1. AVIATION IN THE SOVIET ARCTIC 2. AIR ROUTES AND BASES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R002300070002-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 1, 1998
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: January 27, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY USt (Arctic)
INFORMATION REPORT
SUBJECT 1. Aviation in the Soviet Arctic
2. Air Routes and Based
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SUPPLEMENT T
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Aev~,ej9MRjnt of the Soviet Arctic A y r
1. The development of the Arctic air network of the Soviet Union, which
`dailyr assumes increasing significance, has either paralleled or preceded
3.
The Arctic Institute of Leningrad, working in close cooperation with
Osoaviaklhim, had 300 airplanes for 'scientific exploration of the Arctic,
some of which were quite large. The Institute also had. five semi-rigid
rigibles of the VT-l1 type. In 1937, the Arctic Institute together
STATE M
ARMY AV lr
and four in process. It oirted but. X04 tons of fr~~._ar~d
00 passengers anavaiiy.
the industrial development of the Arctic. At the present time, uWW
problems involved in the establishment of this network have not been
esolved. Ground 'facilities are still far from perfection; even though
ecially constructed planes give satisfactory performances, the planes
hich have come off mass production assembly lines frequently break
down and cannot readily be repaired. The accident rate in this area
is probably..' #Ler than in any other region in the world.
In 1938, there was only one single air route crossing the oontinenta-:L.,
This ran from Leningrad to Arkhangel, .. i tTet Usa, Novy'fort, Igark$;
Tikes, Ambarchik, and Anadyr. This Was a commercial line which re-
quired nine days to complete the entire trip. It was closely linked
with-the great Trans-Siberian line from Moscow to Vladivostok. The
links were as follows.: Sverdlovsk to Novy Port, Krasnoyarsk to Igarka.,
Irkutsk to Tikes, and'Tkpiteki (ale; Irkutsk ?) to Ambarchik.
The line had 25 planes in 1938, 12 airports completely constructed,
Glaveevmorpat (Chief Administration of Northern Sea Routes) at that
time had 156 reconnaissance planes, 20 airfields which could be used
in all seasons, sometimes jointly with the commercial line, 53 aik-
fields which could. be used only from July to October, 56 naval aviation
bases, and a number of meteorological posts. In 1937, its total flight
time was 15,000 hours.
0soaviakhim put in 22,000 hours of flight time.
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The rather optimistic figures of official bureaus for these lines at
this time were misleading in the picture they created of the condition
of the Arctic air network. The commercial line until 1941 functioned
only in the most sporadic manner. Seventeen accidents occurred on this
line in the year 1938; two planes were stranded at Ttksl, where they
could not be repaired. In October 1948 (sic; probably 1938) a large
three-motor plane, immobilized at ,Ambarchik because of a faulty car-
buretor, was completely destroyed in the course of two weeks by rough
weather. This incident provoked an investigation which led to the
shooting of 40 persons and the deportation of 150 others for life.
These dif icultiee, however, did not discourage the Soviet authorities.
who allotted very large budgets for the development of Arctic aviation.
7. In 1938. two factories were constructed at Sverdlovsk and Magadan which
were to specialize in the construction of planes to be used in the Arctic.
The plan called for an annual production of 500 planes at Sverdlovsk and
250 at Magadan. In 1939, when the Nazi-Soviet pact entered Into effect,
300 German technicians were employed at Sverdlovsk.
8. In 1938, Soviet military air forces in the polar regions consisted of
three brigades. Bach brigade was composed of three groups of 30 planes
each. There was a reserve of 150 planes for the three brigades. In
addition, there was one-half of a brigade of semi-rig-.1d dirigibles.
State oS So+rlet .Arctic Aviation as 9X-1 1
9. In 1945, a restricted publication of the Soviet Arctic Administration
(sic) estimated the total number of civilian and military planes under
its jurisdiction as 3,500, of which about 1,000 were four-motored and,7
more-than, 200 six-motored. In addition there were 0 semi-ri d
dirigibles and 250 meteorological balloons. Total personnel assigned
to this duty equaled 120,000, of which more than half were deportees.
