CHEMICAL WARFARE EQUIPMENT AND TRAINING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 9, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: January 28, 1957
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
11 ~'i
wag] mh-ll
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
SUBJECT Chemical Warfare Egqipment and DATE DISTR. 28 January 1957
Training
NO. PAGES
REQUIREMENT
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
a report off. chem,cal carfare equipment and training
in the Czechoslovak Armed Forces., Equi,pmerltt described nck-udes both individual and
organisational chemical warfare protective a.)ad decontatiilaa-Q .on equipment, gas 25X1
detection &:rvice, portab1?; and s"katior a flamethx'Qwe--TpS Spi.oke munitions, and a
chemical filling apparatus 25X1
ARMY review completed.
CONFIDENT i.AL
it ARMY NAVY AIR 'y IFBI AEC
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
C~N1=I1)ENTI AL
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS 25X1
Item Jo.
Introduction .............................................. 3
A. CZECHOSLOVAK AND SOVIET CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT
1. Individual Protective Equipment .......................
a. Gas Mask ..........................................
b. Oxygen Breathing Apparatus ........................
c. Light Anti-Chemical Protective Suit ...............
d. Heavy Anti-Chemical Protective Suit ...............
e. Protective Capes .................................. 5
f. Individual Anti-Chemical Contamination Suit ....... 5
g. Gas Detection Kit ................................. 5
2. Organizational Chemical Equipment ..................... 7
a. Decontamination Equipment ......................... 7
b. Flamethrowers ..................................... 9
c. Smoke Munitions ................................... 9
B. MISCELLANEOUS CHEMICAL UNIT ORGANIZATIONAL DATA
1. Chemical Decontamination Company ..................... 11
a. The First Platoon ................................ 11
b. The Second Platoon ............................... 11
c. The Third Platoon ................................ 11
d. The Separate Personal Decontamination Squad ...... 11
2. Separate Stationary Flamethrower Platoon ............. 11
3. Separate Mobile Flamethrower Platoon ................. 12
4. Separate Smoke Platoon ............................... 12
C. MISCELLANEOUS CZECH GAS WARFARE DOCTRINE
1. Types of Chemical Agents ............................. 12
2. Agent Identification Training Data ................... 13
3. Chemical Shell Identification ........................ 13
4. Procedure After Gas Attack ........................... 13
5. Other Anti-Chemical Decontamination Procedures ....... 13
6. Miscellaneous First Aid Protection Data .............. 14
7. Gas Chamber Exercises and Alerts ..................... 14
Annex A: Stationary Flamethrower ........................ 16
Annex B: Smoke-Filling Line 17
CONFIDENTIAL
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
 CZECHOSLOVAK CHEMICAL WARFARE E QVIPMENT AND TRAINING
CON F DENTAL
3
Introduction
This report outlines the information concerning certain.--
items of Czechoslovak chemical warfare equipment, and to a lesser extent proce-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
during a mi]itary training course of annroximately fbiw, years
igh Chemical School in PRAGUE The
course was taught by regular Czechoslovak Army Chemical Service personnel, mostly
officers.
His chemical instruction was in two parts: ( s weekly of in
struction during normal college year for 31 years and (2) Practical
field work during the second summer camp at the e o the as year of school
instruction.
25X1
25X1
25X1
claded an unidentified light and an unidentified heavy anti-chemical-protective
suit, an alleged new unidentified Czechoslovak mask, an alleged Soviet shlem-R
mask, protective capes, an individual decontamination kit, and an unidentified
detection kit, the DK-1, RDP-4S, Komora-Domek, Komora-Jama and Buoelnik--BU-3
decontamination units, several decontamination trucks, flame-throwers, smoke pots
and sprayers.
Potective equipment
some theoretical information on four types of Czechoslovak units:
a Decontamination Company, Portable and Stationary Flame-Thrower Platoons and a
Smoke Platoon.
A. CZECHOSLOVAK AND SOVIET CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT
1. Individual Protective EgRipment
a. Gas Mask
At school ~ group was issued an old standard German WW II type
mask for use during the entire training period of the course
The mask was carried in a metal container. The group
was instructed that this mask would offer protection against all known war gases
and that the canister was good for six hours.
