest."
ie of this 4:ov-rn1entla attitude toward Japans* oolisios
in the Par Tr.ast; (4) the British Prime Master e
meat on November 10 that if the United .1tatae ipow
oome involved in war with Japan *a British deslaratios
would follow within the hour'; and (6) a atatonest rod-
ported to he been made by the Chinese Government
spaseman that the United States, Great iritaino Chisft
and the NetherlanCe had reaohed an agreement with regard
to Japan's next move in the ?seine*.
?hero was * note of anxiety in Japanese oesment on
the tumeu journey, little hop* 'being held out that
Mr. Xurtem would be able Ss obtain what Jspan wanted. The
Jammu,
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Japanese prole telich hld u1tu In
ceased its criticism of Amerloan rep
ek Le11
son volley row
sumed its 'atm* with renewistA intonaity following Mr. Obessollto,
ill's statement just referred to. The Jrapaness own. wets*
described sie burning with anger? qt this! qteteeent *hieth
was regarded as * direct ohallenge to J.Ipin an4 en indis4.
tion of closer Amerioaniwbritish oollohoration. The Jay*
nes* press stated that the Britieh kris. 1111.141tor wn* seek
Ing to use the Jtapenese-Amerloan eonversation* for .1sitlish
ends. A Japanese journalist mddroesed a eudt?e at
Tokyo on Vovember 11 and seeordinz to the Jarnaese press
poured "fire and brimstone on he mttitudo of the U4Itisit
tate s toward Jayrin", asserting thAt the obstacles In the
path of Japanese-tmerican oonversations 1oy In the Luis/tense
of the United tates upon a return to coAditIons vrevallind
before the ?Manohurian affair?,
Thre4os iALAARAfteialM44101AI1IAU
According to a statement issued by the Javanese Foreign
uffloe on November 8, thc Ja)anese Unister -t anama was
notified on october 28 that all businose permits hold by
Japanese residents in Fenian would be eaneelled on Oat.
ber 29. (This action was apparen%ly taken under a law of
kanams prohibiting members of a race not permitted to lmm,
migrate to Pana,* from ongaging in business there.) The
Foreign
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Foreign Offioa's statement aess
% Jispen
sake of all siatio peoples* eocld fart remain A 1
to this measure. The statement also Am4leated t 4
regarded the measure as having bees adopted b *mama at
the instanoe of the Untied states la order i8 remove Jspei*
nese residents from areas sear the fume* 04041,
Four. Ingamajoimumma jwitasuiljuilaw
V $
=ale
The Jecretary of the Treasury cm November 12 ann unsold
the putting into effect of important amendments to ge040411
lioenses controlling trade between the United States Juba
China and remittanses from the United States to Chill*.
These *hang.* were worked out in eollabaratica with the
Chinese Government and with the British Government (which
expeotsto put into effect shortly a similar arran(emeat
governing trade and remittances between China aad the
British Empire) and they have as their objeot the strength'.
ening of the foreign exchange positiea of China *ad the
enabling of China te examine effective eme)amge *entre'
not only in "free* China but in the oseepied areas. Under
the new arrangement all %rade between the United States am4
Chin* must be eleared through the Atobilisattos 14.0114, if
:t?
China, or through approved, 000perating banks* Emporia
,
fres
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from China to the United alleles may not sntor %
United !Agit*, oustoms unless, there ii evidence $rst Ie
exchange aooruing from such exports hes been made avAtlakisc
to appointed banks in China, and no exports destined for
China may be 'blared through the Umitod States eeetemos
unless there is evidenee that the importation Into Chime
is being financed through foreign ex.haswe obtained fres
an appointed bank,
Five, Lusuumarikjallanatiao
Under the authority of a 'bylaw reeently *proved
by the Consular Body in 3hanghai, the Shanghai gumioipal
Council; in ooperation with the autNorities of the Premab
Concession, established on November 10 maximum wholesale
and retail prices for imported ries in a move to sheek
extensive profiteering and hoarding of rice and to allay
widespread public unrest. The maximum amount vhieh eon-
sumers are to be permitted to buy will be fixed periodieally
by the Council. This move snowed some initial success
as prices of rice and wheat flours registered immediately
substantial doelines. However, prices of other staple
commodities rose the following day due, acoording to the
Consulate General at Shanghai, to the tkeptielem on the
part of hoarder* and operators of the ultimate smogs of
the Tontrol measures,
*OW
Six.
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The Amorisan Ambassador al fety. reWortiod ***AIM*
Nor 12 that the reolpripeal arrantsment *deb hail :as. NshielP
negotiation for three months end to *tie* tobis acmvarnmesse
has agreed, providing for the release of rued* for 11100100,-0
sent of the expenses of Amerisign offleisl pmreclost sot
establishments in Japan and for the expenses of JepamoSo atm
fiats' personnel ant establishments in tb.* United Stat.*,
was satiefaatory to Japan. On Novelber 11 a moral lime's*
whish would permit the handling of math transaotieme tor
Anerloan official personnel and establishments in Japes woe
Issued to the National City bank ef New York in Tay., Co
November 11 also a general unfreezing orter whisks womit per?p
mit Amerlean offieial establishments in Japan to roosiwe
suoh funds was published in the 011 Lai gazette in itsele.
Seven.
Assorting to a press despot/oh him Phoenix Arius's,
the first sentiment of young Chins** 'elation *stets Mint
to the United States for instrmetion arrived there as lien*.
*Ober 4.
Night, lijallingsLarammggivalainasjalgLikaga
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The Am riean Consul Oomeral at Magee*
the Japanese vessel Aaiun, whteh ealle4 at
November 9 in route to Japan, had on 1004r4 Japes * sell
from India and other nritish territory in the ?at
that it took on board forty Japan*** astioaals al
According to a press dispatch from Tokyo five hundrod JOIsom
nose nntionels left the Philippi** Islands tor Japes se
November S. 1500 Japanese loft Lanvin leveiber 10
Nine. Militia.laultaawAnAllac.
American oonsular ?Motors in Manohuria ropertod
continued but not large-audio Japanese troop movements
and further development of Japans** Waiter/ establishments and supply depots at Harbin. Extensive reeosnalsassoe
operations by Japanese patrols alone the eastern border
of Manchuria were reported but this Imports were not oat.-
firmed. There was likewise no oonfirmation of a report
from a foreign official source of troop novements from
Dairen northward on November 2.
Acoording to Japanese reports in Haakow, Japanese
foroes conoentrated in the Singyang area la Southern
Hcnan, struok northward along the PelpingfoNankow Railway
and occupied Ohsayang and Jusan, Moan Proviso*.
Ton. imulli.manalcalitai.laltamil,
The Vie* Consul in 'crofts& reports& that unusual
numbers
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eWY:
10ft
numbers of Japanese troeps were being 1611 e MOIL
that extensive unitary treiniag aeliviSiee %Wag
earned out.
Japan's epeeist ambasemder So ?rowel' Isideehlme
Xenklohl Yoshisawa, arrived at Raul em Itevecher it Was
about eighty members of his miselea. IFItSy additlemal
members of the Tokeyama Speelat roomeate Mules else
resealed Hanoi at the same time.
The Consul at Hanel reported on Nevember 9 that
aeoording to estimates from military eemrees Japanese
forees in Indoohina totaled approxinately 610000 of *deb
310000 were in the south amd 10,000 in Teskimg,
The Amerloan Consul at Kumla, reported on November 3
that aoserding to riellable reports the Chimes* military
authorities in UMW were seriously oeseerned over the
possibility of a Japanese attaek against their Proviso*
from Indoehina; that Central Goverment troops were being
sent to the Somtheastern border Mad that 601011411 H. naltnoidal
Xialater of war, hAd, again gone to Yuman. Aeolordimg to
a report of November 10 from the Consul Guava at Monsios
military and other authorities there believed that the
Japanese would make a move OR Moaning from Imdeohlma with
a view to rutting the Surma ROM but that at least We
menthe
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141
months would Its rqutrs4 to prepare for otwith es atladik
The Amerisan Consul at Hanel os Novoliber 4 repee$04
that resent asyslopssato had giros otrsagth to his sm.
platten that the :aparmtio sight NO. sive* publish,
to %hair requite% for quarters for 40,000 *r.. tat
In ordsr to (moats as impresoisa that a Japan**, sal**
against China fros In4oshlaa was soatemplallodi while My
Japanese in famt were plaaniag aslIvIties thm *yeti%
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FIbAL REPORT OF MAD ANEgL WtRtA TO COWS
WILLIAM J. DONOVAN$ COORrINATOT or INVOWTaNt
CONCERNING A MISSION TO THE FAR Kg* IN VW,
AUTUMN OF 1941.
With the permission of Colonel F ank X11074, ,ectrlz;,,,
tary of the Navy and owner of 20 CijLyLN
ai
I severed my connection with that newsrtv for A
period of three month, and started prPparingiy
for a trip to the Far East, It landerstood
although furnished with credentials frm tht Matta
States Government, I WAS to show these only Mn'wTMes-
sary and pass currently as a newspaper corres-T)orideb
In the course of my travel I divuiged my character as
Colonel Donovan's representative to only about a half
dozen persons, exclusively British and Amer...can, some
of whom, like British Minister Duff Cooper, had heard
of my trip in advance and premised cooperation
1. Before leaving this country, as previously
reported, I went for one day to New York in order to
make essential contact with the Netherland's Publicity
people and to do some re9earch in the Woodrow Wilson
Library. In addition, I read several books, mostly at
the recommendation of Mr. Carter of the Institute of
Pacific Relations, and provided myself with the best
available maps.
I planned to take a Clipper from San Francisco
September 9. But though I left Washington September 7,
due to circumstances beyond my control I did not get
away from San Francisco until September 20, and actually
reached Manila only on October 2. As I cleared nanila
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ii
for the United Stttts on thq homoWard night ffoloftbqr
the actual period of my stay ln the Filr Egst 1/Tga$ Plat
six weeks.
2 Although curious as to the detail oflach of
the places I visited, I tried always to se;:l indlvidual
cities and countries as part or a single whole - the
Far East Potential War Area or the R gion of Japanese
Menace, a vast section of the globe stretchig from
Kamchatka in the north to the southern tip of kastra iv
and from Pearl Harbor in the eant to Burma In the west
now could even this delimitation necessarl be con-
sidered water tight, for Burma impinges on India and
the British Indian command of General Wavell has auth-
ye a
ority over Persia c,n6
hand to Russia
one theater of
may well be compelled to
as far away as the Caucasus. The way
operations, actual or potential, now
follows one another, right around the worlal is a
striking corroboration of the old Geneva dictum that,
in the present era, aggression is indeed nindivisible.
3. In the course of my travels in the Far East,
I visited the following places: Manila (going and
coming), Singapore (twice), Batavia, Surabaya, and
Bandoeng in Java, Bangkok, Rangoon and Toungoo in Burma,
Kunming and Chungking in China, and Hongkong.
Mytasks as I understood them, were: to visit and
size up the countries of Southeastern Asia, both in
detail and as a whole; to reach some opinion as to the
most advantageous setup there for the Coordinator of
Information; to look into the need for and possibilities
of the dissemination of American information in the
several countries visited; finally, on the basis of
everything else, to set down any conclusion reached as
to Japanese intentions and possibilities in the near
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?
?
future. The last three poLnts hAve been cov ed. la
neparate momorandm. Here I shall confine- Aiwelf to
account of what I did, heard, Aild gAito
4. Leaving Manila to bo dlaussed towlr Me end
of this report, I shall begin with Singapore* Theco
I had hoped to come into immediate contact with Xre
Duff Cooper, and to benefit by the promlsed cooperRtion
with him, as his task in a large way was simil r to
mine in a small way. But when I reached Singapore October
I found that Duff Cooper had gone on a visLt to India
and, therefore, determined to spend 50310 of tilt tIrge
he would be away in visiting Java and to return only
in time to meet him. Accordingly, I stayed in Singapore
from October 4 to October 10 and again from October 19
to October 24. My first preoccupation was to make
contact with the various British Propaganda Agencies
with headquarters in that city. In the absence of Mr.