25X1A6a 0 Jpment: These figures appear to be highly a erated.)
o.ar av a ion was under the administration of five agencies:
a. ?Uoflot: Commercial aviation is under the jurisdiction of
Aeroflot. Its responsibility consists of linking 1.) Buropean
Russia with the Par Bast following the line of the Arctic
coast and 2.) various stations along the Arctic coast with
points in the interior of the continent.
up Pr the Great North.
b. glavsavmorat: Glavaevmorput is administered by Aeroflot. For
further details, see paragraph 36 below.
c. Leningrad Arctic Institute: Yaploratory arctic investigation
is carried out by' the Leningrad Arctic Institute. Its duties
consist of widening Soviet knowledge of polar regions, ex-
ploring now regions, and studying all the possibilities opened
the direction of amy agency but the MYA.) Its tasks include
the control of deportation regions, the maintenance of order,
and the transporting of deportee manpower to areas where
there is a need for this type of labor force.
09990JA: It is extremely unlikely that GUMZ would. a? er
orat g . GW4Z aviation, according to so
the administration of the Leningrad Institute.
d. : C : It is not known which MI) direct-
e. it Air_ Forces of the S!y,iek_4 : The duties of the
military air forces in the Arctic include the defense of the
USSR in case of attack from the north and the conducting of
investigations and studies with a view toward eventual Soviet
offensive operations to be initiated from Soviet polar bases
on the Bure-Asiatic continent.
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GomtMa+ al Line of the Soviet Arctic
10. The commercial air line, Aeroflot, an official agency of the Soviet
Government, is often used for purposes which can not be regarded as
strictly commercial. But, since the agency is nominally.a commercial
air line, it is convenient to consider it from this point of view. It
should be noted that official Soviet literature has been altogether
silent regarding details of the Arctic air routes. Soviet propaganda,
both internal and external, has, on the contrary, boasted of the
existence of an extensive air network in the polar regions. Probably
the true picture resembles what little information may be gleaned from
official figures rather than the highly exaggerated propaganda claims.
11. It is estimated that there are about 2,5 lines in the Arctic network.
The fields which are linked by these networks v from those which
are well-equipped and completely installed to others which are almost
altogether inadequate. Moreover, the airplaneslin use vary from
ultra-modern to obsolete and unsafe. On some lines, a rigid time
schedule is observed. On others, the time table exists only on paper.
12. The commercial Arctic air network of the Soviet ;Union may be said to
cover that part of the continent north of the sixtieth parallel.
Administratively, this network has its center iMoscow with sub-
sidiary headquarters at Arkhangel, Rory Port, YEkutsk, Magadan, and
possibly also at Khatanga and Ambarchik. There 'ore three lines which
do not belong to the Arctic system of administration but which com-
plement it and must be considered in the picture.6 These three lines
have a regular time-table and run at frequent intervals.
Irkmtzk lau tid"hita-Paylovich-Sla~aveshchenWo-X ab.arovek -
adivostok: This Is the Trans-Siberian line, a particularly
important system in Soviet air comrmunioationso
b. Noeco,enin ad-Petrozavodek-airovsk-M rma4~sk: This is a daily
flight. The run from Leningrad to Merman s especially im-
portant.
c. Moscow-Lenin ad-One -Arkda el: This line runs regularly
three times a wee 1c.
13. The following lines are actually part of the Soviet Arctic network:
a. The longest line and the primary artery of the network links
Moscow to Anadyr, passing through Kotlas-Ust Ukhta Novy Port-
Igarka-Hhatanga-Tiksi-Ambarohik and Markovo. Its original
course was from Igarks. to Tikei without a stop and from Tikei
to Markovo without a stop. This became a regular line in
February 1940. At that time it required from nine to eleven
days to complete the flight. Today, according to official
time-tables, it is done in four days. Moreover, it is planned
to cut this time eventually to 55 hours. In 1946. there was
daily service on this line, according to time-tables. Actually,
the flight was undertaken about every three or four days.
Although the four-motor planes. Nos. SSR-H-183 (sic: N -183
and N-184 gave good performance, there were maw' delays because
of inadequate lighting.and signal facilities at the airfields.
The process of obtaining clearance for landings and take-offs
took a great deal of time. This line had 12 accidents in 1943.
Ice conditions or inadequate markings of airfields were the
chief causes.