Inside the lid of the carrier were two pairs of celluloid eyepiece
inserts which were used for anti-fogging purposes when wearing the mask. One
set was inserted in the eyepieces of the mask when the mask was issued and the
other set was carried as a spare.
CON F l DENTIAL
25X1
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CON t=IDENT IAI_
4
the instructor told the class that a new unidentified mask
was being manufactured at an unspecified place. It was allegedly being developed
from a pre WW II Czechoslovak mask. The instructor stated that it would consist
of a facepiece, hose, and canister. No further information.
the instructor discussed briefly two types
of Soviet masks, a Shlem-I and a h em-R. The instructor displayed the Shlem-I
but did not have a Shlem-R mask. The instructor stated that the difference
between the two Shlem masks was that the Shlem-R had a cylindrical canister simi-
lar to the canister on the standard WW II German mask. ?
b. Oxygen Breathing Apparatus
class was shown an oxygen
breathing apparatus which they were told could us or protection against
toxic agents when the air did not contain enough oxygen. This apparatus con-
sisted of a metal box which contained a breathing bag, an oxygen container, and a
thin rubber bag containing Calcium Chloride and Calcium Hydroxide (CAC12CA
OH ) and a hose. There was no facepiece w his apparatus.
to use the apparatus the facepiece from tandard issue German mask
was used, with the hose and canister removed. someth had
to be removed from inside the facepiece of the mask.
To operate the apparatus, the hose extanll ,ng out .
or zne a on n crewed into the facepiece, and a valve in the metal
container was turned on. he instructor showed and explained
this apparatus for about ten minutes only and there were no practical dea4onatra-
tions held. Instructions located inside the container of this apparatus were in
German. No further information.
c. Light Anti-Chemical Protective Suit
suit which consisted of high boots and gloves. The
boots were of gray rubber with impregnated linen on the inside. They were re-
inforced with about one inch of very heavy rubber at the soles and fit to the
crotch. Two pieces a ag were attaohod to the top of each boot. The string
was orise-cross-ladet dog`to the knee and tied. The gloves were of black,
two fingered (thumb and forefinger).
rubber-imrregnated cloth material. They w"
After adjusting the gloves, 4 eh fng atteehed to each glove was tied and put
around the wn's neck to prevent the gloves from falling off while he was working
and to allow the wearer to shake the glows "otf" *tter using without totxching them.
This suit was folded a$ was, carried in t thin rubber bag slung "across the
shoulder. Gloves and boots were t discarded after using if contaminated.
Boots and gloves came in one size y. these items
were to be carzied by unidentified chemical reconnaissance squads only. There
were no markings on the boots or gloves. No further information was given on
the using units or the basis of issue of this item.
d. Heavy Anti-Chemical Protective Suit
during regular classes and on one occasion in summer
camp wore an unidentified _4avy anti-chemical suit. This suit consisted of a
one-piece coverall type rubbr suit with an integral hood. The suit was greenish
in color and approximate],,.,.-.half centimeter thick. It had two rows of buttons
with approximately ten buttons in each row., The flap from right to left was
buttoned first, then buttoned lei to right. A pair of heavy rubber boots with
cloth finish on the inside were worn with the suit. The boots fit very tightly
CON RI DENTAL
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
CONFIDENTIAL
5
around the calf of the log and were worn inside the leg of the suit. The gloves
were of black rubber and five fingered. When worn they extended approximately
two inches above the elbow and outside the sleeve of the suit. Only underwedr
was worn under this suit which was uncomfortable. The suit could be worn about
three hours in the winter and about fifteen to thirty minutes in the summer. The
suit was carried in the DK-1 chemical decontamination unit. Ogroup was
told this suit was also to be worn by unidentified decontamination troops only
but no further information was given on these units or the basis of issue of the
suit. There were no markings on the suit, gloves, or boots. The suit was de-
contaminated after use by washing with a bleach slurry and rinsed with water.
