68TH ARMY, SHENYANG MILITARY REGION, CHINA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T01355A000100060001-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 8, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 1, 1980
• Content Type: REPORT

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Imagery analysis report
68th Army, Shenyang Military Region,
China
Top Secret
Top Secret
w 25X1
IAR-0071 /80
JUNE 1980 25X1
copy 16 7
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68TH ARMY, SHENYANG MILITARY REGION, CHINA
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1. 1 This report discusses the 68th Army of the People's Liberation Army in the Shenyang 25X1
Military Region, China. It describes the physical and functional changes to facilities observed on imagery
acquired during calendar year 1979. It also presents an analysis of the installations considered to be
organic to the 68th Army. Interim National Basic Reference Graphics published in 1978 by CIA/OIA on
the 68th Army were used as the point of reference for analyzing functional associations of the facilities.
2. (U) This report contains one location map, four organizational charts, seven annotated photo-
graphs, and one table.
3. ~ The 68th Army' is one of six armies of the Shenyang Military Region (MR) in northeast- 25X1
ern China (Figure 1). It was formed in November 1947 from the 6th Column, which consisted of the 16th,
17th, and 18th Brigades in Hebei Province. During the revolution, the 68th Army took part in several
battles in Shanxi Province. It remained in Shanxi until 1950, when it returned to Hebei. During the
Korean conflict, the Army, near Yangdok, was under heavy attack by the United Nations Command
Forces.
After
the Korean
war,
the 68th Army
again
returned to northern
China.
4 I
The 68th Army is currently quartered in 20 installations dispersed along the northeastern
border
of Jilin Province from the area surrounding the provincial capital of Jilin to the small town of
Tumen
on the North Korean border. The major orientation of the Army is east to west, with the threat
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orientation toward both the North Korean border and the Soviet border. The topography of the region is
hilly to mountainous with peaks of the Lung-kang-shan Mountains ranging between 2,000 and 6,000 feet
above sea level. Several large- and medium-sized rivers flow through the area. Most of the installations
associated with this army are near major railroad towns along the Changchun-Tumen rail line. Three
major airfields also serve the area: Jilin/Ertaizi Airfield Jiaohe Airfield 25X1
and Yanji Airfield South 25X1
5. Similar to most armies in China, the 68th Army consists of an army headquarters, army- 25X1
level support units, and three infantry divisions. The Army headquarters and its subordinate units, at Jilin,
are housed in three installations; the 202nd Infantry Division, also at Jilin, is quartered in six installations:
the 203rd Infantry Division, centered around Jiaohe, is housed in five installations: and the 204th Infantry
Division, at Yanji, is housed in six installations (Figure 2).
6. Coverage of most of the targets associated with this army was sparse but adequate durin 25X1
the 1979 calendar year. There were frames covering 15 targets and eight passes from 25X1
covering 24 targets. Three targets were imaged on Imagery of the Xinzhan Army Barracks AL- 25X1
I, Jiaohe Army Barracks North AL-2, and Jiaohe Army Barracks East, all in the 203rd Infantry Division,
wereF_~or less or cloud covered; consequently, these targets were not adequately monitored in 1979. 25X1
68th Army Headquarters and Army-Level Support Units
7. The 68th Army headquarters and its subordinate units (Figure 3) consist of a headquar- 25X1
ters facility, a motor transport battalion, a probable antiaircraft artillery (AAA) regiment, an artillery
regiment, and a possible engineer battalion (Table 1).
8. ( The headquarters facility, the motor transport battalion, and the probable AAA regi- 25X1
ment are at Jilin Headquarters Army and Barracks AL-1 on the southwestern edge of Jilin city. The
headquarters and the motor transport unit have not undergone any significant changes since publication
of the interim National Basic Reference Graphics (NBRGs).' On imagery of October 1979, an AAA unit
with twelve 37MM antiaircraft (AA) guns and nine ZPUs was newly identified immediately west of the
motor transport unit (Figure 4). This new unit partially fulfills the requirement for an army-level AAA
regiment to be located at or near the army headquarters facility. Usually such a regiment has twenty-four
57MM AA guns, eighteen 37mm AA guns, and six ZPU-4. No 57MM guns have been identified, as yet,
while three more than the usual complement of six ZPUs were seen; however, more than adequate
vehicle/equipment storage space is available.