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b. ' second important arctic air artery links Moscow to Vladivostok,
following the course Kotl.as-Tyutinak (sic: Tu inski ?) -S? 'ovOA
Yakutsk_lomsomolek-'Vlac11TOatok. Flights on this line are Bch
more frequent and regular than flights on the line described. In
paragraph a. above. ?-utinsk anti Samarovo have a common airfield
which is located at the southern boundary of a large deportation
zone known alternately as the Omsk or Obekaya Guba zoned
field is under the direct administration of Gi M D. between
Tyutinek-Samarovo and Yakutsk the regular flights make two stops
which are not always the same. The first is made at either
Yeniseisk or Podlameniye (sic ?), the second at Vilyulak or
Olokminaak. This line was initiated in 1945. The planes used at
he
that time were four-motored types delivered to the US have
US as part of the lend-lease program. They appeared
poor defrosting systems. Since that time, the Soviets have tried
to use slat-motored (sic) planes constructed in Sverdlovsk. The
Soviets have improved arsi modernized the fields to receive these
larger planes and have achieved surprising results in safety and
regularity on those flights. Occasionally, these large planes
do not stop between Sa rovo and Yakutsk.
c. Another important line on a weekly schedule runs as follows:
Onoga_Eotlas-SykV1 .bakovsk (sic) - Tyutinsk-4Samarovo-
gassok (sic) -To ask-Yovosibirek-Stalinsk. The section from
tiusk Samarovo to Stalinsk has three runs wee10y. The planes
generally used for these flights are two--motored, twelve passenger
types.
14. In the Arctic air network, only these three lines (described above In
paragraphs 2a, b, and a) have any regularity in their schedules. All
the others. with the possible exceptions of the Xrasnoya a ickson
and the Vladivostok Nagu n lines. are very irregular. Sometimes
traffic on these lines is hear, and at other times it is very light.
15. a Supposedly a t ice"w a * service. This line has
an alternative, khs l-Onega-Kotlae-S' , which does not
operate regularly except when the G functionaries require It.
16. ~SiZ'.o~ersk~1 a Supposedly a weekly
1-11&t, but actually from 3 otisa on it is a branch of the lines
jo.oscow-Anad.yr and Moecor Vladivostok via Yakutsk.
17. ` ti' " Feu 6~nea~e zaa~ei _XQ - D ~ Although no official
mention of the existence of this line may be found. it is never
thelese known to exist. It is served 4 an unusual types of four-
motor piano of Aeroflot, but eeeme to carry out no commercial flights.
It transports high officials and technicians. The number of flights
per week is not known.
16. S oTek-I oTS Part t ~ .1 L a? Suppotsedly a weekly flight.
Xargaa is
19. ,: _~s .k" vo?l o Port- t a a
'Vety Important Soviet Army headquarters. on then r hens.. `lasorskgya,
at the jMet,on of the Gb and the Tan Is also ass important military
center where several of von Seydlitme staff officers were brought in
the Amer of 1945 in great secrecy. It is probable that this line
actually exists and is used for.the transport of Military passengers.
20. p mid Tara has one of the la rgeast screening centars for deportees
in the entire GUMZ administration. It provides deportoes for the
region of the Obsksya Guba as well as for the `f th, 9th. and 25th de-
portation zones. Tara has an airport under the direct control all GM.
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21. ova aa$cs3 s hod a c~nn I,arIm- on Duds Ako
s is - . -ne i.o line actually carries out commercial operations, listing the
rich basin of the Yenisei with the large center of Irasnoyartk. It
is plannei. to run a daily schedule on this route in 191+9. The air-
fields o asnoyar&, 1 r~m, Dudins.cye,and. Dickson were so good
in 1945 ',hat even by that time there was a regular service three
times a week with additional flights from time to time. The planes
used wore four-motor types made in Sverdlovsk.
22, y 's3m~rrsk-~cir vi Y a a~m~ supposedly a weekly flight-
23. QSjtj, Nordttik~ k is This line is a local alternate of the
a r %ark' artery Miosco .Axaadyz. It appears to operate once a week
in the summer months.
24. ; rarn?saa,~ar,T~RSt $t~t~lioelaibe~X ~ An old commercial line which, In
the past, has run on a tri- eekly basis. It is planned to prat this
line on a daily basis in 19149.