e. Protective Capes
During his course,
of anti-chemical protective capes.
group had seen and trained with two types
a protective cape which the instructor told U was
a WW II German protective cape. It was made of a baish paper and slightly
transparent. It could be folded accordion style into a small package. One and
and one side were open. It had to be held closed in windy weather. It was to
be used against liquid spray. The cape was carried clipped to the chest and was
discarded after use. it was an item of standard equipment for
all Czechoslovak soldiers. There were no markings on the cape.
a Czechoslovak manufactured cape started
replacing the German cape It is called "Oehranna Plastenka" (Protective
Cape) and was translucent. The surface of this cape was very slick. The cape
had a hood which was snap fastened under the chin. On one bottom corner was a
stamped cross-swords
25X1
25X1
group received training and instruction on a kit called 25X1
"Individualni protichemicky balicek" (Individual Protective Chemical, Kit). They
were told this kit was of WW II German origin. The kit consisted of 'a metal
flask 10 cm high with a cross-section of 6 x 2 cm. The flask was filled with a 25X1
Hypochlorine solution. A cover over the to lack contained four or six
cotton swabs. Three glass ampoules were in kit. if 25X1
difficulty in breathing developed while we ng a gas mask, one of these ampoules
could be broken and inserted into the facepieee of the mask and would stimulate
breathing. the odor was 25X1
similar to ammonia. some men had these ampoules in their kit
and others did not. A pair of celluloid goggles were in the kit to be worn if
the eyes became irritated when passing through screening smokes. The eyepieces
of the goggles were rimmed with a strip of black cloth. The eyepieces fitted
snugly to the face. A one-piece elastic band with about a two-inch rubber strip
in the back held goggles to the face. No instruction was given on the basis of
issue for the kit.
g. Gas Detection Kit
group had some instruction on an unidentified gas detection
kit which consisted of an air sampling pump, and a metal box 10 x 4 x 15 cm con-
taining glass goo detection tubes approximately eight centimeters long and five
centimeters in"diameter. there were 18 tubes in the box.
Attached under the lid of the box was a co or key. The box was carried on the
belt.
CONFIDENTIAL
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CON FI DENTIAL
6
modern manufacture but it did have unremembered German language instructions).
The pump was approximately nine inches long and one and one-half inches in dia-
meter. Built in one and of the pump was a battery-operated flashlight. At the
end opposite the flashlight was an intake hole approximately eight millimeters
in diameter made to receive a glass testing tube. Around this intake hole were
eight other holes, each approximately five millimeters in diameter. Centered in
each of the eight holes was a steel pin which protruded upward and reached alight-
ly below the edge of the opening. One pin was pointed but the other seven were
blunt. Black, green and yellow stripes on the side of the pump were horizontal
with each hole containing a blunt edged pin
inch ion and one-sixteenth of an inch wide
e pump had a metal clip-along its
side so it could be carried clipped to the equipment carrying strap on the chest.
The tubes carried in the metal box were closed at both ends. A
colored stripe or stripes were painted between the silica jel pad and the reagent
and of the tube. the stripe or stripes were either black,
green, or yellow. n an on one n of each tube was a small compartment or
vial of an unidentified liquid reagent.
to make a test for gas, a tube
was to be selected and the and opposite the reagent was pierced using the cone-
shaped pin located in a hole located on the pump. Next, the tube was pierced at
the reagent end of the pin located in the hole with the color scheme corresponding
to the color scheme on the tube. The breaking of the reagent compartment or vial
allowed the reagent to run into the silica jel pad. The twb.e was then considered
to be ready for a test.
The air sampling pump was metal and dark green in color.
the pump was a German model (not specified whether WW II German or of
To make the test, the tube with the reagent end first would be in-
serted into the center hole (intake) of the pump and the operator would start
pumping the pump handle, taking at least twenty strokes to draw air through the
glass tube.
jel pad.
A positive test for a gas resulted in a color change in the silica
while wearing
the WW II gas mask, made the test against smoke emitted by a smoke pot ( the same
smoke pot which was used for gas chamber exerc.ses). un-
specified chemical reconnaissance troops would also carry an un en a a action
ponder and detection papers. The powder was yellow and would turn to red if it
came in contact with yperite ~must&d) or lewisite.
