ACTIVITY AND DEVELOPMENTS AT SELECTED SOVIET SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00913A000100310001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 5, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 1, 1980
• Content Type: REPORT

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13A000100310001-4
Top Secret
basic Imagery Interpretation report
Activity and Developments at Selected
Soviet Space Research Institutes (S)
STRATEGIC WEAPONS INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
BE: Various
USSR
Top Secret
25X1
RCA-09/0033/?5X1
FEBRUARY 1980
Copy 49
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Activity and Develo
Top Secret
pments at Selected Soviet Space Research Institutes
ACIC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0167-5, scale 1:200,000
Shchelkovo Cosmonaut
Training Facility
Moskva Space Research
Facility Tomilino
Moskva Scientific Research
Institute NII Bolshevo 4
Moskva Scientific Research
Institute NII-I
Moskva Institute for
Space Research IKI
Moskva Institute of
Chemical Physics
Academy of Science
Geographic
Coordinates
55-52-33N 038-06-54E
55-34-52N 037-56-31E
55-56-28N 037-50-55E
55-50-50N 037-31-32E
55-39-OON 037-31-42E
55-42-31N 037-34-42E
ABSTRACT
25X1
25X1
1. (TSR) This report describes recent developments at six Soviet space-related research institutes.
Construction at Shchelkovo Cosmonaut Training Facility, Moskva Space Research Facility Tomilino,
Moskva Scientific Research Institute NII Bolshevo 4, and Moskva Scientific Research Institute NII-1
indicated that the Soviets are increasing their capabilities in basic research which has direct application to
their space program. A new, probable neutral bouyancy test/training facility at Shchelkovo will enhance
the capability of this installation to support training and research for the Soviet's manned space flight
program. Moskva Institute for Space Research IKI directs much of the research and development of the
Soviet's unmanned space flight programs. The Moskva Institute of Chemical Physics Academy of Science
emphasizes advanced, theoretical research into propellants which will have a direct impact on future space
launch vehicle and missile propulsion systems.
2. (TSR) This report is based on all applicable KEYHOLE imagery and updates previous NPIC
reports on three of these six facilities on Tomilino, on Bolshevo 4, and 25X1
on NII-1. This is the first basic report describing Shchelkovo Cosmonaut Training Facility,
Moskva Institute for Space Research IKI, and Moskva Institute of Chemical Physics Academy of Science.
The information cutoff date for this report is
3. (U) This report includes a location map, six annotated photographs, and six tables providing
mensural and chronological data.
INTRODUCTION
4. (TSR) The six installations (Figure 1) discussed in this report are involved in basic and applied
research in support of the Soviet space program. Because much of this research was carried out in a
laboratory environment, collateral sources were relied upon to identify the mission or programs of a
particular institute. The large amount of new floorspace added to these installations during the reporting
period indicated that the Soviets are expanding their research support for the space program.
5. (TSR) The current reporting period for three of the six institutes covered by this report was dependent
upon the date of the latest imagery used in the previous NPIC re orts1-3 for each installation. All applicable
KEYHOLE imagery acquired between the earliest date of was used in the 25X1
preparation of this report. This is the first basic report on Shchelkovo Cosmonaut Training Facility, Moskva
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Top Secret RCA-09/0033/79
Category BE No COMIREX NIETB
No (MRN No)
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Top Secret RUFF
Mo 0c)SJC SHCHEL'OV COSMONAUT
y p~mev0 TRAINING ~FACILITV
~.? Zuyevo
MOSKVA SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
NII-'1
MOSKVA INSTITUTE
bF CHEMICAL PHV5IC5 m
a J
50+11 "4
scdiv
Americandb
Dacha V-
MOSKVA
INSTITUTE I Nil BOLSHEVOAC:V
1A1IN'AD
FIGURE 1. LOCATIONS OF SELECTED SOVIET SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTES
Top Secret
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RCA-09/0033/79 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Institute for Space Research IKI, and Moskva Institute of Chemical Physics Academy of Science. The reporting
period was determined by the date that the installations were first identified. The specific reporting dates for
each installation are listed below.
Installation Reporting Period
Shchelkovo
Tomilino
Bolshevo 4
NII-1
IKI
Chemical Physics
Shchelkovo Cosmonaut Training Facility
6. (TSR) The Shchelkovo Cosmonaut Train-
ing Facility is 18 nautical miles (nm) northeast of
the Kremlin, adjacent to the Moscow/Shchelkovo
Airfield Shchelkovo is the prima-
ry training facility for Soviet cosmonauts and con-
sists of a housing and support area and a training
and research area. Shchelkovo, also known as the
Star City, is one of the most open facilities in the
Soviet Union and has been visited by US astro-
nauts, space scientists, and newspaper and maga-
zine correspondents.