25, E nAa a7.M 'eve a ,also called Ardtyk (sic)
end Cheyntek (rice Ch ekeya 71 ryaaka seems to be the lo-
cation of a now heavy industry combine. As in the case of the lines
mentioned above-in paragraphs 16, 17. and 18, this line appears to
be for officials and Soviet ArW persosntel.
26. k'eekesffiraesl I bland : Flight once every ten days or whenever special
military or scientific needs arise.
2?. bar9 vsl-8lel sandroate S Bch .1 ~0kha~Pc~trapavlovs a o information.
28. o .. p ..o s ?Nik 1 k: No information.
29 ? ,; 9 r ~~bsaronsN Momsomolsk-I t Very heavy traffic on this
line. It runs on a tri-weekly basis or, when the need is greater, on
a daily basis. It uses four-motor planes built atiadan.
30. .E a rkovo~ lv~ e Zolyuchinsk is an important screening
center of GUM. The air roue was recently brought into service.
It serves both G MZ and Soviet military personnel.
31. an'caIit In 1945, this line was shown on a Soviet
air map as planned for bi-weekly operation beginning in 1947.
32. d. The isn ormation in paragraph 25 above also
applies to this route.
33. C~Z.eeet~eo~, See paragraphs
25 and 31 above.
34.' There are probably three other lines in the Soviet Arctic air net-
work, since a Soviet publication of 1946 spoke of 25 different routes.
To date, it has not been possible to Identify the remaining, three
lines. It is quite likely that one of them links Murr irk and Anderma
and that another links the ,northern. continental coast with; Bovey'a
Zemlya and Franz Joseph hand.
35. In 1945, Soviet commercial aviation in the Arctic used a total of
4,50 planes, of which 250 were planes of the line. According to
official figures, the network covered a total of 50,000 kms. Total
flight time for the year was 300,000 hours; 4"t,000 passengers and
)3,000 tons of freight were transported. These official figures
have not been confirmed.
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The task of this a en y is the maintenance of security for all Soviet
Arctic navigation. This involves the reconnaissance of ice formations.
the opening up by bombing of paasa ess in ice floes and the assistance
of ships Caught in the ice. Three principal types of planes are used
for these operations., polar reconnaissance planes, bombers and traffic
port planes. nae juently, 'Glavsevmorput calls on military units for
the use of bombers. ':he tr4-Aeportss in-use by this agency are obooloto
types whose numbers are SSR-a--169 (SSR - Nd -169 T), 11-170, and N4171.
In 1938, Glavsev aorpu.t had 20 land planes usable in any season and 53
planes which could be used only from July to October.
37. The following is a list of airfields used by Glavsevmorput:
abarchik
Anabarsk
Anadyr
Anderma
Bal.agan
Be uchav
Bol sshs ya (Indigorka ?)
Bolohaya Cuba
Bulun
Oharbarova (Khabarova?)
Ohollyuskin
Dickson
atan, a
Ro ly uchinssk
Colyruiyev Island
casino (Novaya Zemlya)
Igakov IBland.
Y-neadan
Maze:.
)urmaansk
NizhnaVa Pesha
Nordvik '
Hovy Port
Peveko
Providenalye
Paste erssk
Taimyr k
Mel
Ferlchnoye Pyassino
White Island (probably in the
Kara Sea)
Wrangel Island
Yakutsk
field at the mouth of the Gyda
Toainskaya
38. In 1945, Oalavoevmorpat had more than 300 planes and put In more than
30-D000 hours of flight time.
The Institute of Arctic Aviation.
39.
Th:ls a Bens , which is primarily concerned With scientific eaperimen
ta'ion and exploration, uses reconnaissance planes, frequently of the
la';ost model., and transports. Some of the reconnaissance, planes display
the prize awarded to the Institute. It is estimated that the number of
planes used by this agency totals 400.
10h:-ra,1t_e ksf ics f Airk e d racl
Thore are in the USSR more than 200 polar airfields, i.e., fields
lo..-.? ated north of the eaxtiet paralla `?iaag li st includes
n.'47 abut one cuarter of t M total. Comment ? It ohoeuld
e noted that not all of the fields lia e n oaf are actually north of
this sixtieth parallel.)