Duff Cooper I made contact with Sir George Sansom, head
of the so-called Organization X, which works in tha area
as part, or rather under cover, of the British liniztry
of Economic Warfare. Sir George ts a great specialist
on Japan and a high power intelligence. In 1940 he was
attached to the British Embassy in Tokio and was one
of those British Officials who after the French collapse
in the debacle at Dunkerque, lived with packed suitcases,
expecting at any moment to receive from the Japanese
Government an ultimatum for Britain to turn over its
entire Far Eastern possessions to Japan or else! At
that time Sir George thinks the Japs would have had
little or no difficulty in seizing all of the British
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1
Sir (oOrgo's views on tho Jn pnnii Itu t.in.frAr nL Pr
secti4n of this.)
:from Cdr (4iorge 1 obtained n des,crIptIon, of the
Britihrpecret Propaganda !atup in the Tar Erv.7t In-
cludoe 4s nn onnex to a spacial memornndum. Thrugh
him I also came ln contact with Valentino
head Cr the normal ost,ablishment of the British Ministry
of EcCnOmic Warfare. Associated with Mt. Killevy is
Mr. Gelvin, an AmArallan economic export whose views
on Javan were helpful to mo in formitv my own opinion.
Sir Gorge's immeclite assistant is Mr. G. E. Sayrs.
From tro R. H. Scott, representative of tho British
Ministry of Information in. the Far East, I ottained two
memor4nda concerning the operations of his department
in th( area and the prospects for American ru,do propa-
ganda, as he sees them.
Tuff Cooper's chief tasks in Singapore were appar-
ently two: first, to coordinate' available information
and tte diffusion of proga6anda;isecona, to bring about
a simIlificatJon of the military administration in the]
regiar. Duff told me that on October 2 he wired to
Lond(x a recommendation advising, tioat something be setup
in Sirgapore on the lines of the Political War Executive
in LotdOn, with the Ministry of information; the Ministry
of Ecnomic Warfare ana-the Foreign Office r6presented,
an0 Outch pofionovionA In thtt, oron, Fr), ,Ptt'Attmitth. Aro
defence might bawl hotlin'mfrdo, thn propAr mno rPyr
dornso vmre Patroly inckink:e Inqn(1, AS Olt
the ji 'r 1red thp ho; t nnd now will n4ver ohtAin
Ovon ty the hardest rfthttnp, what thmy might thom
had rOr littic. more that. An uttimntum. (t ht ti r$771,,t7
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to ta,:e full ()barge of what hn an lg nn I Lent
warfme411 Up to October 20, the lAte (:'. our eorvirotgetten
he had had no answer from London. He intenrIod eft-
pletinr his visit to India and Burma by vigits to
Australia nnd Hongkong. Then., having inaoacted q11 the
Important places in the area, he wanted to serd hig
final report or himself take his report to t4ndrm.
Sir Cloorve .?,aneom, Mr. Valentiniq KilLe!-y, Ind
Mr. R. H. Scott, all promised to welcome rgprPsenttives
of the American Cooreinator of information LrIA to
them the fullest possible cooperation,
5. For deronso purposes, the Straits g ttImment
with Singapore, the Malay States both federated lnd un-
fe.derated, Burma and Honvkong as well, are eonotlered
by the British to form one unit. For the moment,
shall confine myself to Singapore and the MalAy States
an consider the state of the defenses up to October 24.
On this point I consulted Colonel Brink, American Army
observer; Commander Creighton of the American Navy; the
American Consul General, Mr. Patton; several American
aviator instructors; three rrominent American nos-
paper men; the Chief British Army Commanders and the
Intellectual Warfare people mentioned above: several
Australian soldiers and newspaper men; a representative
of the Free French; Mr. Guy Wind, a traveling British
agent attached to the British Embassy in Chungking, but
actually on constant mission throughout the entire area;
I paid two visits to the great Naval Base at Singapore;
had a long talk with the Commander-In-Chief China
Station Vice-Admiral Sir Geoffrey Layton and was twice
the guest of Rear Admiral 3. A. Spooner, actual Commander
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of the Britigh Iavtlestablighmentg Milt ,4r,.11(0-01
what I 'gathered, military preparatimittiiirt, grld:Aroom
EIingapore were far more tavanced thtlItheYWert, * 0004,,
nonths ago and were making continUal progre3#0
ipoonor arrived from Great Britain tliktt
part in actuzl fighting only last stImmer# btxt broUght
vith him a sense of 1gency that had been laCkitg in
this region. Since he came, things around the NaVal
3evertd British capital ships would begin to, arrive$
the btse would be in a poaition to furnish all needed
Base, had, I was told, begun to hum Admiral Spooner
himself said that by January if not earlier, when
suvort.
Cingapore itself is defended primarily by the
force, with long-range coastal defense guns and. Army
gunners from Great Britain. Once a sufficient, powerful
:
s
111 shoult be practically ;invulnerable. Even Commander
squadron is stationed in the area, the sea approches
a
11 Creigiton, American Naval observer, who is somewhat of
that things were "very much better.? Contiguous to
an isolationist and fears a war with Japan, admitted
Singapore Island is the province of Johore, whose de-
fenss are largely in charge of an Australian division
I/ of some eighteen thousand men under Mao 7:- General Gordon
11 l
Bennitt. Like many AustraliansIthis genera134ssomewbat
contwtuous.of the British, whom he thinksoft,and
lackng in initiative. According to CoIoneI*Britkl Am-
1 eric n Army observer, who has personally inspected,
the Aritish land defenses in the entire Malay peninsula,
,1 the .%ustralians were really doing a splendid job.
Striped to the waist and burned black as Malays (except
,
11 4
4.
?4,,,,, ,..?_ ,
4
.r
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('ES1
only those few blondes to Whom a opi( 1 itUt
aevor 'wan anything but blisters), tho
hacked their defenses out of the jungl* 1,A4K 0,10tOtlit,
had kept away some of the inevitable bOrOdomit rtty*
all the Australian camps and areas WAS rising a :tingle
cry, uGive us war or give us women,? Th* authorltiel
were doing their best for them by granting trtquott
home leave though Australia is. some three thousand
miles distance.
Incidentally, the Australians fool and conduct
themselves as the fighting cocks of the district* T.
some extent they are undaubtedlylistified. Their high
morale and their obvious will to, war contrast strikingly
with the indifference and narrow selfishness of many
of the British inhabitants of Singapore, noticeably the,
rich tin and rubber magnates, but it was, reported that,
on one occasion the Australians over-reached themselves.
A party of them picked a quarrel with some Argyll
Highlunders, from one of the four British regular bat-
talions in garrison, and were severely thrashed.
Nothing did more to raise British prestige.
An. Australian air field on the Island of Singapore
itself which I visited seemed to me a model of fore-
sight and efficiency. The planes were exclusively Amert-
can.
The military situation of Singapore and Malaya is
somevaat as follows: 1. Malaya dominates almost all,
the trade routes between Europe, South Africa, and the
Middle East on one side and Australia and the,Far East
on tLe other. 2. Malaya is a vital link between:the
air commissions in the single area. -3.:Malaya,ist1e
only prepared base for protecting the sea and air.comr-
munications. 4. Malaya is essential to the
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defense of India, BUrtia, the NetheViA414*Igtigt
And Australia . I bhe RVto the' terttiitir tat Utte?
as fur north as Shanghai. 6. Is a Iegdatit'gftrde e
rubber and tin essential to tht UnitOd- atato-, rite la
the proper starting point (with Manilel ft.)
recovery of :Endo China and occupied Chita. MIX anaVsit
I obtained largely from Colonel BrinX, 4bd found
entirely acceptable).
Malaya and Singapoe seem a :natural fortres? anyway.
The road from Thailand is long and ftll 4f vnakvv. The
water on the east coast is shallow with few anchoragez,
the west coast, if defended by warships, is hardly
vulnerable to naval attaok from Japan*And Singapore
itself seems to have been made almostlim-regnable from
the sea. It is to be expetted that in case of Zapanese
occupation of Thailand, the British would. take 'over the
entire Kra Isthmus, thus keeping the valuable tin out
of Japanese hands at the same time. The British claimed
that once a sufficient number of British war shiPs had
reacaed Singapore, the defenses on land and water would
be tufficiently strong. Naturally the air men were
crying for more planes, some of which might come from
Australia, but most of which they obviously expected
frot the United States. But the chief weakness in the
British Far Eastern setup, if there was onei.lay appar-
ently in that complicated ,crisscrossing-of commands,
whiAl. Duff Cooper had been trying-tw.eIiminite.., There
wer in Singapore itself no,less,than sevenvorneight
autorities some of them independent of .the others:
Here is a list: Commander-inChief:oftheJarEast,
Air Vice Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham. 2. Commanaer-
-
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A' China S atin (AdU1th0 ft-t
0.1mst .4 Africa to the ',tett cOkb oeoth
1.?
At [Mir 9 Sir Geoffrey triaytert (sucts4titer,
Att.
'44
nirce Aard). 3. (Under 1) Lielattnaht 0Ougitt1Q-
Nrcivi 1, Commander of the troop in gAlty4.1 4 ,(Hig*r2)
lar-hdmiral J. A. Spooner, Commander of tht ft&IM
Estallishments in Malaya. 5. ('Unitr 1) Aiirladtir
Marsh$A1 Pulford, Commander of the Far Ea-Atern Air I ratio
e. LJeutenant General Sir Lewis Heath, Commandtr'Of the
Indim Army Corps. 7. Major General Gordom Bettdtt
Commnder of the Australian Imperial FOrdeS -in reality'
one (:ivision'cif about eighteen thousand men. a. Malo
General Keith Symmonds, Commander of Singapore-. In
addition, there was the Governor of Straits Settlement
His :Excellency Sir Thomas Shelton Thomas, Che invited
me to luncheon at Government House, with the constrained
mann(r of a British patriot consciously "doing hit bit.")
K.C.M.G., who is alsotin theory Commander in. Singapbre.
Few of these Admirals, Generals, and other Commandtrs
spok,;1 well of each other and none of them sppke well
of Brooke-Popham. Admiral Layton went so far as to
refer to him continually as ?Brooke Pop-Off"? in
reference to his numerous trips about the area - andL
Popcorn." This is a point-of-view that seemed
to b,a shared by our own Admiral Hart in Manila. Gen:-
erany, the Air Vice Marshal is reproached with being
a feeble old dodderer. Only two or three of the per-
sons I met had a good word to say for Brooke and they
admJtted that he was "too Admiral Spooner in-
sisted, pnwever, that Brooke-Pophamts job waS'mpurely
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prepaamtoryn and that t/when th0 bi1godo
actual command would pts g to gomo ote dlge4 06114r61
Wave]) was thought to be trying to regaindottrOl ovotfr
Burma trom Brooke-Pophamo On the other mid, rhtlffld
two Army men refer to Admiral Layton at fttlt6t- olIy a f -01.ff
owL impression or the Admiral was that or an tggrda
give righting fellow, a fine man on the bridge but wIth
grfat sense of politics, a matter in which he per-
sizts in meddling. Duff Cooper and Lady Diana were also
?
ao popular in Singapore. Some people referred to Duff
Cooper as "Fluff Goofy'? and at a time British 8orviao
pe)pl had sent away their women, Lady Dianats mers
dr.?.sence, however gracious, was felt as an affront, and
people criticized her occupying, in the all too taw
s.)a.3senger planes, a place that might have been filled
by sOme one ?doing a job. ft I suppose it is, however,
to be expected that in case of real war the British would
be able to improvise some sort of effective unity if
it had not already been achieved.
Tie Malay Peninsula is inhabited by a very mixed
lot - 'Ialays, Chinese, and Indians with only a few
Britisi. The Chinese are very belligerent and the rich
ries a-e contributing a good deal to General Chiang Kai-
shekls campaign fund. The Malaya, though not prp-
Eritis. are at least passive, and might prove susceptile
to an ,merican news broadcast in Malay language. The
Indian:, were reported to be anti-British. The British
ttlemse:_ves, in such places as Singapore, Penang, and
Kiala Lumpur, seemed singularly tepid in spirit and
d3s.3rvfng of all the criticism they had received from
Americri. journalists. The chief task of the rich ones
semed Lo be preventing the local income tax from being
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lit
rairsc.d aboVe -tUln &Rd thOi nattlatt,
tileir organ for doing this; It, irifig ditOW4d,b tte.t-
them in my presence that nwhen the- War littirt"t
the w .r with Japan) tieverything: will 1* diefetetiltit,-;
Acparqntly he had never heard that Brittantiiitk:Vt
with qermany.