7. (TSR) The cosmonauts and their families
live on site. The housing and support area contains
11 apartment buildings, two of which (items 16 and
25, Figure 2 and Table 1) were still under construc-
tion: a kindergarten/nursery (item 19): an interme-
diate school (item 7); and recreation, entertain-
ment, and commercial centers (items 4, 8, and 23)
for use by cosmonauts, support personnel, and
their families. This area also contains a reception/-
administration building (item 1) and a probable
visitors quarters (item 32). The probable visitors
quarters was one of a complex of buildings ob-
served under construction in mid-1973 by a corre-
spondent for a US magazine. At that time the
quarters was reported to be a "hotel and dormitory
complex, on the shore of a new man-made lake, for
US astronauts, technicians and officials" in sup-
port of the joint US-Soviet, Apollo-Soyuz Test
Program.' The completed floorspace of the hous-
ing and support area as of was
109,389 square meters with another 9,702 square
meters under construction.
8. The training and re-
search area contains training equipment and facili-'
ties for general space flight orientation, training
for a specific mission, as well as physical condi-
tioning. Facilities available in the training and
research area include two centrifuges (items 69 and
73d), a Soyuz simulator (item 70), a probable
Salyut simulator (item 81), and a probable neutral
bouyancy test/training facility (item 75).1-' Physi-
cal conditioning and athletic facilities are in the
southeast corner of the training and research area
and include a soccer field encircled by a track,
tennis courts, outdoor basketball courts, and a
probable gymnasium (item 63). A skeet range is in
the north-central portion of the training and re-
search area. The training and research area con-
tains 61,806 square meters of floorspace with an
additional 1,970 square meters under construction.
9. As the Soviet's manned
space flight programs have become more complex,
the preflight training for these programs has be-
come more sophisticated. Prior to the first manned
Soyuz mission in 1967, cosmonaut training was
rather simple and emphasized physical condition-
ing. Yuri Gagarin, the first cosmonaut, received 25X1
less than a month's training in a centrifuge and had
very little simulated training before the flight.'
This training probably took place at Shchelkovo.
As the manned space flight program continued,
new and better equipment was added. The large
centrifuge section (item 73d) constructed between
October 1972 and April 1975 greatly advanced the
Soviet capabilities in this type of training. The
probable Salyut simulator (item 81) was also a
major improvement, and the construction of the
probable neutral bouyancy test/training facility
added a simulation technique not used before at
Shchelkovo.
10. (TSR) Two new foundations which have
been observed recently in the training and research
area are probably intended to be used as training
facilities for future manned space flight missions.
One foundation (item 83) is a circular excavation
with an outer diameter of and an inner 25X1
diameter of Four rectangular excava- 25X1
tions extend from the circular foundation and are
set at 90 degrees from one another; each of these
are approximately The second 25X1
new foundation (item 84) is
No specific function has been associated with this
new construction.
Moskva Space Research Facility Tomilino
11. I I Moskva Space Re- 25X1
search Facility Tomilino is in the suburb of Tomil-
ino, approximately 12 nm southeast of Moscow,
The Tomilino facility is responsible for research,
development, and testing of life-support and safety
equipment for flight personnel and cosmonauts,
including space suits, antigravity suits, and ejection
seats'. The facility has also been involved in experi-
ments investigating the physiological and psycho-
logical effects of space conditions on human be-
ings. The principal facilities available to support
this work at Tomilino include a centrifuge and a
man-rated vacuum chamber installed during 1962
and 1963 which has a reported altitude simulation
capability of 100 kilometers.-
12. (TSR) Between 25X1
floorspace was
a total of 8,117 square meters of 25X1
added to Tomilino (Figure 3 and
Table 2). A storage shed was razed during this
period, and a shop building (item 1), constructed in 25X1
the east end of the facility, replaced an administra-
tion building. Research /laboratory space accounted
(Continued p. 6)
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Top Secret RUFF
Table 5.
Buildings and Structures at Moskva Institute
For Space Research IKI
(Items keyed to Figure 6)
Ik, r
a?~e
:n ,r errvt!r nav,nea TOP 5
CCES I
RC IF
Dimensions
Floorspace"
Item
Function
(m)
(sq m)
Comments
L
W
H
Table 4,
I
Research/operations
bldg
403
18
52
116,064
16 stories
Construction at Moskva Scientific Research
2
Prob computer bldg
21
21
II
441
Institute NI!-!