(The detection paper 61rried had the manufacturer's mark LACHEMA
(located in BRNO). This trademark was on the cover of the book containing
approximately 25 sheets of this detection paper. Each of these 25 sheets was
perforated to form four separate pieces.)
this kit.
No information was given on the using units or basis of issue for
CON Fl DaNirIA L
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
2. Organizational Chemical Equipment
a. Decontamination Equipment
(1) DK-1 Decontamination Unit
During regular school sessions and also during summer camps,
group had instruction on and saw demonstrated a unit described as the
DK-l decontamination unit. It was used to draw decontamination solution from
the tank (in this instance from a 300-500 liter tank mounted on an RN truck)
mounted on the chemical service truck by use of a hand pump and distributed it
through sprayer-type hoses. The unit contained a hand pump with hose attached
which had a filter on the end and was inserted into an outlet valve on the tank,
two discharge hoses 10 meters in length with spray nozzles on the end, and three
additional hoses five meters in length with spray nozzles on the end. Each kit
also had two more lengths of hose, each 2* m long, eight rubber aprons (labora-
tory type), eight one-piece rubber protective suits, heavy anti-chemical, pre-
viously described, and various other spare parts and tools, This equipment was
carried in a large wooden box approximately 105 cm long, 90 cm wide and 70 cm
high. In demonstrations he set used to decontaminate an unspecified
number of items of equipment and vehicles simultaneously. The two 10 m hoses
were used to decontaminate trucks, tanks and artillery pieces. The five-meter
hoses were used to decontaminate rifles, machine guns, and optical equipment.
Two rifle rau cs were net up. Approximately ten rifles per rack were decontamin-
ated at a time using two five-meter hoses. Three tables were set up for decon-
tamination of machine guns and optical equipment. Two five-meter hoses were
used for machine guns and the remaining two for the optical equipment. A suffi-
cient number of metal trays were used to lay the spray nozzle end of hoses in to
prevent dirt getting in them. group was told that this unit should be
readied for operation within ten minutes. No instruction was given on the using
unit, amount of processing, or basis of issue.
(2) RDP-4 S Decontamination Unit 3.
Durin
re
l
h
l
i
d
l
g
gu
ar sc
sess
oo
ons an
a
so during summer camp
group had instruction on and saw demonstrated a unit described as the 25X1
vehicles and equipment.
25X1
it was Soviet. T
he stan and
filling for the apparatus was bleach slurry.
the Soviets had a decontaminant S02CL (called
25X1
by the Soviets) f
or use in RDP-4, used in connection with a ten percent solution
of CCL4.
two RDP-4's on a chemical service truck at camp. 25X1
(3)
"Komora-Domek" Decontamination Unit
group was instructed on and shown a unit called the
"Komora-Domek" which, the group was told, was a Soviet-developed unit. Two
such units were carried on a regular RN truck. Each unit consisted of a pre-
fabricated wooden shed with wall sections three meters high and three meters
wide with the roof in two sections, forming a gable when the shed parts were
taken off the truck and put together. The shed was erected over a previously
dug 3 x 3 x 2 m hole in the ground. The shed walls were joined by hooks at the
corners. There was a doorway in one wall-section. Across the top of each wall-
section were clotheshooks. Sixty overcoats and 100 uniforms could be hung on
the hooks for decontamination at one time. Instructors called this the hot air
method of decontamination of uniform articles contamined with yperite and lewi-
site. Six hours were required for yperite-contaminated articles and four hours
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
CONFIDENTIAL
8
for lewisite. A slanted ditch was dug on two sides of the shed into the hole
underneath, one to add fuel to the fire and the other acting as an exhaust.