9. The artillery regiment for the 68th Army headquarters is still housed at Shuanghezhen 25X1
Army Barracks AL-1, about 25 nautical miles (nm) southwest of Jilin. This installation houses the artillery
regiment headquarters and three gun or gun/howitzer battalions. Sufficient field artillery was identified at
this installation during 1979, to indicate that the three battalions were still present. The interim NBRG'
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Top Secret RUFF
NINGS!4
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"Ha-mi
SINKIANG
INNER
KANSU
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Ha aerh SHENYANG
MILITARY
REGION
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FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF SHENYANG MILITARY REGION AND 68TH ARMY, CHINA
reported that one area of the installation houses a multiple rocket launcher (MRL) battalion; however, the
last identification of MRLs was on when eight possible MRLs were observed. It is not
likely that MRLs are still stationed here, but it is more likely that they are housed at Jilin Army Barracks
Southwest AL-3, 22 nm to the northeast. A full MRL battalion has been seen periodically at Jilin Army
Barracks Southwest AL-3 since September 1977. This battalion may be the same unit formerly housed at
Shuanghezhen Army Barracks AL-1.
10. The interim NBRG3 indicates that Jilin Army Barracks Southwest AL-3 houses an
engineer battalion (ponton bridge). However, engineer equipment was only reported at this barracks on E
when one probable TPP was identified, and, on when nine confirmed KMM
were seen. Although adequate vehicle storage space is available, this facility may no longer house a ponton
bridge unit. As of late 1979, the previously identified KMM and TPP may possibly he associated with the
independent unit at Jilin Ponton Bridge Regiment and Barracks AL-4 4 nm north of
Jilin. Several barracks and vehicle storage buildings were newly completed in the former training area in
the western portion of Jilin Southwest AL-3.
11. The AAA unit at Dafengman Defensive Area is reported by DIA as being attached to
the 68th Army headquarters.' However, this unit is probably an independent AAA unit deployed for the
protection of the large dam and hydroelectric powerplant on the Sungari River, 5 nm southeast of Jilin.
The arrangement of the guns into eight AAA sites, four on each side of the river, also seems to indicate
that this is its main function.
202nd Infantry Division
12. The 202nd Infantry Division (Figure 5) is housed in six installations clustered around
Jilin. It consists of an infantry division headquarters, an artillery regiment, a motor transport battalion,
and three infantry regiments. The location of a tank regiment and an AAA battalion normally associated
with a People's Liberation Army infantry division has not been identified. Evidence of an engineer
battalion usually associated with an infantry division has not been observed.
13. The infantry division headquarters, Jilin Headquarters Infantry Division and Barracks
AL-2, is adjacent to the 68th Army headquarters in southwestern Jilin. The only change since the publica-
tion of the interim NBRG3 has been the addition of nine quarters buildings along the eastern edge of the
facility. No significant order-of-battle (OB) has been observed at this installation.
9 x1
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68th
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 Platoon
Battalion
Regiment
Brigade
Division
Corps
Army
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Top Secret RUFF
Multiple-rocket
launcher
PONTON
BRIDGE
18 TPP/LPP
2 BMK 90/150
18 100mm FG
12122mm How
FIGURE 3. POSTULATED STRUCTURE OF THE 681h ARMY HEADQUARTERS LISTING PRIMARY UNITS CONFIRMED BY PHOTINT
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14. ~ The artillery regiment for the 202nd Infantry Division is still housed at Jilin Southwest-
ern Army Barracks AL-9, situated on the southwestern edge of the city. Equipment for part of a gun
battalion and part of two howitzer battalions and a mortar battalion was seen in 1979. Twelve new
barracks have been added to the facility since the date of the interim NBRG.3
15. The motor transport battalion for the 202nd Infantry Division is probably housed at
Xingshanling Army Barracks AL-1 (Figure 6), approximately 20 nm southwest of Jilin. Between 25 and 50
cargo trucks have been seen at this facility. The only change at this installation has been the completion of
a large administration building. No interim NBRG has been prepared on this installation.