3
Prob computer bldg
21
21
II
441
4
Prob computer bldg
21
21
12
441
(Items keyed to Figure 5)
S
Prob computer bldg
21
21
12
441
This ruble m is esurers rs crass{Rea TOP SECRET RCFF
6
Support bldg
10
6
4
60
7
Support bldg
12
5
3
60
Dimensions
Floorspace? First Seen
8
Support bldg
10
4
4
40
Item Function (m)
L W H
(sq m) Ucon Complete
Comments
9
Support bldg
32
13
4
339
Irreg; overall
di
i
I Research/lab bldg - - -
3,626 Jul 76
Aug 78
10
Storage bldg
4
4
3
6
mens g
ven
a Lab sect 49 18 II
764)
(1
Irreg; overall dimens
,
given; 2 stories
11
Shop bldg
54
19
Il
1,539
Southeast half
b Lab sect 49 13 IS
(1,274)
Irreg; overall dimens
of bldg is 2 stories
given; 2 stories
12
Storage bldg
20
7
5
140
Southeast half of
e Support sect 49 6 II
(588)
2 stories
bldg is 2 stories
2 Storage bldg 51 6 1
306 -
Feb 18
Complete when first
observed
13
Storage bldg
42
9
4
368
Irreg; overall
3 Storage bldg 12 8 S
96 -
Jul 76
Complete when first
dimens given
observed
14
Prob research bldg
55
55
II
3,025
4 Storage bldg 17 6 6
102 -
Jul 76
Complete when first
15
Utility bldg
55
55
II
3,025
observed
16
Storage bldg
46
13
3
598
5 Storage bldg 12 6 4
12 -
Jul 76
Complete when first
observed
17
Cooling towers
No floorspace given
6 Prob propellant
378 Apr 77
Jun 78
18
Storage bldg
14
6
5
84
handling bldg
19
Storage bldg
31
13
7
403
a Support sect 9 6 5
(54)
20
Storage bldg
30
13
6
390
b Operations sect 15 9 1
(270)
2 stories
21
Support bldg
13
10
8
130
c Support sect 9 6 5
(54)
1 . Test cell addition
29 12 II
336 Nov 76
Jul 77
Irreg; overall
22
Prob research bldg
-
-
-
3,132
dimens given
a
Shop sect
54
20
10
(1,080)
b
Labor sect
54
20
10
(1
080)
Total Iloorspace added
4,916
,
Less foorspace razed
3,064
c
Support sect
54
18
10
(972)
Net floorspace added
1,852
Tota
l Ilo
orspace
131,177
*Nuntbens in parenthesis are not included in total l1oorspae
'Num
bers
in parenthesis are vii neluded in total flocrvpace
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 itor US microwave communications and radars.
IKI is also reported to have been involved in a
classified program to install infrared detectors on
Soviet military satellites.'
Moskva Institute of Chemical Physics
Academy of Science
24, (TSR) The Moskva Institute of Chemical
Physics Academy of Science is on the south bank
of the Moskva river in the city of Moscow on both
sides of Vorobyevskoye Shosse (street). The 39,335
square meters of floorspace at the institute are
contained in 15 buildings (Figure 7 and Table 6).
Another 10,213 square meters of floorspace will be
added when the research/laboratory building cur-
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Top Secret RUFF
rently under construction (item 16) is complete.
25. OThe Institute of Chemical
Physics is reportedly involved in theoretical re-
search into high-energy liquid and solid prop-
ellants. Personnel at the institute are involved in
combustion studies of perchlorate and nitrate com-
pounds including ammonium and potassium per-
chlorate, ammonium nitrate, and high-energy addi-
tives such as RDX and HMX. Investigations into
combustion instability and the synthesis of metallic
solid-propellant additives are also being carried
out at the institute. These basic research programs
will have direct impact on propulsion systems for
future space and missile systems, 10 "
Table 6.