(4) Decontamination Unit "Komora-Jama" I
group was also shown a unit called "Komora-Jama" which 25X1
they were told was a Soviet-developed unit. They were told that this unit was
used for decontamination of undergarments, shoes and leather items contaminated
with yperite or lewisite. This unit consisted of a wooden box l+i x 1-x 1 m,
and an ordinary oil drum to be filled with water, a flexible metal hose approxi-
mately two meters long connecting the drum and box. This hose had a coupling
joint which could be separated and a metal container inserted. The unit was
carried on an RN truck. To use this unit a hole was dug to emplace the entire
box. One end of the hose was attached to an inlet valve on the side of the box
and the other end to the drum of water. Items to be decontaminated were placed
in the box and the box covered with earth. A pit was dug for a fireplace so as
to heat the water. For items heavily contaminated with lewisite, a metal con-
tainer was inserted in the flexible hose containing ammonium arbonate powder which
was vaporized and carried into the box icht of could be 25X1
vaporized in the metal container especially for lewisite.
ichtyol as an ingredient of a black ointment by dry distillation of organic matter.
Three hours' time was required for decontamination either for water vapor or
chemical vapor. The instructors stated that 25X1
the Komora-Jama unit was now limited standard because of its primitive nature and I
would be replaced by the Bucelnik-Bu-3.
(5) Bucelnik-Bu-3 Decontamination Unit
group received instruction on and saw demonstrated
still another uni ca a the Bucelnik-Bu-3? .They were told that this unit was
,developed by the Soviets and was resentl ing manufactured at an unmentioned
plant in Czechoslovakia. this unit was replacing a BU-2
decontamination unit. no further in ormation.
The group was told that there would be two of these units per
decontamination squad. It required four or five men to operate each of these
units. The level of these units was not specified.
(6) Decontamination Trucks
group was told by an instructor ~ that two new
unidentified types of decontamination trucks would soon be available for Czech
chemical troops. One truck was known by the abbreviation ACHR, the other by ARS.
Both trucks allegedly had a capacity of 500 liters and would be filled with bleach
slurry, and would be capable of spreading decontaminant in their path. The Czecho-
slovak nomenclature of the abbreviation ACHR is Armadni Chemichy Rozstrikovac
(Army chemical sprayer).
Both trucks were allegedly originally of Soviet design. 4?
class was shown a regular Czech RN truck which had a
300-500 liter tan mounted on the bed. The tank contained a slurry made of
unspecified proportions of chloride of lime. Also carried on the truck were four
barrels of dry chloride of lime, a box containing two rifle stands and three tables
for decontamination of small arms, optical equipment and machine guns.
this type truck at various times transporting one of the following: DK 1,
Komora Dciek, Komora-Jame, or 2 x RPD-4 units.
CONFI aN7IAL
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CON PI DENTIA L_
9
(1) Stationary
group received instruction on a flamethrower called
Stabilni lamenomet stationary flamethrower) used primarily in defense against
tanks (see Annex A). During instruction, flamethrowers were entrenched six at -a
time firmly in the ground with only the powder chamber and discharge nozzle ex-
tending above the surface of the earth. The flamethrower was aimed in a fixed
direction while entrenching. The flamethrower was f'wabout 20 liters of
ordinary oil. The powder chamber assembly also acted as a filling plug. The
powder used in the chamber was a one-piece cylindrical black charge. On top of
the black charge a primer with two lead wires 50 cm in length was placed and
threaded through two holes at the side and to of the chamber to a 21 volt bat-
tery or blasting machine for fir . a blasting machine could be
used) F_ ~A plug was screwed on top of the chamber
holding the primer and black charge in place. The primer would be ignited, which
in turn would ignite the black charge. The resultant gases produced pressure in
the fuel container, which forced the fuel up the pressure tube and out the dis-
charge nozzle. The flamethrower had a range of about 20 meters and was emptied in
one burst. The flamethrower was brought to the firing site filled) if refilling
was necessary the flamethrower was taken to the rear.
(2) Portable 59
Lgroup received instruction on an unidentified portable
flamethrower. It was filled with ordinary oil and had a range of about 25 to 30
girds, the fuel tank was emptied in about five bursts.
this weapon was carried by (sic) infantry troops.