16. 0 The three infantry regiments associated with this division are at Jilin Army Barracks
AL-6 and Jilin Army Barracks Northwest AL-1, both on the western edge of Jilin, and at Xiyang Army
Barracks AL-1, 15 nm southwest of Jilin. There has been extensive construction at Jilin Army Barracks
AL-6 since the publication of the interim NBRG, increasing the housing capacity of the installation
significantly (Figure 7). Of the four areas contained in this facility, two of those housing infantry battal-
ions have been completely rebuilt and have approximately doubled in size. The size of the third battalion
area remains unchanged. Two vehicle storage buildings have also been added in the headquarters area of
the infantry regiment at Jilin AL-6. The remaining two infantry regiments attached to this division have
not changed significantly since the interim NBRGs.
17. (TSR The location of a tank regiment for this division has not been identified on imagery.
However, on elements of a tank battalion were seen in a field exercise at Chundenghe Armor
Training Area, 14 nm south-southwest of Jilin. This training area was imaged only twice during 1979,
before the normal field training period began. This armor is probably housed elsewhere since there are no
facilities for the storage of vehicles or enough housing available for troops at Chundenghe Training Area.
18. The location of the AAA battalion for the 202nd Infantry Division has also not been
identified on imagery. Elements of an AAA battalion were seen on at Wulajie AAA
Barracks Area Southeast, 10 nm north of Jilin; however, none has been observed there since that date. The
size of this installation and the lack of sufficient storage indicate that this facility is probably not military
associated.
PONTON
BRIDGE
1 202
203
1177 204
Unid 1 ? 117
* Not observed on imagery
** Not confirmed from imagery
The organization listed is based on PHO TINT
and shows the presupposed 08 for those units.
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203rd Infantry Division
19. Units of the 203rd Infantry Division (Figure 8) are housed in five installations centered 25X1
around Jiaohe, about 50 nm east of Jilin. The division consists of a headquarters, a possible engineer
battalion, an artillery regiment, a tank/assault gun regiment, three infantry regiments, and a possible
AAA battalion.
20. (TSR) The infantry division headquarters, Jiaohe Headquarters Division and Army Barracks
AL-1, is in the center of Jiaohe. In 1979, the installation was covered only once on imagery of better than
Since the publication of the interim NBRG,3 several new barracks and vehicle storage 25X1
buildings have been built. Elements of the engineer battalion reportedly housed at this installation have
not been seen since however, adequate vehicle storage space is available.
The artillery regiment for the 203rd Division-consisting of a gun, a howitzer, and a
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mortar battalion-is housed at Jiaohe Army Barracks North AL-2. Although the mortar battalion was not
observed during 1979, it was probably in the covered storage structure. An MRL battalion normally seen
with an artillery regiment has not been observed with the 203rd Division. The tank/assault gun regiment is
probably still housed at Jiaohe AL-2. Only four armored vehicles were seen at this installation on imagery
of the date of the only coverage during 1979. Vehicle storage sufficient to house the 25X1
regiment exists at this facility.
22. (TSR) Of the three facilities housing the infantry regiments associated with this division, only
one, Jiaohe Army Barracks South AL-3, is in Jiaohe. Dunhua Army Barracks AL-1 is about 50 nm to the
southeast and Xinzhan Army Barracks AL-1 is about 15 nm to the north. Dunhua Army Barracks is the
only facility imaged more than once in 1979. Extensive construction was in progress at this facility which
appears to have almost doubled in size (Figure 9). In 1979, Xinzhan Army Barracks was covered once, on
The interim NBRG3 for the infantry regiment at Xinzhan Army Barracks delineates an 25X1
area for the headquarters unit and all three infantry battalions (Figure 10). However, NPIC believes that
this area is 40 percent civilian and that only one infantry battalion and the headquarters unit are housed in
the remaining area. The other battalions are probably housed in two nearby areas, one approximately 1
nm north and the other 2 nm southeast. At Jiaohe Army Barracks South AL-3, no significant changes were
observed on imagery of 25X1
23. The AAA battalion for this division is possibly housed at Jiaohe Army Barracks East, 25X1
but no equipment has been seen here since Although adequate vehicle/equipment 25X1
storage space is present, no indications of military activity were discernible.