Buildings and Structures at Moskva Institute
of Chemical Physics Academy of Science
(Items keyed to Figure 7)
I u, ,rive 117 u, i'rmlet e 1, "/as,14ed IOP SRC Rf I RC I I
Dimensions
Floorspace*
L
(m)
W"
H
(sq m)
Comments
I
Research/lab bldg
-
10,728
a
Research/lab sect
38
I8
19
(2,736)
4 stories
b
Research/lab sect
41
18
15
(2,133)
3 stories: irreg
overall dimens given
54
18
15
(2,835)
3 stories; irreg
overall dimens given
d
Research/lab sect
28
18
15
(1,512)
3 stories
e
Research/lab sect
30
18
15
(1,512)
3 stories; irreg
overall dimens given
2
Research/lab bldg
10,350
a
Research/lab sect
41
18
19
(2,844)
4 stories;
overall dmens given
b
Research/lab sect
81
18
15
(3,699)
3 stories: irreg
overall dimens given
c
Research/lab sect
54
18
15
(2,241)
3 stories; irreg
overall dimens given
d
Research/lab sect
34
18
15
(1,566)
3 stories;
irreg overall dimens given
3
Support bldg
-
-
-
211
a
Support sect
14
7
4
(98)
b
Operations sect
14
7
6
(98)
c
Tower
5
3
8
(15)
4
Support bldg
-
-
-
397
a
Loading dock
15
5
4
(75)
b
Storage sect
23
14
5
(322)
5
Research/lab bldg
-
-
-
7.606
a
Research/lab sect
31m diam
24
(3,421)
4 stories
b
Research/lab sect
27
8
4
(216)
c
Support sect
25
11
7
(550)
2 stories
d
Research; lab sect
21
15
19
(945)
3 stories
e
Research) lab sect
30
8
7
(480)
2 stories
f
Research/lab sect
27
11
7
(594)
2 stories
g
Support sect
26
14
8
(728)
2 stories
h
Research/lab sect
28
12
7
(672)
2 stories
6
Storage bldg
-
-
-
419
a
Storage sect
29
7
4
(203)
b
Support sect
9
8
4
(72)
c
Support sect
16
9
4
(144)
7
Apartment bldg
61
15
14
2,745
3 stories
8
Lab bldg
24
15
8
720
2 stories
9
Lab bldg
24
15
8
720
2 stories
10
Storage bldg
15
11
4
165
11
Storage bldg
10
8
5
80
12
Admin/engr bldg
64
12
8
1,536
2 stories
13
Support bldg
-
-
-
-114
a
Support sect
31
18
6
(558)
b
Support sect
13
12
5
(156)
14
Research/lab bldg
-
-
-
2,674
a
Research/lab sect
79
15
7
(1,185)
2 stories
b
Research/lab sect
33
14
11
(462)
3 stories
c
Support sect
27
23
12
(621)
3 stories
d
Research/ lab sect
29
14
11
(406)
2 stories
15
Research/lab bldg
18
15
12
270
2 stories
16
Research/lab bldg
-
-
-
(10,213)
Bldg ucon; first
a
Support sect
diam 8m
6
(25)
observed ucon Jun 1975
b
Research/ lab sect
33
16
14
(1,584)
3 stories
c
Support sect
20
16
5
(320)
d
Research/lab sect
33
16
14
(1,584)
3 stories
e
Support sect
20
16
5
(320)
r
Research; lab sect
33
16
14
(1,584)
3 stories
g
Support sect
20
16
5
(320)
h
Admin sect
21
13
23
(1,092)
4 stories
i
Research/lab sect
47
18
22
(3,384)
4 stories
Total floorspace
Top Secret
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Top Secret RUFF
was used in the preparation of this
MAPS OR CHARTS
ACIC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0167-5, scale 1:200,000 (UNCLASSIFIED)
DOCUMENTS
2. NPIC.
SECR
AEDC/AFSC.
Sep 77 (TOP S
"Soviet Space Center Being Expanded," Donald C.
73, pp 18-21 (UNCLASSIFIED)
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
2bAl
25X1
25X1
Center ''Star Village," Sep 72 (TOP SECRET
25X1
25X1
25X1
CIA. CR M 77-11415. Institute of Space Research rIKI), 29 Mar 77 (UNCLASSIFIED)
9. CIAO SI WR 79-013JX, (SSR: Research Crider Way to Develop Satellite COMI.AT Capability 25X1
1C,VFi, 26 Mar 79 (TOP SECRET= 25X1
10. AFSC. F33657-74-C-0007, PHS-I15-75-1, Liquid Propellant
People's Republic of China tLi, Jul 75 (SECRET 25X1
11. DIA/FTD. DST-1850S-008-79. Solid-Propellant Tech nolugti-Foreign IL ), 16 Apr 79 (SECRETF-1 25X1.
COMIREX J02
Project 290061 DJ
9;'0050/70, Moskva Space Research Facility Tomilino, Apr 70 (TOP SECRET
(S) Comments and queries regarding this report are welcome, They may be directed to
Soviet Strategic Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
25X1
LZDAI
25X1
25X1
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