The cartridge used to ignite the rue, in the portable
flamethrower allegedly was the same type cartridge used to ignite the stationary
flamethrower.
c. Smoke Munitions
(1) Smoke Pots
The class was told that it was a
pre-WW Uzech smoke pot. The body of the pot was painted green and the lid blue.
On the outer surface and near the bottom of the pot was the sign of crossed swords.
Centered at the top of the lid was a hole one centimeter in diameter and five
centimeters deep. A wick containing the starting mixture was inserted in the hole
and extended slightly above the top of the pot. A scratcher was drawn across the
top of the wick igniting the starting mixture which burned for approximately, two
minutes before igniting the main filling. the grayish-
white filling consisted of it was referred to as Berger's mixture.
Initial smoke emitted from the pot was white, turning to gray in about two minutes.
Burning time for the main filling was about ten minutes. After igniting the pot,
the lid (which was not otherwise removable) burned and dissipated. However, the
pot itself remained intact throughout the burning of the main filling.
this of could be relocated if desired, mereby by picking it up and
resetting it." group was told this would float on water while burning
after it had burned approximately one-third of the contents. These smoke pots came
in a wooden box, ten smoke pots to a box. There were no markings on the box.
CON F I T CNYI A L
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CONI-I DENTIAL
10
(2) Smoke Sprayers
group also received instructions on an unidentified
portable Czechoslovak smoke sprayer used to spray chlorosulfonic acid. The
sprayer was cylindrical, green in color, 60 cm high and 20 cm in diameter and
had no markings. It was filled with 10 liters of chlorosulfonic acid and charged
with nitrogen to five atmospheres. On top of the sprayer was a three-way valve
used for filling, charging and discharging. Extending outward from the valve
and then downward, the length of the sprayer was a metal discharge pipe to which
four different sized cylindrical discharge nozzles could be attached. The sizes
of the slits in the nozzle openings were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm.
The sprayer could be entrenched in the ground if time permitted.
Otherwise it was set on the surface of the ground. The discharge pipe was pivoted
up and around and pointed in the desired direction of dispersion. A cover was
removed and the valve turned in such a manner as to allow the filling to be re-
leased.
The time required to empty the sprayer depended on what size
nozzle was used. When using the smallest nozzle, fifteen minutes was the approxi-
mate discharge time, and when using the largest nozzle, five minutes was the
approximate discharge time.
The sprayer was filled and charged in the rear area and man-
packed to the site to be used. It was carried by chain straps which fit over
the carrier's shoulder.
The sprayer was filled from a bulk container 75 cm high and
50 cm in diameter by use of a filling line which was attached to an aperture on
the bulk container and sprayer. The filling was accomplished by introducing
pressure (nitrogen) into the bulk container which forced the liquid through the
filling line to the sprayer.
(3) Filling Line
The filling line when attached to the bulk container was in the
form of an inverted "L" (see Annex B). It was made of metal pipe five centimeters
in diameter and 1.5 m long. When the filling line was inserted into the container
it was screwed tight at the bung. Slightly above the bung there was an aperture
to receive a pressure line. Just above this aperture the inside diameter of the
filling line tapered down to three centimeters. This allows for an air chamber
for the incoming pressure to pass down into the container. The pressure line
consisted of a container of nitrogen and a pressure reading scale. At the dis-
charge and of the filling line there was an aperture to receive the sprayer to
be filled. To fill the sprayer, it was attached to the filling line and a valve
located on the staff of the inverted "L" was opened. The bulk container was then
charged with five atmospheres of nitrogen which forces the liquid up the filling
line into the sprayer. when the sprayer was filled to 10
liters, there was a clicking sound at the aperture where the sprayer was attached
to the filling line. The. sprayer was then disconnected and covered immediately.
Men who operated the filling line wore gas masks and the one-piece protective
suits. ?
CDNFI DENTIAL
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
CO NJ F ID J'S1 I A I
11
B. MISCELLANEOUS CHEMICAL UNIT ORGANIZATIONAL DATA
1. Chemical Decontamination Convene
The chemical decontamination company consisted of three platoons and a
separate squad as follows:
a. The First Platoon
The first platoon was known as the terrain decontamination platoon.