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^ Battalion
Ff~ Regiment
Brigade
Division
EnCorps
M Army
? Infantry
Antiaircraft
artillery
0
Artillery
Multiple-rocket
FIR L
24 122mm How
18 85/100mm FG
* * ^ 407
The organization listed is based On PHO TINT
and shows the presupposed 0B for those units.
604
805
606
* Not observed on imagery
**Not confirmed from imagery
604,605,606
*
MG
6 ZPU-4
18 ZPU-2
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204th Infantry Division
24. The 204th Infantry Division (Figure 11) is housed in six installations centered around 25X1
Yanji, near the North Korean border, and about 150 nm east of Jilin. It consists of an infantry division
headquarters, an artillery regiment, an engineer (ponton bridge) battalion, an AAA battalion, and three
infantry regiments. The location for a tank regiment, which is usually associated with an Army division,
has not been identified.
25. (TSR) The artillery regiment for this division is housed at Erdaokou Army Barracks, approxi-
mately 6 nm north of the small town of Erdaokou and about 20 nm west of Yanji. Evidence of the mortar
battalion and two gun/howitzer battalions was seen in 1979. No significant structural changes have
occurred in the facility since the date of the interim NBRG.
26. The engineer battalion for the 204th Division is housed at Yanji Army Barracks North- 25X1
northeast AL-2 where ponton bridge equipment has been observed periodically since May 1976. A full
complement of 18 LPP/TPPs, however, has not been seen, but sufficient vehicle storage space is available.
27. (TSR) The AAA battalion associated with this division is housed in an area immediately adja-
cent to and west of the engineer battalion at Yanji Army Barracks North-northeast AL-2 (Figure 12). Only
37MM AA guns and ZPUs have been observed in this area since May 1976. Fifteen 37MM guns and nine
ZPUs were identified on imagery of 25X1
28. (TSR) The three infantry regiments associated with this division are housed at Helung Army
Barracks AL-1, approximately 15 nm southwest of Yanji, Yanji-Hsien Army Barracks (formerly Lung-
ching-tsun Army Barracks West AL-1), about 15 nm west-southwest of Yanji, and Tumen Army Barracks
Northeast AL-l, about 10 nm east of Yanji on the North Korean border. No significant changes have been
observed at the Tumen Army Barracks and Helung Army Barracks since the latest NBRGs.' The three
areas housing the infantry battalions at Yanji-Hsien Army Barracks have been enlarged and reconstructed
(Figure 13). Previously, all three battalion areas were similar in size and shape; each consisted of five
barracks and one messhall. The dining areas of each of the messhalls and several barracks have been razed
in each area and new barracks have been built, doubling the size of each area. One of the battalion areas
may possibly include a larger area than is delineated by the interim NBRG' as several probable barracks
are beyond the southwest corner of the easternmost area. The fourth area, housing the headquarters unit,
has remained unchanged.
29. (TSR) Although the location of the tank regiment probably attached to this division has not
been identified on imagery, 21 medium tanks were seen on at Sandaowan Military Tent 25X1
Camp, 15 nm northwest of Yanji. The camp does not include any permanent buildings and has been
completely abandoned.
IMAGERY ANALYST'S SUMMARY/COMMENTS
30. 0 Armor is almost completely absent from the 68th Army. Of the three installations
reported to house possible tank regiments, the only armored vehicles identified in 1979 were at Jiaohe
Army Barracks North AL-2 in the 203rd Infantry Division. The other two targets where tank units have
been seen appear to have only been temporary training areas.