All things nonsidered, my impreggion or the.,
Strail:s Settlemetts and Malaya wav bfattsir that I had
been led to expect.
6. The first impression of Java It:az, f4r ruke#_
pea,erul than that of Singapore. MonkeysHingeftva
of three and four crossed a paved road outsidIvB"atalrla
just ahead of me and there is nothing like a group of
monkeys holding hanris to give a peaceful note to a
landscape. One sees next to no.militar!r in. the
stree:s of Batavia, Semarang, or DjoklaRarta; to see
much of the local soldiery one has to 'goto the Army
center at Bandoeng. In Surabaya, the Naval Base,
s;Alcrs were of course plentiful, some of them aviators.
Underleath the surface, however, as one soon comes to
notic, the Dutch Indies give a more resolute picture
of wtr will and military alertness than the British
at Sigapore. At least such was my impression. I -
was 6?layed somewhat in my work by the death of the
Commalding General, which meant time-out' for two or
threE days. In my nine days stay in the Island I did,
however, manage to have talks with his Ektellende
Goveraor-General Jonkheer A.W.L. Tjarda.van Starkenburgh
Stacl,Duwer at his summer 'place up in the mountains;
with the new Commander-in=Chief of the Netherlands
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."?jf4
? `..`,1
?c"..
4.:(1
el!
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Bast tndies forces, Genova -Tor PtiortAri; effith,
H,D1fr1h, Commanding the Dtitchliavetzl teirm,6 it th 1ft
East; with the head of the co mi DeptittaMent
Moolk, who gained merited fame by refagirig the JtiptriOlge
doman).s for oil, etc; with A.H.J. Lavink, Adviser_
for East Asiatic Affairs to tho Ciovornor-Gefter#100i
I found singularly well informed on the subliadt
Japan; with American Consul General Foote, wta knOwe'
his vay about the Islands; with Commander clIossdn,
0.5.1!.; with Dutch and American newspaper mon; with
the independent Nationalist leader Dewantarn4 with
a rather pro-Dutch Javanese Nationalist (or Indonesian)
loader, Hadji August Salim. ?
I went over the Naval Base at Surabaya and saw
some of the Army base and an Army airfield at Bandoeng.
Above all I talked with as many of the people as
possiole, both Dutch and Javanese, in order to judge
tile firmness of their resolution to defend? themselves
if attacked. So far as I could gather the situOion
soTewhat as follows: The Dutchmen in the Indies are
a very independent lot, though not ,particu,larly:.*arlike
when left alone. But the unprovoked attack on Holland
shok them profoundly and made them conscious of their
r(!sponsibility as the only remaining nucleus of Dutch
indep,Indence. So long.as the Japanese, for whom. the-
Dutch have no great respect, confined this aggression
to China, the men of Batavia viewed it almost with,com
placency. But when the Japanese took over all of Indo
China) considered a pistol aimed at Java, the-Netherlands
Dutch went fighting mad. Both General Ter Poorten and
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Admiral Helfriflh oxprosgod tritole',WigrAVI VI6A4
transports had not ben sunk-Withaott'VArtift
time of the complete OocupatiOnte
British and Australians to back them
1 eduid
take the offensive against :aparlt? ThDutoh,Commarid-'
particularly rogrotted the lack of vablic politi041
commitment with Great Britain and Austrillia tor coming
defense. The military plans for sia,ct coming defense
had been made but the British were stubb?4nly refusing
to say aloud that an attack on Singapore, the Dutch
Indies, or Australia would te a casus belli for all
three. Some of the Dutch flying-officer& - not unlike
certain American officers whom I have talked with
seemed over-impressed with German military efficionayo
but all of them were willing and eager to fight ta the
extent that their resources permit. If the United
States were in the fight, we could4_Ilfeel, oaunt an
the Dutch Indies to back us completely trolny campaign
we might map out. Admiral Helfrich asOd.humorously
for four days' warning so that be could have, his sub-
marines lying off Japanese ports "Ven de balloon goes
oop.n The Netherlands Indies forces, I was told, con-
sisted of some eight thousand Dutch regulars, about ten
thousand Dutch Indies volunteers, and nearly a hundred
1 thousand native troops, largely from the Island of
,
1 Amboina, which is supposed. to provide-a tougher breed
of man than-the .other Islands, General Ter. Poorten
defined the Army role as TureU,defensi7p--, protecting
Java and the Naval and Air ,A,4s,es :in the otberi$lands
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1
from invasion Th 0 Air p4 1 0 AIM* If 146(
of uff icint plAtes, both bOmbeArs zi,nd fight Is
regretted that their program?! for Air adfOge adald
not be completed before tho etil or 9/7 4n
seemed ready to fight.
The American military utor t t1 tkit Obi
flyers complained of too gro4tteeklez$n6tgoi tho
part of their pupils.
From the Indonesian Natiotalists Dewantara and
Hadji August Salim, from some ether trattar.ese., from
the American newspaper men and the American Censu1
General, I obtained some notion of the Javangise
Nationalist Movement. This is extremely complex and
the details have no bearing on the present report.
So far as possible I endeavored to obtain a reply to
the question, what would the Indonesian Nationalists
do in case the Netherland Indies went to war with
Japan? My informants were almost unanimous in giving
the following answer. The Indonesians would support
the Nether'And Indies Government steadily, but without
enthusiasm, in its war effort up to the point of a
possible Japanese victory. At this point without
hesitation but also without enthusiasm they would go
over to the victor, trusting for the best! Interesting
is the fact that the Nationalists are divided among
themselves, not only into; narrow, personal and party
groups, but also on the great issue of adherence t?7
tradition or rupture of it. Dewantara for instance is
closely associated with the schools at Djokjakarta where
the ancient Javanese dancing, puppet plays, batik
painting and silver working are all kept alive. Salim
on the other hand believes that all that 'told stuff"
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simply plays int* the h4tiat of tho Dutch roglmir
keeping the Javanese htpaleggly triedle#. 1 46$ in4V.d
(Ghandi, he says, is a, great AtSet,iOt tv nit INIAAns
but to the British1). Salimtg ideAlisMiltta04
who broke with traditicen th Tilrkey And tOdetilizta the
Turks more or less against their wiiL Ito thinks th04-
what the Javanese need is a Jolt in th4 pit Or the
stomach - something to snap thmu out of their old wtyg,
It would seem very difficult fOrv men IVA
Dewantara and Hadja August Salim to merge their toltl-
flicting views into one anti-Dutch action. Th e DutCh
themselves do not anticipate trouble though ths7 admittwi
that "after the warn, great concessions mast be vuvie
to the Javanese Nationalists...
An American news broadcast in Malay might hep -s.
7. Thailand is a fascinating little country of
golden temples, river life and handsome diminutive '
people. The political regime seems compounded of a
great deal of Chiang Kai-shek, a dash of Hitler, and
much loose talk of democracy. The Thais are attractive
and most foreigners like them. Premier Peebun (spelled
Bipul) adequately expressed the contradictory ten-
dencies in the little kingdom when on the one hand: he
stressed tradition (nA good Buddhist is a good patriot)
and on the other he attempted to force upon the Thais
attendance at the Buddhist Temples(wats) and to put
the women into hats, stockings and gloves, which seemed
hardly adapted to the climate.
During my stay in Bangkok, October 24 to 27, I saw
the American Minister with the diplomatic Consular
Officials; the British Minister; the Thai Foreign Minister,
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OV
I. 'I eilj
1:11
,
;11
1.?A?1
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Nal Di ,ck; Ris Highri8gs Prino ThlinVid/ 1ArnV4r/If
Advisr to the Minister df Forqign ArrAirs mnd to the
Council. of Ministers; Mr. Gilchrist or the British.
Ministry of Inrormation; numvrous kalrican Pfusiness Mmy
one American newsnpor min; two ThAt newspqper men/
numerous Thai citt7rms, nn6 r;o on. Particttlarly he
were Mr. Chapman or the Americqn Letion and thet
Military AttachP., Major Jackson.
The Thais are tr!lAitionally frie dly to th Unitgd
Statos, but in tho last few years have c:riftAd away from
American influence, in -rt perhaps b*,..cau or the
traordinary attitude or Mr. Grant, the Am-,rin Ministo,r
who preceded Mr. Willys Peck. Conceivably, alno wtth
holding the military airplanes the Thais had nou8ht,
also had something to do with this. In any case, it
is very late to bring about much alteration in this
situation. Notable to me was the fact that the Thai
banks, though eager to obtain Japanese yens and Straits
dollars, had no use for United States dollars or Nether-
land East Indies guilders.
The questions I put to myself were as follows:
How do the Thais stand politically? Will they try to
defend their country against Japanese invasion? 7ould
they welcome British protection? Could they defend
themselves successfully if they try?
The Americans in Bangkok said that the Thais were
fundamentally pro-Japanese. Japanese influence had been
steadily rising in the country. The number of Japanese
in Thailand, though stated by the Foreign Minister,
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I
Nal Direck, not to eXeoed 111411
4lov I
by the Americans to be Elt lotigt ttM th ,ttetta and pds 614
more. Two Japanese who registeT d Orirint Rote
In Bangkok while I was living th rl 0 Vely 8insw t d
the question nultimato dettination/w by writiAgf 'the-re
The pro-Japanesc, feeling', apparently rhd it. limAx
some months aro when Thailand acquir d poptit
French Cambodia, after a brief mi1itrycampetioAl at
through "Japanese mediationn. At that time the MAI
and the Jap:tnese flags floated together on top of the
public buildings. Since this time the This havg) begun
to suspect that the Japs were not disinterested in
their mediation and have acquired a creepi-7.g fear of
them. A Thai architect who had been educated in Parts
broke down after a few drinks and tearful:y said to a '
British official, "You must protect us or we are lost
Yet the Thai Foreign Minister, Nal. Direck, cou171 give
me no plausible explanation of why his Government had
recently lent forty-five million tic ls to the local
branch of the Yokahama Specie Bank. He said that
otherwise the bank would have failed, but was unable
to explain why that should have bothered the Thais.
People in Bangkok suspected that the Japs already had
a lien on this year's rice crop, but admitted that the
British could prevent this by withholding the Indian-
made gunny sacks which are apparently Indispensable if
the rice is "to breathe?! during shipment. Japan is also
said to have influence in the Thai Army and among the
politicians, many of whom had allegedly been bought
outright. My impression entirely bore out the views
of Carlos P. Romulo, the editor of the Philipuines Herald,
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who on October 7:pr1nted zo oral r hi g br 141!
in a coming Japanese attack an ThAlltInd
numerous small Japanese under k?r.s whith addmd u,
into a pretty ifonceivable the Among othort
citqd the subsidizing of four Thi we, VA*
opening of a Japans e propaganda office La &Ingkok 4nd
an attempt to secure Lnding fleads and Naval Bastaf
Despite this, my impression was that the prolert Gov-
ment desperately hoped to rmain neutral.
But if Jap:n does attack will the ThaiS- defend
tImpselves? I think the bulk of the Army will - 11
ordered to do so. The Army is not particularly numerous
or efficient, perhaps not much better than the Thai
Navy. The air force, thouth reputed courageous, is
equipped with antiquated planes. None the less the
country could put up a considerable defense if it tried
to do so. My impression was that unfortunately a Japan-
ese attack would split the governing classes wide open.
Many of the present Ministers would be for resistance,
but other important persons would be for coming to terms
with the Japs as soon as possible. Their argument
would be that since Thailand could not hope successfully
to resist Japan, better capitulate gracefully without
receiving much harm. In.other words, better be an
Oriental Denmark than a New Norway.
Among the possible "Quislings" in Bangkok three
were mentioned: Colonel Prayura Bhamaramontre, Acting
for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Deputy Minister
of Education and Director of the Yuvachon (or Youth
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-A:
1 .1
t'
,41
Movoment) which looks muCh like A Mitier Ugthdff;
Nal Vriih Pananonda, DirectOr dioAtral of the: tielwt
ment of Commerce nnd the Minister or ,
Special Envoy attached to the Ministr a Po
Afrairs, His Highness Prince Varnvidyn ,14411aVtrn Ad-
viser to the Minister of Foreign Atfairt aild to th0
Council of Ministers. I tnlked with his Aightesg and
a more shifty customer I never met. ObViottaly, if the
Thais wore sure of American and British assiatanae
it would bo harder for them to capitulate without
serious resistance. Major General Gordon ?onnett?
commanding the Australian division at Singapore, told
Vincent Sheean that in his opinion the Briti h should
immediately send one hundred thousand men from. England
and take Thailand bodily. Short or full support it
advance the Thais will, in my opinion, put up a "tokenm
defense, meanwhile shouting lustily for foreign aid.