It also performed chemical reconnaissance duties. Each platoon had--three squads
and an officer (rank unknown) platoon leader. Each squad had a non-commissioned
officer and three EM. this unit would be equipped in the future 25X1
with the ARS and ACHR decontamination trucks. However, they were equipped with
the Czech PD decontamination truck 25X1
This platoon was charged with the decontamination of vehicles, arms
and equipment. The principal item of equipment used by this platoon was the
RDP-/+ S decontaminating apparatus.
The third platoon was charged with the decontamination of clothing.
This platoon was broken down as follows:
(1) The first squad had a non-commissioned officer, six men and was
equipped with two Komora-Domek apparatuses.
(2) The second squad had a non-commissioned officer and four men.
It had two Komora-Jama units.
(3) The third squad had a non-commissioned officer and four men.
It had two Buchelnik Bu-3 units.
d. The Separate Personnel Decontamination Squad
This squad had a non-commissioned officer and six men. It was re-
sponsible for setting up showers for personal decontamination.
2. Separate Stationary Flamethrower Platoon
The Stationary Flamethrower Platoon consisted of an officer platoon
leader and three squads. The first squad was known as the filling squad and had
a non-commissioned officer and three men. This squad was responsible for the
filling of the Stationary Flamethrower. The second and third squads were called
the Flamethrowers and had six men per squad. These squads carried the filled
flamethrowers to the assigned site and prepalej the flamethrower for igniting.
CDr,JFI J ENTI AL
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CONFIDEN I I AL
12
3. Separate Portable Flamethrower Platoon
(1) The portable flamethrower platoon had an officer platoon leader and
three squads. The first squad had a non-commissioned officer and three men. This 25X1
squad was responsible for the filling of the flamethrowers. The second and third
squads were called the flamethrowers and had a non-commissioned officer and twelve
men each, six of whom operated the flamethrower and six automatic riflemen.
one automatic rifleman accompanied one flamethrower on all missions.
4. Separate Smoke Platoon
The smoke platoon had an officer platoon leader and three squads. The
first squad was the filling squad and had a non-commissioned officer and four men.
This squad was responsible for filling the smoke sprayer. The second and third
squads were called smoke producing squads. These squads had a non-commissioned
officer and six men each. The smoke producing squads were responsible for carry-
ing the smoke sprayer to the assigned site, emplacing it and dispersing the
filled sprayer.
C. MISCELLANEOUS CZECH GAS WARFARE DOCTRINE
1. Types of Chemical Agents
Czech doctrine divided chemical warfare
agents into three categories: Toxic, oke and Flame. All gases were classified
as toxic and were further classified as irritants, vesicants, and choking and
contact gases.
these were further divided into lacrimators
and sternutators. The first named were tear gases often used for training pur-
poses. The
other irritants were vomiting gases such as ams a an c orop er n.
vesicants such as yperite and lewisite were
persistent gases and would stay in the field for more than two days after release.
He as taught that the latter two gases were strictly defensive agents. These
gases would be used to contaminate terrain, buildings and equipment in the event
evacuation of an area were necessary. It was taught that lewisite would linger
in an area for one month in the winter and one week in the summer.
c. Choking Gases
death would result after about six hours if sufficient vapor were inhaled by the
victim. Numbered among these gases were phosgene and diphosgene.
Contact gases such as tabun, sarin and soman were described
as quick-acting gases. Symptoms of their poisoning were unconsciousness followed
CON F I D E NTI A L
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CDN Fl DEN I A L
13
by death in one-half hour. The gas mask was considered adequate protection.
the following gas formulas:
CH3 , CN
`N-P-0-C2h5
CH3 0
CH3 F CH3 CH3
CH-P-O-CH CH3-P-O-C-C`~CH3
It I
CH3
o CH3
The instructor said that all the gases discussed in training
were available for use. ? They would only be used as a retaliatory measure,however.
2. Agent Identification Training Data
All training in the identification of chemical agents with the exception
of the as detection kit in the field was to be conducted through detection of
odors. there was an unidentified sniff
set available within the army or tra n ng
Identification of contact gases would be done by utilizing the gas date c on pump.