31. 0 Five different installations have housed AAA units attached to the 68th Army. Two of
these installations (Wulajieh AAA Barracks Area Southeast in the 202nd Division and Jiaohe Army
Barracks East in the 203rd Division) do not appear to be military related and AAA equipment has not
been observed there for several years. The Dafengman Defensive Area near the 68th Army headquarters
contains a probable independent AAA unit mainly for the protection of the adjacent dam and hydroelec-
tric powerplant. The only two facilities where AAA units have definitely been associated with the 68th
Army units are Jilin Headquarters Army and Barracks Area AL-I and Yanji Army Barracks North-
northeast AL-2 in the 204th Division.
32. (TSR) The artillery and infantry regiments appear to be basically complete and present at the
specified installations. Complete complements of the artillery, however, were not always observed at all of
the facilities, but more than adequate covered storage was available at most installations. The facilities at
many of the infantry regiments were expanded during the period of this report.
33. 0 Engineer units (ponton bridge battalions) are subordinated3 to each of the three infan-
try divisions and to the army headquarters unit. Only at Yanji Army Barracks North-northeast AL-2,
however, were elements of a ponton bridge battalion seen in 1979.
34. The units in Table I followed by an "X" are the ones believed by NPIC to be currrently
attached to the 68th Army. Those with no mark are not considered organic to the army. All units listed are
main force units.
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Battalion
LJ Regiment
n Brigade
F"IlDivision
EnCorps
r n Army
0
RL
IHQI
I-
12122mm How
18 85/100mm FG
12 120/160mm Mortar
Motor transport
Infantry
Tank
Antiaircraft
artillery
Engineer
Artillery
Multiple-rocket
launcher
607
08
609
III
483 I_ 408
O
The organization listed is based on PHO TINT
and shows the presupposed OB for those units.
* Not observed on imagery
**Not confirmed from imagery
HQI IHQ
78 Type 59 Tank
FIGURE B. POSTULATED STRUCTURE OF THE 203NO INFANTRY DIVISION LISTING PRIMARY UNITS CONFIRMED BY PHOTINT
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6 ZPU? 4
18 ZPU-2
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Battalion ?Infantry
Ft Regiment
Brigade
FmIlDivision
FnCorps
rn Army
C
Antiaircraft
artillery
D-D
Rl
Artillery
Multiple-rocket
launcher
12 22mm How
18 85/100mm FG
12 120/160mm Mortar
610,611,612
(HQI
* RL
6 2PU4
18 2PU2
m
18 TPPILPP Pontons
2 BMK 9/150 Power boat
09
1837mmAAGun
FIGURE 11. POSTULATED STRUCTURE OF THE 204TH INFANTRY DIVISION LISTING PRIMARY UNITS CONFIRMED BY PHOTINT
HQ
610
611
612
The organization listed is based on PHO TINT
and shows the presupposed OB for those units.
Not observed on imagery
** Not confirmed from imagery
409 ^ 484
Hi
HQ
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Top Secret R U F F I
Table 1. Units Associated with the 68th Army
68th Army Headquarters Unit
(This table in its entirety is classified TOP SECRET RUF~
Units
Believed Latest OB
Numerical
Designator
Type
Unit
(by NPIC) to and Date
be Organic
68TH ARMY HEADQUARTERS AND ARMY LEVEL SUPPORT UNITS
1 Jilin Hq Army and
43-49-19N
0068
Inf
Army Hq
X 1 CT, 1 bus
B ks Area AL-1
126-29141 E
0006
MT
Unit
X 22 CT
0219
AAA
Regt
X 12 37mm AA, 9 ZPU,
18 37mm AAA, 24 57MM
6C~
9 ZPU-4/2
43-28-59 N
12-122MM gun, 12-152MM
126-08-01 E