This is better than inviting the Japanese to come in
and take over. But unless such aid be forthcoming, the
defense will hardly be long sustained. Therefore I can
see no ade:uate reason for supplying Thai/and with any
war matrial destined more than likely to fall into
Japanese hands.
8. During forty-eight hours in Rangoon, Burma,
I managed to call upon the Governor Sir Reginald Dorman-
Smith, Major Hewitt of the Burma Government, the Ameri-
can Consul Mr. Brady and many others. I interviewed
two Burmese journalists, two American business men,
Mr. R. C. Chen of the Chinese Defense Supply Corpor-
ation, went with his American Assistant Mr. Matteson,
to visit the Rangoon docks and go-downs, and looked
over the half-built General Motors Assembly Plant. I
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also spent considerable time with At LOWe
Chinese Ministry or Information.
BUIT14 was interesting as thirowing light On
points. The first was the situation of tio
to which I shall re)turn in a later seatian orthJa
port; the second, the po1lticn1 and milUary
pi
prevailing in Burmn itselr; and the third th
tion of the First Group of American Volunteer Aviators
under Colonel Chennau3t at Toungoo? l'40 miles to the
north of Rangoon.
To me the situntion of Burma seemed as bad as
possible. The Burmese have become Iarg.)ly se1J. gov
erning, but decpite that, have no gratitude for the
British and dislike the Chinese. The country is a
theocracy, ruled, that is, by yellow-robed Buddhist
monks who provide the cogs of the political machine
that has brought to power the present Premier U Saw.
These monks consider themselves terribly oppressed by
the British and they have been worked upon by Japanese
propagandists who have stressed their common Buddhism.
Their loyalty to Great Britain is certainly slight;
Governor Dorman-Smith said that in case the Japanese
invaded Burma the bulk of the population would rise on
behalf of the invaders! And the native army, though
largely drawn from the (non-Burmese) hills peoples, is
not considered dependable.
The defenses of this rather large country consisted,
at the time of my visit, of three brigades of good troops,
one squadron of pursuit planes and one squadron of bombers.
The Governor hoped that in case of Japanese attack the
,Lmerican Volunteer Aviators at Toungoo would take part
In the defense. There was much talk of first-class
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1
Austra inn ujungl fl 'ti' All r4Ady tidtt
on the border next to :Endo Chintij btt 414 heot Sole.
(lily signs of them and was inclfteid to b1110146 th4t
war), at bost en anticipation, Ocime brItish leu#4
in the extreme northeast corner of tho oottotry
trying to make contact with the Ohitele oterwtAt
cross the border, and the Chinese ht promIted saais
tance in case the Japanese attacked, But th 1y
Durmese dislike the industrious Chinevo mildh
as they dislike the British and clapped a 2%, tratslt
tax on American Lend-Lease goods for China. When the
British under American protest sought to have this rt-
moved they were able to do so only by paying it to
Burma themselves. The Governor explained that he had
hid Premier U Saw invited to London, in order to impress
him with British strength and win him over, but was
dcpibtful of success.In vain the British have insisted
on the barbarous nature of the Japanese. T:, Burmese
newspaper men who called upon me told me frankly that
they knew the Japanese must be good people simply be-
calse the English said they were bad people. No wonder
thi'. British seemed so jumpy and police examinations we
so stringent!
Against a Japanese attack from Indo China alone
the British forces might be able to make some headway,
bui if the Japs took over Thailand as well, they could,
in the words of the Governor, ?spill over the border
in fifty places at once." He pointed out that it took
four brigades of British troops six months to put down ?
a mtnor Burmese rebellion in 1936 and feared that if
the population rallied to the side of the Jap invaders,
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if
the situation could be oritjfl 1 woU1d, ho
ivolcome a regular Amerioan broadcast in Butittete-,
All in all, this seemed anything but a reaSsurift.
October 30 I took the evening train Toung
some 150 miles to the north of Rangoon and was m4t at
tne station there by Mr. Joseph Alsop, well-known
Wlshington columnist, who had left thl?, Navy service, to
b!come the ',secretary!' of Colonel Ch tiltof the,
First Group of American Volunteer Aviators. I spent
most of that night talking with Alsop and hearing from
hlm the conditions prevailing in the camp. On the stir-
fce these were not so bad. Most of the Amevican
volunteers, who are extremely well-paid, seemed in
good health and in high spirits. But really con-
were not satisfactory Some ten had ndesertedft
after reaching Toungoo either because they 'Iliad not
expected the services to be dangerousm or because
thiy "wished to get out of their military obligation
in the United States any-ay,? And that was not the
worst. Colonel Chennault complained not only of the
abence of competent staff officers, of spare parts and
of .Fupplies in general, as well as of the "over-age
cha:-actern of the cartridges (1933) furnished for his
gun:;, but also of the 13.40's themselves. He would,
he 'xplained, be ready to take two or three squadrons
into action on or after December 1, but he warned that
neiLher in their numbers nor in the quality of their
planes were these squadrons a match for the Japanese
fig}-ting forces. The latter he said fly flOn planes
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? 4
tar superia in 0 Ubing e
Ma Colon? regrettod thix
order for the Chinent 0oVernmeni Atkt 04
(!oming from a man of ChennAUlt,* dOggod (TOW ir
dctermination to succeed, ouch empltintg btittt4144-4n
underlying pessimism. (American regUlar km, Or 1
:In Chungking were inclined to 4ttributo thia At#101
to the fact that the pilotO were' orctnariel.,
1 am inclined to believe rather that Colonel Cherzna .$
ling familiar with the Orient, fo4red :Leta a deteAt
for himself and his boys than the effect of a defeat
for America in the first battle with Japan. or how-
evor the American Administration may view the Volunteers
the entire Far East looks on them as the, vanguard of
thi, American Army and in eagerly looking forwAlidt the
re3u1t of the first conflict with the Japs.
Clearly, even if all wore for thosbest, the. pilots
an planes in Toungoo were far too few to guarantie
prot(tction of the traffic on the Burma Road, to say
nothing of supporting Chinese land defence of the whole
Province of Yunnan, I was not surprised when In Chung
kin some days later I found General John Magruder,
head of the Amerian Military Mission, more worried
about the Volunteer Aviators than about almost anything
els.
9. Leaving Toungoo about noon November 2 - British
30neral Wavell had just flown over the field on a tour
of inspection - the C.N.A.C. regular DC 3 from Rangoon
bi,pwht me to Lashio near the edge of Burma, about one
th-,rty, and set me down in Kunming ,an hour or so before
(El. The hotels were crowded but I managed to find
do,
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LW,
?0!-%
1
g
4,1, ?
iLt
r OlOttpin qtr hi
,j1,40
-
Wm, Thq tex4
vis1te4 tho AmelltNifi
-little lon41 data, 4n4 1144
tin tycoon, 11 T* Ma(' mining tvittet*CO'
versity o innesot*. ha4
,t
I
, -
1938 and he ras cordial ?n
taItAtglaRA IAA P.:Ali .11a,
ht _had evolved from a mor# prOttitdial-Iahnan*1
national viotint, a VlonomotOn -that txpl
me by the feta that whoreas ha *114 tort
ite of thQ goVarnor
Y'Vt40* -(ktoo
g "tatlaijtadzi
aged to obtaili that honor ror htk own catutidaf
ing Miao a poor second, but brodonlng his loyalty
Interesting was the fact that Miao took me to tremk
fast, not in his own house, which had been bombed,
but to the house of the Mayor, his friend, to which
the servants obtained entrance only by $caling a second-
floor balcony with a five foot lade-. All of which
did not prevent the French-trained cook-from serving,
,
.A.41Ar,
a full dress meal in about twenty minutes.
.f"
A few hours later, flying at about 17 090rfeet -
over a protecting cloud bank, half frozen and giddy,
reached the familiar airport by-the river at Chungking.
I was back after three and a half yeikrs.-
From the low shore of the Yangtse river, the, ,
towering houses of Chungking show little damage.
Close examination, however, reveals the terrific des-
truction caused by multiple, practically unresisted
bombardments. Not a section intact, and many quarters
have been completely bled. It was cold as winter
and remained so; practically no house was heated.
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0
t 4 It
'S ISI
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Stitiking '411414 ?rliWtttew-
Chintiz# cloateAt gaid, thdf h teftt
and tho ohier digtimt0V 1000f0710t4,011
bronohitit
Thariktt -to Ari advistatt I- mat 'Ott
rot* in the -hialleig HotiA0 th#.4 pdt
hotel. Its winfims, tire lgr fay rlypltgoad magift -or dr
itt want; and ftoort tad tied sheett are Wiaeataltitly,
stained; thero wag ht.5.at In, but one mot tknd the t011etg
made one wish to dispense with bodily: rlantrtien. 444
gether. But at,out the Chializg Howe, at about faa
Chungking, there vitt an air or on -xho had surmountect
a difficult trial sue ftl37
I remained nine days in Chungking and di:min -this
time managed to see any number of peopla. I had a
quarter of an hour with Generalissimo Chiang ai-ittek
was invited to dinner by Madamal, had one lunaheon- witir
Foreign Minister Quo Tai-chil another with the, ex-
Foreign Minister Wang Ching-hui? and ,a third with. the
War Minister and Chiang's right-hand mar, Ho Yin-chin.
breakfasted several times with a-personal_
friend of the Generalissimo and a big shot in.the,
Kuomintang; dined with "General n Wu'Te-chen- (almost
all prominent Chinese are generals whether they have
anything to do with the army or not-.) secretary of:AtItt -
Kuomintang,' ex-mayor of Hongkong;.. talked several -Um's
with the Minister of Information ,and his JL,..istant-
Hollington Tong. I.called upon the economist "General"
Ho Hao-jo, vice president.ofthe National economic
Council and secretary of the Kuomintang Youth, Movement;,:.
it0floz,-;
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? ?
. I
1
1;1 ?
!,?;- .1!
i!
-
C11.'
"k7
'111'-J:k41;f
?
fe"N
1- qi L.
1.0
'61
??:
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n r1
witit KTI Pe119-7441,1 th?
titiVertity, whr) ttlik4.44 to
tho rtgorl rnr
ontiont ?
r
flt-rel'oft.dy
IntnrrAl 4;46,reItm i0144 ?p4t-td doWiii#V44-
t'o#1 h030 of Nto 1411
hospitP1 Churv.king wit Rofigtret, Lift h#1404 eft Ut
Chinge Army Ve;l. norvit-1 writh Pi I, lad- f th*
Internn lonnl Par .4,mpnigft, I tpqnt two AAd
hours i1 ?'v to Wetrig Pun-5on, who, calll himo4if
nUetd or tho intormtionti R491ntinns,n and it rEmIly
the JP.p4nosF, IT)ofialist in t'i ChirLmse int41Ilig4TrIce.
Service. In thd, covrge of a nriptitiow nocturnal
visit, flGenc?rnl" Chow Enfi-LA,, f:varatirtigt leader And
represtmttiv..3 of the Fiihth Rout,? ArTny trk Chungkingt
described th., erqiy terrific przsure to which, Chintse
Communist and ottv? critics of the prt4,nt government
are now subjeted.
Catholic isop Yu-pin tried to explain why the
Government refrained from i'n' reform during the pre :t
struggle and deftnded the policy of ref.using to nfight
two wars at once, one without and another with a n
But this was not the half of it. I spent hours
listening to our able Naval Attache, Lieutenant Colonel,
James McHugh; had luncheon with Ambassador Clarence
Gauss (intolerant of the Chinese, and anti-British;
the American nev.spaper men at Chungking laughlingly
spoke of an effort to de-gauss the Ambassador), and dined
with the British Ambassador Sir Archibald Clarke Kerr
who is extremely popular with the Chinese. I was twice
with Owen Lattimore, American adviser to the Generalis-
simo; talked with the American Military Attache, Colonel
Meyer, saw a good deal of American and British newspaper
correspondents, exchanged impressions with the Soviet
sifid and A
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ICAtuttAdor o14 thq told
Mt0h tImo AA po#41b1
im1rrl@qtd, 0041/14r4 ?tohti
*WTI or the Am4rloAn
Comparod With 01S, th4 tit*. eliv
Uation or Ch ATA had muth IMInolted.0
hardahlp;1 am! mtlfrortng olthout 4-nety, tht.