Each gas had a certain odor except the contact gases which were odorless, tasteless
Molasses was used to simulate vesicants in training. The molasses came
in barrels with the manufacture's marking "Cukrovar Melnik" (Sugar Factory)
stamped on the barrel.
3. Chemical Shell Identification
artillery- shells and grenades filled with chemical
4. Procedure After Gas Attack
Following a gas attack the senior small unit commander (present, either
squad, platoon or company commander) would be the only one authorized to give
the order to remove masks. A test for gas would be performed by the commander
prior to issuing the order. In testing for gas, the unit commander would crouch
as low to the ground as possible and break the seal of the mask against the face
to permit a small amount of air to enter the facepiece.
5. Other Anti-Chemica]: eoontamination Procedures
For decontamination of terrain, a mixture of chloride and earth or sand
or pure chloride of lime could be spread on the contaminated area if no alternate
routes were available. In the absence of a contaminant, a path would be made over
the contaminated ground using the branches from trees and other foliage. A solu-
tion of chloride of lime and water would be sprayed on rifles, machine guns and
optical equipment. Then they would be washed and oiled.
CON FI DEN I IAL
25X1
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
CON FIDEN T-( A L
14
Bleach slurry would be sprayed on vehicles, tanks, and artillery pieces,
then they would be washed with water and allowed to dry.
Yperite and lewisite were the only gases ever mentioned in all
instruction on decontamination. all units performed their own
decontamination of vehicles, arms, and equipment. However, the decontamination
equipment could be set up by an all decontamination supervised by chemical troops
who were trained in decontamination procedures. They were called Druzstvo pro cdmcuu
Decontamination 3 ad
6. Miscellaneous First Aid Protection Data
the gas mask and protective cape would protect the
wearer in the event of liquid spray of yperite and lewisite. First aid procedures
for yperite and lewisite were the same, a decontaminating solution (60 percent
active chlorine) carried in a metal flask in the individual protective kit would
be poured on the affected areas which would be massaged thoroughly with cotton
7. Gas Chamber Exercises and Alerts
r ticipated in gas chamber exercises once, during the
summer training The exercises were conducted in a permanent type gas
chamber made of wo , ve meters wide, two meters high. It had one window and
one doorway. After the instructor ignited a smoke pot inside the chamber, trainees
would enter holding their breath. Their masks were still in the carriers. After
entering the chamber, the trainees would adjust their masks and remain in the
chamber for ten minutes. After this the students would line up in two ranks fac-
ing each other with about one meter distance between ranks. The men would then
hold their breath and exchange canisters. This exercise was repeated three or
four times, its purpose being to train men to hold their breath. Each an would
then make a test for gas and leave the chamber.
During the gas chamber exercises the window was open to allow the smoke
from the smoke pot to get out of the chamber. no tear gas was
used. Men who had fair complexions developed red spots on exposed skin which in
some cases required medical treatment. The smoke had a very "sticky" (sic) odor
and caused a slight pain to the eyes.
there were no regularly scheduled gas alerts during
two summer periods of training. At various intervals during
training, the men were required to wear masks for certain period of time while
performing their regular duties. During the summer training one surprise
gas alert was conducted. The alert came at night while the men were sleeping. A
smoke pot, the same type as used in the gas chamber exercises was ignited in the
barracks. The men had no definite assigned tasks in the event of a gas alert,
other than maskin getting their steel helmets and rifles and forming outside
the barracks. during this alert there was complete confusion
and the instructor conducting the alert was very dissatisfied.
CO J FI DES i I A L
25X1
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
CON FI DENTIAL
16
Stationary Flamethrower
Basis of Information: Personal observation
Powder Chamber Plug
CONfI DENII AL
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246A032300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
Annex B
Smoke-Filling Line
(Not to scale)
Basis of Information: Personal observation
-..E--- 40 cm - > 1
I ~
Flexible Metal Hose
55 Gallon Drum
75 cm
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5
4e
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/09: CIA-RDP80T00246AO32300250001-5