How, 21-MRL, 18 100MM
FG
0048
Ptn
Bn
2 powerboat, 9KMM, 18
Unid
MRL
Bn
X
TPP
43142-06N
24 57MM AA, 18 37MM
126-41-25E
AA 6 ZPU-4
202ND INFANTRY DIVISION
5 Jilin Hq Inf Div and
43-49-21N
Bks A L-2
126-29-42E
6 Chun-teng-ho **Armor
43-39-35N
80 type 59, 14 APC
Training Area
126-26-15E
637MMAA,5ARV
18 37MM AA, 24 57MM
AA 9 ZPUs
43-49-14N
X 19 How, 5 FG, 12FA
24 122MM How, 18
126-28-29E
42 CT
MRL, 1885MM 100
MM FG
9 Xingshanling Army Bks
43-34-37N
A L-1
126-18-47E
10 Jilin Army Bks AL-6
43-48-32N
43-36-19N
126-17-13E
43-56-47N
126-27-31 E
203RD INFANTRY DIVISION
13 JiaoheHgInfDiv and
43-43-36N
0203
Inf
Div Hq
Army Bks AL-1
127-20-50E
0049
Ptn
Bn
2 powerboats, 18 TPP
14 Jiaohe Army Bks N AL-2
43-44-42N
0408
Tk
Regt
4 poss AV
14M-1967, 80 type-59
0483
Arty
Regt
12 How, 11 FA
12 122MM How, 12
160MM Mort
21 MRL 1885/100MM
0141
AAA
Bn
None discernible
18 37MM AAA, 24 57MM
127-22-02E
AAA 9 ZPU-2
0607
Inf
Regt
X 12 FA, 19 CT
127-20-25E
0608
Inf
Regt
None discernible
204TH INFANTRY DIVISION
19 Yanji Hq Inf Div and 42-53-20N
Army Bks Cent AL-1 129-30-OOE
20 Sandaowan Mil Tent Camp 43-04-45N
42-54-54N
129-30-49E
0039 Ptn Bn X 2 powerboats, 7 ptn
0211 AAA Regt X sects 15 37 MM AAA,
23 Yanji-Xian Army Bks
(formerly Lung-ching-
tsun Army Bks W AL-1)
APC
ARV
AV
CT
42-48-31 N
129-04-18E
42-45-42N
129-2341 E
42-58-12N
129-51-07E
42-33-32N
129-00-45E
Armored Personnel Carrier
Armored Recovery Vehicle
Armored Vehicle
Cargo Truck
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN TABLE 1
DEF Defensive HOW Howitzer
FA Field Artillery MORT Mortar
FG Field Gun MRL Multiple Rocket Launcher
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80 type 59 Tk, 14 APC
6 37MM AAA, 5 ARV
2 Powerboats, 18 TPP
18 37MM AAA, 24
57MM AAA 9 ZPU
12 122MM How,
12 160MM mortar 21
MRL, 18 85MM FG,
18 100MM FG
MT Motor Transport
PTN Ponton
TK Tank
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may have moved
to Jilin Army Bks SW AL-3
16 18 MRL seen here
periodically since
(1 KMM and
9 TPP)
Prob independent/Unit
for defense of dam and
powerplant
prob only
Extensive construction
since NBRG; housing
capacity has increased
significantly
since
Armor training facilities
present, but tank Regt has
never been seen; mortar
not seen in 1979
field gun
No AAA reported
here since
NBRG does not include
2 separate Bn areas
Extensive construction
noted; facility is almost
doubled in size
21 med tanks were seen
here, one time only, on
Camp has
now been completely
Interim NBRG shows
only ptn. Full ptn
btn never seen new
AAA regt is adjacent
to ptn
Extensive construction
has occurred. The three
bn areas have
approximately doubled
in size
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Top Secret RUFF
(TSR) All applicable KEYHOLE imagery acquired through
preparation of this report.
3. CIA/OIA. IS 78-10128J, Imagery Analysis Memorandum: Unit Analysis of the 68th Army,
Shenyang Military Region, China, 26 May 78 (TOP SECRET[=
4. DIA. DDB-1100-201-79-SI, SI-271322/79, Combined Ground Order-of-Battle (GOB) China (CH) (U), Aug 79
(TOP SECRET
RELATED DOCUMENT
DIA. DDB-1100-209-79, Tables of Organization and Equipment (TOE), People's Republic of China (PRCA) (U),
Sep 79 (SECRET)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/08: CIA-RDP80T01355A000100060001-1
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Top Secret
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/08: CIA-RDP80T01355A000100060001-1