Are probably more numreug An4 !MT -
thoy have boon at Any tim There it 4 $114
pro-41orninn oligue but toi not reall7 inco-Ocrtkal:
MUch az afraid tlAt Germany will rift ,,tt* itt&r.., I boAt''
of no consider'bie )0010 that wanted ptta* or und4r
standing with the Japanoge. It ta.re tamr tbAt-
the success or T, V. Soong and the alna DeXon#* SU
Corporation in the United State,tho vislt of
Currie and other American Wielals. to China). thw
pointment of Owen Lattimore and of the Atwricart Mill
tary Mission, tho inclusEan of Chita under Land-Lease
and the stoacy arrival ot material at Rangoon these
have had a most beneficial effect upon Chinese moral,.
For with the British also taking rare interest. in
Chinese resistance, the Chinese have come to feel
themselves a full-fledged ally of the democracies', an
important part of the democratic front and entitled to
full consideration from its other partners. It 15 rd
to dispute this thesis, for if Singapore is the Ker
-
to the democratic defenses in the Far East, fat flabby
Ponderous China is certainly the anchor. I would not
give much for the, future of Singapore if China went.
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f
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A
volt.r tt0,1:1A16,#gl gt&ta
1
!!!'
f hag?
ceirtpin &MO, trI
,
Alliom thill Chit VA, l'''!\1.1011' .1. t '''" Fbit
the 1r-m(1 01 I I I i 1,917' T!!
; !4,f ?ii
,.
.d
,
?,,
VI,
,
The 'Thinmgn, he,-,Ail rele4OhAt it 1 t
Yankli took A hand!.? Thol*kow ttlatwthA DritleA ma
' 1
PussiPnv arP
iri prnstio4,1]n ?that Dart8 of 14tt
but they JI,Lit enntt 47uilt why tho EtAltOd ttat-4s
doesn't immq
was not ot t-1 ('hl,nd; jt wslip ,0,4 A/
21 119t9ly ')&1:'1,11.r; ti p f;onprOts5imo CLgurK0
_al' soo,l,k?JAptIn4 Tha bYtttLo or Enlving
JiirJ10110 Att :k
P!ln,Dioons .,41 larMantonto Ind honol
to got Icrint: w[t:'7-)utr LH jiCor It, This ioes not
mean that ChinoT:- Arra
A7o;
i/
quite th- contrary': thic, sfecif,40 nt Changsha v?113ed
their conr Honce:
their conridonoe to :t higher pitch t;han Pvers They
just feel that someboly else d'ught to jump in the ripg
with them and Iasomo oC the 1'1 ntingl
Hence tho im ort noo of the 4merican Military
Mission of Gorwr;41 jo:tn %laeruder. Socrar as one could
Judg!', th Cirt contacts of all the members of the
Mission wore hirhly Cavor6b1e,, gagruder himself had
come to feel that Chinn could-really be helped, that
something could nerivips be salvwd ,from theqotherwise
utterly wart hie Chinese Au' Force ,and thatexcep, for
the Burma *Road cYlfficulty (of rehich more 1ete46)?,China
was really in pretLy coo,ishape. MalorSoderholm, tt*
Ordnance specilist, 111(- been admitted to the hitherto
secret unclercround Chinese arsenals, had found the
H
4:4
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-
orkNanthlp oltoottont
???,-
mntfArtmtgf kho 011441
sup / nil %h nomeln' 14 #M414 *Wir
offloorn ovpp to, Whit 4'hott
*Int &nr1 InAtruolein tha CW16400,
to 1150 their (nnd new, 4111141:-- tAltd
it Any Ln nrOore to ota4p4 opoturir Oy th4, 1400-
tho pauit. in sheq't tho m4Mbers th4
i
soemod to root thAt At ti ApprOPrIgt# MOM6Itt'it
PrOPOr4 cowmpd qnd sg)coododl tIto 0111.not*trtsfot
be counted on ror prroctiviti orrenvIvil actla4?.:
Major Uendplson took mo to vitit ti atiof ti
try HOspital In Chungking, SeverAl elamtrIld wottded
and
sit mon (ton or thm authvntioU pationts) wore
being oar od ror by twnty.hreo so,-callvL doctars,? of
whom only fiv had hAd atthentic medical training. The
pharmacy almost ompty, tht equipment mittager b4yotild
descript. on. Major Mendelson 4eclarad the existence
of a hospital under such conditions, a miracle. *any'
other people woulil have despaired under suoh air-cum
stances. Thousands of wounded Chinese soldiers needlessly
die for lack of transport and immediate, medlegl treat-.
merit, but there are only six thousand properl: trained
doctors in all Chinn for a population estimated: at over
four hundred million. Of these 6,000, only 1200 are
With the Army Medical services. The others cannot
afford it, for the rate of pay, two, to ten United States
dollars a month, is such that they cannot hope to maintain
their families on it. Those who do volunteer *re heroes.
The majority remain behind to enjoy more lucrative
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pinto prAptInof 140.tqr.
SOrVidg$
!or
'It
emo or twt MiltfOrt
HerPt 4; In avory otivtir rtor14
Or Chinso LI,c,oln,entondosi
IA! ituomalgod
*
Trk ffi.or
,.;
solt tiortrt^ine mon who, tvep 44t"104ttd
cci
DOJUVEmh tn thoqr 1ountt7 nt .ny ddigt* d16041/14-
of some or th*.cto p-)nnlefl WRA :0-1thAP Cm*. ftoat 404(501*
featuro of my vlsV6. koldOntAllt, ticItt thol poi;OZMV
admiration for T. V Soong.
In tho coursn or recent VI -I:, to the front/ thop
Genernils::mo is r.00rt4d htiv# exciAlmody gonevall
are too fat, my ..5o1416rs
too thint" This Is ftrdly
surprisinp whon on lonrn that he alve4rag* weight at
the Chinoso rrivnte from Szechwan is ono- hundred and
fifteen pounds.
ting stories aro current in Chungk c n-
cerning profiteering and speculation and rood squan
dering by mnrchants and large landowners. The widow
Of a former prominent citizen of Szechwan was named
as the chief speculator. There has been considerable
hoarding of rice. And thP big country landlords are
described as cA.lous to the call of patriotism. Yet
Government officils maintain that once they triplOthe
present rice tax (tax in kind), there will be plenty
left for the country as well as for both the army and
the cities. The Generalissimo is sharply taken to
task by many, for his failure to curb speculation or
Institute land reform immediately. The "Soong Dynasty"
and especially H. H. Kung, the Finance Minister and his
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? , ?-
?zt:??!,??
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?Arp nime,o 4 Nivo
In (mtna4
OA th4 eithe4r h vieke
gelloAn tr
IiIIR rotm,
hif that arrimm t tt? L
Mb truth gpvm=d La Wt1
the more PI Chlavoso 15 oAtrl kt
likely to bp livInTWit- ittGrdhu
-cOuntry tut Loroignttme of th4 big shot It
shly, tho int I t tan 1;5 # s Amt pck
men are the roAl victtm$.
Obriou.51yr
care of roads ankl motor tft1111f111 a o r$1 ons olAt
many of Chin:Lts troubtos, such 4S the &xcoss t4 movtalit
of soldiers wounded Lr bmttle. And this problem now
centers in tho luestion of how to increase the traffit.
along the Burma roa,!, to tho consideration oit which
am devoting a sub oquent section of this repot
Overshadoring any voolem or traffic., though
tx-
separably linked with it is the new Japtuese threat
against 'twin n Province, the city of Kunmlng an4 the.
Burma road itself. Yunnan is in part mountainous, i
part jungle--difficult at all times. The Chinese,clain
that on the ground they are equal to the trial. But,t
against eight or ten aggressive, Japanese divisions?
posed to suffer heavy losses to gain their ends)0, an
supported massively from the air, the Chinese 14,,Wit
Powerless. Everyone in Chungking, foreign or Chine&e,
felt that to defend the Burma road and prevent the.
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11:
Vdm .41 _A0114 ,
Ptott*h r611t0A4
Attl: if'g
A*0. 4 Air support,* Tmo do0114?''
irtGraop or Amot4164n
if reit,Covled
iiXod fit0t0rs atd
orlgth
.boyrt4
41t4t
to th6 OffiOetA O(* tr,h4f Affitfitt Mita
be eMiro Amorin, nrmy .111r
from M11 MAni1A4 Tho nrftc2ert Eqp-MIled 10404
the authoritios tr wAshIngton di& tot:
would b* bottp:. lofmrldod bry4 army Okir tqU4drott'
aotually !Ihootin4 lnwn JcplAr14 ozdt
than by inert plpnos on tho ground- mil':C1iiNc, Tiondi
and elsewhore.? Bt) that to it may?
met believed that tha Chicieval ArtFn. taloyedell
by the hope or help, would collap4e and miKht rail
apart if tilt) Japano!le mrInagad to cut the BUTM4 road
by bombing or occupation, or to capture, Chungking br
another route! Many contended that tha collave of
China could mean tho defeat of Russia, the laltimattl s -
:I'
fall of Singapore and conceivabl the loss o.t?-the'Exis
,
Next in order of importance among
lems is the price and currency inflation.,'Not
a technician, I went no further thantryin'
whether under any circumstances ourrOncY*.
could be fatal to China's war effort
National University thought they mipt bilt,,,h03)wa4.
Only one. Eery other authority, Chitese,.andoreit
alike, believed that the Chinese-agrioultUralono*7,
, Was in last analysis ncurrency proof,n-and
F'?
ceitain
n;
'
'
-5
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
tom or thos JIT,t
-tt,r111, 4 h t 04
thy FT But ilgt,
vioIont rurr1 irkpr'tho, Iro`urth-
46rrmy (acclatod trv* GmtvRtA11,1,r1
;killing JATIAne,ls(q brvap:INt tAtteit
Chi&ngto oUr(11$mrmod. azd tixtti$
Rout a Artivrl throwing somft LVt' ort.0001:nte
*llod TAbor Cnalry). For scot 't fl1t.o1117-5'
,regularr Chinese qecrot 1,olAce =dor TIL j
v.:Lea
Police have been arresta. Caqps aro sild4
exist in a dozen plac,Ds and to be filled not onit
Communists art i Tit tuezt desirous e reacfa
communist stronold at Yennn, but wi
Of the so-called ',Middle Part 1e' between! e'7:6,q,
and the Kuomintang, and with persons gu-Ut mere
L.
criticizing the government.
Outside the rcommunist areal", commmplszt;,
4ntree China. The party sheet in. ,so.hui"kinVF,r,
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
ht,tg.AMes0
ii
r?q ts.1
"i[dIttitutitt.ti.
Th t
trlo et, 'A .t).t..111 4
t fl t r y
,
tht.' throe, chi A0 L riot
t4.
loan now:Ipil,p414.-mon? rovvArly eamitC u
L
Chiang tri1,41'..rtwnt
= ;busines but aiLofn
commtiniztst sjiLlti
t 11G racta that they
advocato lanq rerorm which IC
noed, rld that they are tot ?,,t1*?.:
perseue iont herrn, during;
and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
P'44 tintin t
ttittift fAthOli
t,itAr4totv fro. ii.tro fit 64
O't:tiltit411,1.', A eIti # otig,
t t`:0-1k4' t
,
153.
4tvor ) anti 111,0; IA A tt eth;
s:flo otho r 1iviz C1:11,rtm ottLi 101:-.'rieutk?.
in WAtihttrle;'t kiet bo, (14, 4.1'. t 1-114.tr
prestige hAz no-aorditIgil
thout Xct ;alma would hare.11,9
gott
voWrning
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
rtk,
014 mAlte, LI
iti w40 in my L.:11A
Ait r +01tLrnee g.
144M4 qWSA r. A q.11
66061 rIAltAnn, *ff4ryuct
than riilLthh int4t4414
1d:4,110, tilo gyvt-t h two dt11.41:4
vT-Irt,1,4 141eck of
01411
or WA tM r y w hi 1 ommll Int/
.0011# tkntrt it4 b t
T he ha r bar *A sftLL
thriving, 4 1,t hr;
d it% on, t, o Mt. IleiatAtkAtthr r''
hirtt...Nas LL4it rr rya 5 44,?Tt t 'art tit;
obt irrod non ri rpm t,rt t vt,ory-Migo.
prosptrity tn:;'It.whtning- Impartat,
ports are gr wt. tn rn t hoy. 1931 *14M taw Sao
started_ - the, "Chiro, 'Erv..11ti,dnt The lotao.n,
t tuv.,tp: triz in, and out or' Ctbina.
This 5 Taw`, L try. 141 ortultizod: litortgko
carried out lztritTly undor the leaders'ap
Chinese river piriL. Formerl? it took a route to? -
tim?
o b ortLe ars;t =tor'
L,
east of tion&ong
4.;
the quant ity is even gruter. lockade, running:: tt,
to enable Chin:t o OhtLLfl,b importation., =AVIA, ec
sail' things t ha t c oulti not otherwi,se be obtain
alld from the sale of its opo-t, reatelY lze
?
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
rtk,
014 mAlte, LI
iti w40 in my L.:11A
Ait r +01tLrnee g.
144M4 qWSA r. A q.11
66061 rIAltAnn, *ff4ryuct
than riilLthh int4t4414
1d:4,110, tilo gyvt-t h two dt11.41:4
vT-Irt,1,4 141eck of
01411
or WA tM r y w hi 1 ommll Int/
.0011# tkntrt it4 b t
T he ha r bar *A sftLL
thriving, 4 1,t hr;
d it% on, t, o Mt. IleiatAtkAtthr r''
hirtt...Nas LL4it rr rya 5 44,?Tt t 'art tit;
obt irrod non ri rpm t,rt t vt,ory-Migo.
prosptrity tn:;'It.whtning- Impartat,
ports are gr wt. tn rn t hoy. 1931 *14M taw Sao
started_ - the, "Chiro, 'Erv..11ti,dnt The lotao.n,
t tuv.,tp: triz in, and out or' Ctbina.
This 5 Taw`, L try. 141 ortultizod: litortgko
carried out lztritTly undor the leaders'ap
Chinese river piriL. Formerl? it took a route to? -
tim?
o b ortLe ars;t =tor'
L,
east of tion&ong
4.;
the quant ity is even gruter. lockade, running:: tt,
to enable Chin:t o OhtLLfl,b importation., =AVIA, ec
sail' things t ha t c oulti not otherwi,se be obtain
alld from the sale of its opo-t, reatelY lze
?
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
ho .1611A4ffli t4
JTA A6p41,904.allt A41444
nri -A; f* oith,'
zthi/.4,6n11-m0,110. 6.4*
.c.:F.1,[ I ,?1 -AP6 r.1.14trloott.
or ill, An;.T.
MOtoT tr-AnA3=1(,'t qftei44-1411At
f roho ottff
=1* Chitz-A t-1.P.t4414
r7r,
rig 'Mt rant-'rlItt-,Attlit
1 StA t q):3
whiah Chir 51111t t apart. 4., Ot?:0416:1
Ai to tilukt rtrity ( imur:climt:o k;;11:
Miltitary !?.11.1.1.44
ad equa t o'fs,Anflipt Lnto ChLPi Oerz,,,e,r
ch-111.r
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
F
t;his lo 1oklit4it work, Tho oh:tor w.--JL-
lies not mny miie5 rr, HiANILit. 1 AiliVA dwat4t4,
The merchnndlse mu8t bo of14.PAtUt't b:' _...:4; 16,go, t
sin/Jo cooliel8 load, --tUrt big iftid not ,:f4:e a,
hundrqd pounft. ObviolatIc threfbroi nUmOrOlaa
of tIings tho Chirlose need 04ft not woll he z=ggIM
into tn- country. ArtLliery, for insiftaer
pr-(71()Ir. Lo bcy rlskqd. So ar Lp Ltr1part31 etc,
r;riluf: LI iorvi, howt:lvr 4Idesrr4iladi cannot d,ThproLl n.
';
T,Ier' is tfw ol c'trIvin tout 9 (or tr%c'7,1)
from Lanchor, to L;o7iet Tur'Lcostan. This ?rack is
:t0
most of the yeLr to motor traffic, and .1.1 of the Toar
(I br,lieve) to clm,ls. But Rusvia itself is at 1)41/st
a totally inade:uate source of -ihat Chlm4 must have.
Tho haul is o terrifically long and gasoline con?
sumption so great, that this road can har'lly provider
more th n zl steady trickle.
C. Ther is the Burma Road, 726 miles long, from
Lashio (or Bhamo) in British Burma to Kunmin: in China,
a daring hillv.ay scraped out of terrific mountains,
crossini:, brmLd fast flowing rivers all running at right?
angles to the main direction, constantly cavinz in,
constantly in need of repair, but somehow always more
or less open to traffic. At theBurma end, this road
is connected with Rangoon and the open sea by road, by
rail, and by the navigable Irrawaddy River. At Kunming
the highway fans out into three or four directions
leading to the various parts of China.
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
-
,
113[4.
ttr,
_
Th b Ijurm&
Chine* Its th0Orti
ttoWAI oelpaoity4 Uhd
distinatlj let4 thkil
volume or Amer104111 Ltt4t4#4.td
say nothing of largo. gig4:ttltitir 61-
merchandise,
'
My personal oxprion4# or t14e-r4ad
slight. In the company of Mt., Mattegoat Am41 ;.
assistant to Mr. R. C. Chen of the China ttattowl,
Corporation, 1 wandered over the dock$ at Razgooat
the go-downs bursting with the tand-lease mordxandi
and the overflow lying outside under the ral, ide 'ttCy-
ing a ship tied to the pier and unablc to unload for
lack or space I wasgivn.. sets of ripires,as
to merchandise actuAlly moving, Me of which provided?
by Asiatic petroleum men who.00unted the trucks on
the road actually reaching Kunming and Chungking, was
as follows:
Trucks Reaching Kunming
Reaching Chungki
Month ending number tonnage average p.day number tonnage avera
p.
June 17t,
5016 15,562 167 543 1329 , 15
July 174670 14,678 156 599 1776 , 2
Aug. 17
4190 13,039 135 852 2556
Sept. 17 4784 14,428 154 696 2088
,, 22
Oct. 17 5113 15,339 170 417 ' 1251 14
These cargoes are net: excluding gas the figures would be about
75% of above.
,
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
,
is
) '
P.
/ honr4 all or 61
-4ttt `01,1
becomr. tn Aallgt10 , 1141141, kt matligtug -4141f-
and not lonst tho hitterldittigt MileAd Of thiff lit41-4404-
sity of expanding trdfria alOng thift fadd k600
Chiang Kal-ohtlk sent MA Gettapci lead41,0 fiftf
the roqd, personnliy to inleatig4t4 dhiktg6 tit:41116g
obstructionism and onttptian. At ftilitilhg$ gtorr
Miao, the tin magnate, iilid that, thAl-Vatriatt -r0#16-
cinl govrnment was no longtr ftn oto,batbr, )4116 thAtt -
General Yu (assisted by the AmOTICat? GAH' IA MUM)
was f!oin- a good job on trAtfic control, illy aaIleagu,
and friend, Leland Stowe, went over the ottiro road in
a station rafr,on about the middle of Ottoberl and had,
plenty to say on the subject, most of it bad. Whtth#r'
the new plan of a part Chinese, part American admini-
stration of the road will be successflal or whethet? China
will evontually come to complete American management,
can be left to the experts, all of whom are now fully
aware that the problem of the Burma Road is the problem
of Chinese defense itself, and conceivably of China's
ability to carry on the war in the futur.
For the same reason, it is taken as axiomatic in
the Far East, that somehow, by one method or another,
British, Americans and Chinese will prevent the Xapanese
from cutting or otherwise closing the road, and bringing
about a Chinese collapse.
What struck me most was the relatively little
attention being given to investigating fundamental means
of lightening the load on the Burma Road. Several such
means exist, on the ground or on pape.
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-
ai,LS11
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-4Ch
1
Thoqtthu Frmmo to my tittottloarwespitt
n) The BurmA RA I1too40, Thl.
Under tho supprVlsidn 11?
traineel Chihoz6 on iwidirf
follows th6 B'm 11cdW41-tWafa
its length, thon duckg solith040WV
Of 111111.10 reachet the BUrtig V14.-AtUr dt Ita44*Ng
turns woJt,arl to tjo tTitre it c*twats with th-
Burmnso lino. Tson Yorw-Al told mo he holoi,-a% t* have
this w'iolo lino open tv the Stpring of 17431 oii at the
latozt in the sumwr. Th n conatruction is 1 t4rtific
tIlsk?uovory tie lnil colts a lifo t, the ChInev)
Tut once complQted it 1,1A.1 M074 or losl solvA-
prohlr,iJ 0 supplying C"ainA--if Chinn canHwait that :Long.
A critirLsm ortrm ileArd is th;At b,/ choosing the shortor
southern route, the constructors hav4 made the railroad
even mor- vulnerable to Japan ege bombing or capture
than the Burma Road itsca.
b) The IFsiakwart-.Chengtu Road. This is an al-
ternate to the eastern hair of the, Burma Road. From
a point southeast of Hsiakwan on the Burma Road it
branches off, curving slowly northward, passes the
Yangtse Rive, reaches an old track and follows it nort
ward through Hweili and Sichang to Luku, bends north-
east to Chukentalv, Loshan and then northward to Cbengt13,.
from wh111 there is a fair road to Chungking and another
northward to Sian and Lanchow. Nobody seemed to know
very much about this road, but Lieutellant Colonel Mcflugh
thought it susceptible of much greater development.
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-
; -
:01
Th4 Ableolv-l'"'
the ShoIl pqaple OM A
from Bham6 04 the ,
great ,iitflaultim:41 td b,
Afet,-%
.ddy
knowloagb to ;JUri4 Wttrtilt4 tdhallt6,
But ac; About porcent th4 gr#44
the Bump Road V7 gasoline AM *Wilt:Nit:
pipe 11n0? it possibIA4 wmild trO#
of space ror oth t tyricis of Oods., 1 betIlitId
schemn Is at presqm examinodo the 1,11144bi
a pipolino q!?xport. i tiid tAl a plt-I if pn-WItt
and considerations o' postwtr trade sihotid 1-5,*! ilowod
to interfere with objeotive Catsideration4
d) Another suggestion or lightening t1(t;Etcl
traffic is the nstatAishmmt of a roguitir airtfv11,
line from Rangoon (or better still, froo,Laill16
Kunming. One of the Pawley Brothers, 1,o, asM1mblip
aircraft for China, insists the -scheme is feasible an
P.
economical and thought perhaps it was going to be tried,
I believe the China Defense Supply very- much wan:,m40:6
a line. But the necessary freight planes were still.
lacking when I talked to Ar. Fawley! in Rangoon, !,
e) A new road from China to India, far to the
north of the Burma Road and!nforevern out oll'Oach of
4,4
the Japanese, is being talked, of. In Chungtc*i.Opnera"
Magruder thought the scheme nimpraoticaI.m
Bt
British from India, like Arthur Moore, the ed#,Orof
the Calcutta Statesman, and P. E. Withant,whow4sbora .
and brought up in Assam,. save quitenopter,i0at4of
? '
Orti
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Thore lg a eArAVA.6,ff00.1.
tiadiy4 In Av.am (the. hi/a4
in Siki4m, ire? whAllh it
And Mrd With-lam proWt4
threq prrIcEinAL rovto
rrot
-
?;t
T
;,roFt-m.tt Ls oertAlr,d4 nett
at moth for Rrolltmr zeal in trylh; ta get
7,
go1n4 f.0 a !Alleq'ul guppIothaa to thA it(U.84 &rid- tbor
blockade running, Ana A possiblt agaitott.4
stoppqr.o. of these IA In C.S,i4 general war in
tho Far Fast, esponiaill the ,Ipasfli would aerUitIy
try to nuke their blockado of China effective and
China main liftaine impassable.
12. I vas in Manil.A. October 2.4 and Wain
Novembi9r 12-14. Ia thoso poriodsI had two 7i-its, with
Admirtll Thomas Hart an with High commissione,r Sayre*
one with General Mac Arthur', commanding the Philippine-
(American?) forces, one with President Quezon; I dined
with Carlos P. Rumulo, the enterprising Philippine
editor, and list--,ned to several American buainessmen
and to the vetran ne,spaper correspondent Walter Robb.
I made no greA effort to ascertain theatate of
Philippine defense:, but rather concentratethe
states of mind of these people. All the Amerieans
agreed as to the fundamental loyalty of-the Filipinos* ,
though Admiral Hart inaisted that we must never forget
that economically and in what might be called. their
"ethnic affinityu,
the Filipinos are closer to the
Japs than they are to us. He seemed disappointed inhis
effort to break th social ice in his relations with them.
?
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-
'await 46mitt44,- otti
44m1t th4A t
r61-1At ptratttepa
tifV.q' n46 W5k F4- ItttNnt..
ovevAtiftm in q1.1 so-U
Idpang his trm:160,4g
1AU propl.F.Anrluleg4
Filipino hpN.-
For
6C -
gf4A1.0.-4.
-ostlgo. In f'
At14t1c poni 9410 hAvo TIOA thAff iddli;WItWatt4;
javano g, I y : 'I* hp A ritvtftit t t:
obtadtvtoly fror tirsti4aliandaC'i
propup"dA .thpy. would tuzIr
dordatiti.
or Amoric:n:-:. And 11,11,11Yal .00,-4 ma -W11
him a fPw dr.yr1 14tor At k&ZI N4rbot-,tbt
?
itrRawnii &ttttorrlfrIng 'Jr"tht,_
brt
of throrlt-cuting whOu vatr startz.
Vmirn 1 Hart is aotalidoratl Ilk
gt
'Ad': Sin al ore-,
as a very ctiousk perhap$ ultracautious ptrialiUs
?
is in any czi se no grin t tt:n rthec BrIttatt,-.:-., At
our second meet Jilt; ho oxp,rossed to fll kddisApproval
of any Americ:kn :-,reeches that could be regarded
Japanese as Pprovocativel since he thinks "they,
up.n I suggested that
only get the Japst
Singapore wt s I,erhaps saved
considered that time was OD oui 'ide:and,t4
to postpone the nprolyCbly inevitable str;t
, .
long as possible. The position of 12:
an advanced zone with few ships at 11 zi
L.y big
word...e
I
S:11
1 4
,obviously unenviable. ,
c ,
_
,
r??
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4
AtO, in
botra,e,
Oetibri,14161tJ
06
ottive..t r3 Ii J
040,:',PWA11,51, or hittiny
-
Wag rttp1 Ly o'mixig rnvOtObl
view of the fundtimim,t81, 1,1ntrttimi6Pt&
domocr,?ALic sltult or tb0: mOP
whom he knovs A?r,41(-74101.11.1 47m
genevA talowd rii4= r-kil:t':
evorythine he disaug,
position of 3tilant X v1
Ic
cloAlext.:,(Ifovem
;
i
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-
? '
?
oot
DtIOVrs tort tit thkesP
Obt66$ tho Utlitod 111-4
tio bite t
t t too
ontint; 1 tspLr to n
woad
olitrric
le 4
ro - al trt 1n 111
The r 41" V it
by' 1)1,4 .11 #.4S 01..it7)447 t Ittit ft A irt p,r4,r 41;,5
vtiirntits- tlt.0. t '811 It I
riopt.ttoitl t he r t:, s rt, 1
*111?41 '4014,
- rik
'1
\
iff:411,6:
Mat L .r t$ t j nc)L;
ttttr,Jta.pri tio):sr t:?1 cytt t.#1' (1;t14? '1114
at CittttrIk: itlf.
low ;17 A i;r 7:0
t 110' 4) rd Or
Gonort no I Ac Ar ttyttt.
heathitm rt; r r,
41:
t n ,ri t, IA long, ..trlie;!:
howl 1r tulf r r et) a 01 Oln
spoke
h tn vr(1.31:11:0 -
lux t r OA 1.1.0
beyond t. hu tt,
10 riA id .
,
r1401torbiA
to61,1.1kt 1dt
,vsot
t
Axis i$ Jztp:,110v, roal intere$
Sot; itself Into .11 im-o$.$11111e, hola,
While Jap.al Iv undor completu
internally and inspired hy,the, a
the entire Far Est, the, natAon ra*:
irsti-e lass 11 oct nythi.oN)T. itAvt
dollar Army thioh h p:Ott:I'
A
I ? -
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
tI;iremt,t14 Iril4f440
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Al=de,
taconotnii- ;Irv' p.--er101,
of Indo ChIn"whvro tho
spit on," 1:1 fIrkough.
quish ag- iQn
portist
should c.ange- saes'
ucceeding in keePin
"the demecraaiesv
be suc es s ful 1 v bl i shed . "
no logic as we knov it li
own position and t'noir oTrn heads it
And if the r,enerals in Tokyo did
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
the ttalood
pluridtr nnti
ma: ilI -$3111,4t.
tun or ti o LctJ
Dor it Hitlar
human fooling. j4poill
world. If Occidontals
not accept this mintioa whicb.
Is right, it Awyco
nTheae peopleln he *iSp
They must persevere to a
or conquer. They are carin
missed the boat in 1940 fro
,.wretched colonizers 4nd.
*t tied to Hitler thoY r,
ror they have so impreGra4ec
bloody philosophy and will to
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
i1,40 r V' :,?tt
%rapt ryi'.)t.ir JA
how t o d 1
thoir homil
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with
c an c wr? t; o
try to conso11 t
aggression and iit until
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
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'nye! t.3) c) tt't tv:11.141$1::
thti D0+,,-notiti Ia. no t, 014
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we ati,5r1t, 0,0:0,c,pia.t.ver,#? ovi
prcvent iji, f'ttr t he: r
0 nitt i 4 no :7 1/3 kra. 1)
strip our Pa'cl f le DEC to a
yt de`
accept war only t; her. Japan, ztre.4,e, ov4f--
defined but never pIeca i shed Un
Or wet till ht r t vio J-4), can ikt
or .right (Sir t..1 e or F4, o bad been
beginning to be t empred by the t"4"i
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Thps havo tugged ,D0 Cltitidat' llth' #4116h-
bordet thug prfwmtirig fitAgAtii ,146104,
going to Eurorpn Thy fl ActeAti to wait
claps rmise Army oan take ooritAtt, rift titd &My
, 1
over th corpse of RfszJA4 If 11112.?,141 in iNtroypti -
collapsed, Amorict? in Jap ey4s, win t'
an nlready bcmtein nation, japrt 01:11 gtIrtt-,
,
_
remainder of the Pussian f6Tae:s mi40.4e
.kontact with Hitler. AingLI11za 1 SaPtll. a#11
turn south and finish off the British$ who. will t#
engaged in the Near and Midi o ay:1> undeterred
by fear of war with the UnIW StaZes4,
Meanwhile, the musteriln or Japalate. zorcav
Indo China is possibly a blurt* intend0 to:; draw Chinese
troops soutImard where they cannot s?Lt the angsiatat
British and Americans will,be restrained by
prudence from trying to save Vladivostok, With ituasia
4,
out, Japan with full German suppart?, 11 try to tatke
mast cry of the region away from Britain ad finish
with China.
The economic sanctions are pressing harder on
heavy industry in Japan than upon the people, but ther
long strain is becoming so unbearable that the moment
is propitious for democratic propaganda within Japan,
not in favor of the anachronistic Conservatives, but
openly in favor of democracy. Wang Pun-son agreed with
the British and Dutch experts that in aiming southward,
the Japs will not be looking for empty regions to colonize
such as Borneo or New Guinea, but seeking, in additionz
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
to vital Vlw mat9ritt:bi t itfttizb
populations as both,: viavo6/4nd notromMoi! tit4WW
woras, thg) japo will WI to'V'ki00044A0
lakiatata (Vital gq0d0) OVIrgin * fd10 Ini440t0b3g044
mastor pqople at ti cortor wolOttO 44404t0 df 404emA
sorf t the pqrlpflo'y
-.?
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conclurqons b4J.sod on my oiw. la,q(19Tricit41 lut.t1t44aittitft (
cont;..ots with thxy fr- Fartt4-111 Are
For prPsr,nt puri,os9s, 4Lm ontiro Ita.o
between Alask and HA?ali *6 t44 Ii;,,gt 4nd A401V1414,$: '
Burma and the .igstorn borddri or cmal, tOi* ovhgrt
direction, r;orall
the Ar' la of %
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
3Incerely yours,
G. Edward Buxton
Acting Director
-,10120/4
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
,
8 Snrit 1945
Col. Porgnn
We halm nottrOind
all possible flies or 038.
nna no Informntton on this
orennizntlon In nvnilnblo.
A ?t.
Snnds
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
.4SV.
The attached lett'r to
Genrel Donovan from, :0
Edgar Hoover, dmted 800-
tembe:i% 2# 194,r Is forwutted
for yaar ixtormtlon pia' for
the preparation of a. Itratt
of reply for the atimatittio
of the Aot1ng Director*
?lease return the attachment
with your drAft of rep1y0
4104624r%
E*I1'.P0,;r0
ft;-;74
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Ntherol, bureau tit Jtivottiostio*
14Initth feolsitto gogortmot Ittottirs
1I?h!I43?O*L I,
(I
e
a
Brigadier Oonnrai u1!liam J. Donovan
Director
Orfico of 3trategio krviitt
25th and E Strnatn,
Wanhington, D. C.
During thn coursis of certain ponding InventUattInm
hoing conduoted by this Raman, correspondenna of TArioux
nubjocta han bean notod with the Dnut4loho Khren tion (lorman
Honor Lotion), Erfurt, Thuringen, Gerwirk7.
The Mon of this Burfeau r411 to contAln any informa
tion concerning thit organization end consequmntly tt 1411 bo
appreciated if you Willma'ote 07811,01e to mt4 Any laormatinn
In your pounecnion regarding thin group.
Ii
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
"
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rer\
AK*
I p, 114
M. J. Ldeur Hoovor
Fedora' Wroau of troNotiantion
UnLtodniatos ;jopArtmtnt or Jklattoo
ktohington, Do (4
Doar Ur
11001mel
;
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itt..411-1
416
In General Dcnovan's absonce I shoul- to
acknowlodae receipt of ?our letter of July- lath artolo4ing
the list of Items desired by omr Far Rata Divisten* La
ehecking with this Divlsion I am told that It will tot be
nocossar7 to put you to the bother of obtaini Xhibit
B.00 at least at this time. tr at * later date Vaery
ohould fea that it le Important tor them to have it* we
will take the liberity of asking you to obtain it for us..
In accordance with your request* the orielnal documants
will be returnod to you aa soon as the Far It Divisiou
lass had an opportunity to stiady them.
In closing 1 should like to thank you agian tor
your kindnes3 in supplyine this material to us. I sza sure
U t will be of very reel intoreat and hape
$1:11Plvea
Sincerely yours*
G. Advard Buxton
Acting Director
CONFID EN TIAL
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
If. .0L.,
?a,
10 July 4Z
Ur* J. dgar Hoover
Federal Bureau of Investigation
United 3tates Department ,:),f Justice
Washingon D*C*
My dear Mr* Hoover:
I in returning herewith the index of articles
found in tho apartment of Walker army Matheson which
you kindly sent to General Donovtn with your letter of
Juno 21st.
The Far East Division of our Research and
Analysis Branch has zone over the exbibits carefully,
and I am enclosing a list or items which we would be
very much interested in obtatning*
I assure you that your cooperation and help-
fulness in this matter is sincerely appreciated*
Very truly yours,
Joha Magruder, Brig* Gen*
Deputy DirectDr, OSS -- Intelligence Service
Enclosures - 2
.4
?
Co
WIDENTIAL
V.-14
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
JUL 9 ISO
r I
I ? , t t f- a
4;?-1. PC..1.44k 4.4 ? 44.44. 11, ?r
OFILICE oP SillotATICCAtie tiOtlACCS
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
Waif L1174.114.11:444.11.Mr44sa4iiiA.Oittat
INTEROPTICE: 1111111040D
Colond J. ForrAn
7111111'3n I. Isani-er
t
", n ti r P0111 t116 A r t Df uvtcd Sa pane
Propaanda Aront
Roner? Chief oC our Far Enst
Diiris ion, has prepareci the a ttachlad 11 st
items vrhi ch his Divis I on would like to examine
ie ho pe a rran r-ement s can be made to have them
loaned to us by the F .13 .I ?
I am returniArlyle Me to you 'ewt
6 :")?
William 1 Larif7, e r
Dl reL.to,,, Branch of
Research and Analysis
Attachments
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
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2011410011 A1.02.E(VMMI AIM
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2 pamphlets ontitied "Dullstin at thy Southern ma* Assoolmtise* Velismor 4
ond # 00 dabo4 Marsh, 1941 owl August* 1,41 ?rsopeotivol,I,
1 bosklst ontitlitid "Wool Gsvornsaftt Ls Javale by SWIM KtRUOtt?
1 pamphlet sAtitIsd "Mobool Diusialian tn Usnohr4Inie,
1 pasphlst ontitlsd ?Opium Adainistrottse Xsoshoultudeo Sorts* 21
"I,
1 pamphlet +entitled "Monshoukuols Aoklity tor 'oho trogitsakism of Naomi AmokIng
doted 1g30,
2IX1IIBIT 04
1 oas pogo martial* frost * 4s1in ntitle4 "Step Osas of this 0*,11
Ushunosktko ULU/0
mallim 001
00.00,0?09,1~MW
tr.
pomphlst orAttlod "A 5snorro1 Viol" of this Prosiont
Japan", Darosu or Roligions* PoporWont st Xdosatios?
*us lituatiomts
UHIBIT 04
A book intitlid "A Brie Eikstsh of to toantumg Osirsraasnt"?
IXHIPIT 004
1 Woo pogo mtmoographod ortiolo esititlod "Amy Loaders
Ablo Mon tn Middle Ranks% by lotsue Oupwara?
1 msgs00,0 ontitlid "Rsdis TOW, 41414 Pibrosry? 19410
Rosa Xyokiii* ths 2roadoasting Oorporstiom of 4span.
Assisted by Mow
publiaha4
r).
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
page 2.
EXHIBIT D.1
')P440ROPTtt
Map of the five rugi Lake* sing Haim* District
trails motor road** moiuntminc* etc.
getdr_road map of the Isu Pemineula* Japan.
EXHIBIT 04
MINIM
Manuscript of subjeotto book entitled *The *hitt Russia's* it
Miscellaneous news clippiAge regarding limit* lbaseismo.
Manuscript of subj&ctos article "I
Manuscript of subject's artiel* *Spying".
Pow entitled "Substitute Industriem Make Rapid Strides in Recout Yeares*
by Isumi Taniguchi.
Paper entitled "Japanese Oultural Ataivitiee Toward Com-trios if
Seas** by Betsuichi Aoki.
EMBIT D.6
Umausoript of a series or six articles written by BUltrek4 TOSILtObik. Chief
of the Par Eastern Section of the Tokyo Michi-Nichi,
Manuscript entitled Nemo on the White %amitosis of Namehuriaw with ammo
notes and news *lipping* attached.
EXHIBIT D006
Excerpt,fron the magazine "Manchuria" dated October 1* 1940* ontitle4
Ando Wens the PUture Home if the site Russians? Iv Taro Itods.
LTHIBIT D-0
Pamphlet entitled "Japanese Abroad" published October* 1940* by the
japans,* Abroad Publishing Oompanr* Tokyo.
' ' VC* tallinr;-..1044 411
;
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420orn-s
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
EXHIBIT 040
Naphlat wntitIod "Harbin* ismai*A try Ninoral Dirworoad or Railway*,
South Man*huria Railway Donpaay;.
e ,.. ? ',:t>s.
s.
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
MriJ4Edgar Hoover
Federal Bureau of Inv ,stigation
United States Departuont k)14 Just1,7:e
Wamaington, DX*
My dear Krolioovert
in Oft:total. Donovan's ttiscporant
absence from the couutry I am adtnowledgint with,
sincere thanks your letter of June 21st atlActrittg
photostatio. copy of ita inddx or it- qus * mar
in possessiou of Walker Ory tathesaa*
Itrita asking Brigadier Gen-tral
Ma, ruder, Deputy Dirctor for all our int-4,i1g ace
branches, to examine the index and 1 am sure he
will find the articles of interest*
1 /mill return thw index as
promptly as possible together with General 41a4ruderfs
indication of furthtir interest in examining the
material involved*
With sinceru thauks for -our
helpfulness, I am,
COPY FOR G./...111.4kMPRIME.R
Gran
tt, NIMENTIAL
,
:11!Irry Respectfully yours
I^ .
GaDV RD BUXTON
Acting Dirtictor
-
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Jobirr ,c)o.ta m.)ovia
()ammo
Nebtrad Ilittrtsu i1 ihntositoattnil
littittil Waits fitpiattrotra Ef look*
illosiongiatt. 0.at.
Brigadier General William J. rnanean
Director of Strategic Serelets
25th and X Street, N.W.
Worthington, D. C.
Dear Bill:
During the inveetigation of Wnikor Iprey Matheeln. whn
han been nentonoed to epree .even yeare in a Tederel Denizen,
tiary for noting as n propaganda ngent for the jenaneee lee-srl-
ment without prior notification to the Seeretnry nf ltatm,
Matheson's anartment in Woehinzton, D. C. was searched by
Bureau Agent?, and a considerable quantity or dormm4rtt4r7
evidence was seized. This material, coneinting of naanserinte.
booke, transcriutn of radio broadcoete, nowepnpor erti-lee
and related item, was uned by gathenon in the nreparatlen
of articles he wrote to be included in the "tilling A.c.44
magazine and, undoubtedly, formed the basis for ether pron.-
aganda work he did on behalf of the Japanese Government.
For this reason, it occurs to ma that the evidence
we seized might be of interest to your organization. and I am
enclosing a photostatic copy of an index of the items seized.
It is suggested that you may desire to have this Index reviewed,
and should you feel that come or all of the articles listed
might be of value to you, and you will so advise me, I shall
be glad to make them available to you.
In any event, will you nlease return the photostatic
copy of the index I have encloned so that it may be referred
to other Government agencies which might also be interested In
this material.
Sincerely yours,
Enclosure
Ii44.14?'?41"" id4idt1:410.-'2?? ??? ;W...1,1411441.14"g'"????-?"...".. '?-??? ? ""?"."4111'..ittE40 1140..."'? ?
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
yiwqrd
1. At trich.,?1 Iin. veln1.7
.rir over.
2. The d )curaen to *la v') ty)nr1
turned over ",o with the ri.q..ezt
that thr) cr!..71nn1s retlxnod to
Hoover n L Ori ao tloy iaie
their 1-01r--)se.
or th
J. R. FORGAN, Colonel, G. S. C.
Assistant Deputy Director, OSS - Intelligence Service
194 6 0
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
? 1
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
?mner?ra 1.4.11.;rawnt,
A
Mrt #7, Edgar 11100Ver
Federal &matt% of Investigation
'United _States Department of lasties
WaghtmTton, D* C.
Dear IV, Hoovert
In General Dnows absenoe# I
should like to acknowledge receipt of your letter
of July 16th enclosing the lit or it. desired
by our Par Bast Divisiori? In obealcing with
t is Division, I am told that it v111 not be
nocemsary to put you to the bother of obtnL
Exhibit B-6s at least at this time*
If at a Later date the Division
should feel that it is important to have it, we
will take the liberty of asking Icia to obtain
it for us.
In accordanos with your request,
the original documents will be returned to you
as soon as the Far East Division has had an
opportunity to study them*
In closingp I should like to thank
you again for your kindwis in supplying this
material to wi I am sure it will be of very
ret4-interest and help*
JR1Posn
Si1cere-14 yours.
a* Edward BUxton
Acting Director
CONFIDENTIAL
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Ur. 3. ifidgar E0011614
FsdirSi Bureau of lxvostigation
United. States Departmelat of :Justice
Washington, D. C.
Dogr Mro Floovert
:En General Donovan., abessnas
should liko to acknowlidge roceipt of your let or
of July lfith enclosins the list of 5,.tomis desired
by our Far Last Divisi?n. la ohesking vith
this Division, am. told that tt v111 not be
necessary to put you to the bother of obtaining
Exhibit B-6, mt loadt at this times
If at a later date the Division
Should feel a:at it is Important to have it, we
will tido the liberty of &slang you to obtain
it for us.
IL accordance with your request,
the original doouments be returned to you
as soon. ad the Far East DiTision has had an
opportunity to study them..
In closing, I Should like to thank
you again for your kindness In supplying this
material to us. I an sure it will be of very
reel interest and help.
Sincerely yours,
JEFImra
Go Edward Buxton
Acting Director
CONFIDENTIAL
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27 CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
Irbtral Sumo of betonesttoo
lintleb Mow etpartnund of Nowt
IlholOngiona S. 1.
JUL 10 1 3
FXRSGNNt
Brigadier Jeneral Willi= J.
Director
Office of Strategic
25th and Y. Streets,
Ilash1n3ton, D.Dear 3i11:
C.
In response to mi 1,t'Pr addrPssed to jou or. ?Pasc, 21, 1143
enclosing a list of articles fount' in thP vartmnnt :A,'
Matheson and suggesting that some of the litratu,-p rs.fprr'
the list might be of intPrest to your organizaton,
General John Magruder, Deputy arector, Intellience
wrote m9 on July 10, 1943, enclosln,: a llst of Vor 10151r-0 b,./
your Far Eastern Division.
Photostatic copies of the fo1lO"i
One three-page mimeographed article entitled "Nrity
Leaders Assisted by .tany Rble 1;.en in kidle Ranks",
by Setsuo Sugawara.
liap of the five Fugi Lakes
shoving railroads, tra.ls,
Mot or road map of the izu
?
Peninsula, Japan.
Manuscript of subject's book entitled "The
Russians of Manchoukuo".
Miscellaneous news clippings regarding
Vih
Manuscript of subject's article "I Spy".
Manuscript of subject's article "Spying".
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
:'apor entitled "SubstItitte Uake, Raptd
3tridps in Rootlet Years", by lzumi Taniglachi.
?ape:- en titled "Jppanmse C41 tural tittl Uc owarl
(;ountrion of South rin:4:1", by Oetaulchl Aoki,
noriem of six a- tclpq written by
dunroku Yoshiokl, Chief the Far Xastern leaVon
of the Tokyo Nicht-Mehl.
Manuscript entitled "mo on the *lite Russtars of
Manchuria" with scrap aotes and news clippings attAchmd.
Excerpt from the magazine "..t.lanchuria" (int"! Octob
1940, entitled "kndo Hsien: The Nturn [.nmg, or the
White Russians" by Taro Itoda.
The original ex;Libi Ls are being
as listed below:
Two pamphlets erAtItled "Bulletin of the Solthern
Sea Association", Volume 4, d3 and #8, dated :::arch,
1941 and August, 1941, respectively.
One booklet entitled "Local Government in Japan"
by Shinzo Kiruchi.
One pamphlet entitled "Schook Education in Manchoukau".
One pamphlet entitled "Opium Administration in
Manchoukou", Series 3, Volume 3, h11.
One pamphlet entitled "Manchoukuols Policy for the
Eradication of Opium Smoking", dated 1039.
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/27: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100420003-5
,
qo
t-x")
One pamphlet entitled "A (leheral View of t'-o Prels,nt
Religious Sitt.4tion in Japan," Fturnau of RelIvions,
Department of Education.
Exhibit C-2
One book entitled "A -qiiet Sketch of the Kwantun
Government."
Exhibit 0-2
Pamphlet entitled "Japamose Abroad" published Ocr,oimr,
1940, by the Jadanese Abroad Publishing Gampany, rokyo.
Exhibit D-10
Pamphlet entitled "Iarbin" issued by Oeneral Directorate
of Railways, South Manchuria Railway Company.
It would be appreciated if you would have the originals
returned to me as soon as they have servec your purposes, an it Ls
anticipated they will have to be returned to Matheson eventually.
Exhibit B-6, a one-page article from a magazine entitled
"Step Sons of the Gaimusho" by Nashunoskike Hckkail was made avail-
aae to the Office of Naval Intelligence in New York .7ity by the New
York Field Division of this Bureau some time ago. If you feel that
this item is of particular interest and will so advise me, I will
communicate with the New York Fie1,1 Division and arrange to have it
sent to Washington and transmitted to you.
Enclosures
Att,
EN
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