~ a At Onega there is a large :iaa.a-
port which appears to be
completely ruined. The airstrip, more than a kilometer in
length. in not kept in Good repair. The marking of the field
is inadequate. There are four hangars in very bad condition,
each capable of bolding seven bi-motor transports. Barracks
serve as administration offices. A well-equipped repair shop
bed been finished in 1941, but by 1945 there were no tools or
equipment left. An Important stock of oil was stored under-
ground at this field during the Initial stages of the war, but
it is not knoaern if this oil is still thero. Oda is an i.a
portant terminus and a stop on the line from M=maasnk to Port
Dickson. :The Soviets seem to attach ?a:at importance to
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W:As r.oorlvy L .intaa.ned airfield and to its rather liultod traffic..
111-at 3s FWAy f$ eqa,.eat D (N ) purges have sent personnel charged
I4th eabotago fx'om this airfield to concentration camps. There nwe
never more than ten planes a day at On? ga.
I izq1: phis field has only moderate transport traffic, bat
thera: are a large member of reconnaissance and pursuit planes.
The approachesa to the field are well ceded. The d1monsionr of
the field are approximaatei 3.p km by 1 km. Only two hangars are
Visible. Zo? rce believes there meat be underground h&iagare. iLn
au average of 100 take-offs and as marq landinos were ob
sorvddd In the ca f se of a d?7.
x_?z a J 4e2en ha6 an airfield se an kilometers from the port on
'Who ri, it bank off the river of the same nano. The airfield corp'
ex et of a limitless fl !- t platoon. More are five barracks, a
a r r~ and a- :re z tir shop on the north side of t ho field. Oon-
atruotion work on s er? ound, and f leld markings was
begu; ; in 1943 bu`, left r , 'lni shed the following year. The repair
ohop, able to rol?sir planes which have been only alt atly dama, ode
Sr. riot of ay ? real signi. ,cane. Oi.l. Is brought 17 boat from
`a'ki~an eel. b' t oft an in insufficient gjvAaatIt1es to satisfy the
neeclo of the fie` 1. .~s traffiea, parti. larly that of commercial
pIauos and plaxnosa of Gl; rsermorpmt, lo lie =,tad. :fin, certain
seasonno, early Jiino and late August, there are large numbers of
milita planes t ;'aich r;op at Uozen either heading toward or
cumin from the north. In 19J450 iesen was slated to become on
ii ortant c,_ =tar :nor e:scaorl-raentation in cedar. it is not known
if thin project was, oarrw'i.e"d out.
:jDj 5q . Vacs f.gelid in located, abra:.t three ;d-2ometers z.nland
from the li. htbouq- o at :wain Noe. The airfield was constructed
by the Arctic Insa;itute of Leningrad. It is an important base
for ? s .entlZic e 4r:beasl tical c. Source has no details on its to
:3tal' atiou? . It as exe-octaad that at this field there would be
elone cooperatiog..n between the arctic Institute and the Armaments
?Iiaai. s t~e,y .
as? t "pry ?' k ~ is airfield is located five kilometers from a
o of the same ne o. It liar, a meteorological
station and a ra .o. This field,, ore of the oldeet serving the
nor h.ern air routo, is well- situated at the foot of aomo oma?r
,~`lll e abo it 200 a: r tens ;rare sdhtch. shelter it from the northeast
rinds. It ssoa4il0, - poar to serves net. oialy Ol a se orput but other
air c,e:vicess as ~11:R f'llong the lo:aoth of the mountain wall
there are ahcu o !enty hangars btdit in the mountain. Thare are
adags at,s repair ss'?ops acid ten snow pyowa. On the west eider Of
Vas I'lo d ies a concrete building, hTining the administration
ofict c of the field. ..; o overall atron, h of poraon: e3. at the
iue-U..H l,atioaa is .500. l e field ii -sell marked, and there are
four , stsa of powea':'ui esarchli. ta. The aaproaohos to the aim
field are well gZuxded by the HVD awl, by electrified barbed 4f3.re.
in 19F` 2R LV1r%r: ai?an and 3 stontan dopertees constructed in the
rock !iall of mou.i:,r;ednsa which borde e the field an normous
ro??o oir for ascli eR is reservoir is capable of holding
0 000 (ale) tone; of gaco9 ine. It is impossiblo? to estimate the
m-aoun ~ of traffic, at this based but St certainly may be said that
the f s old z ?i a of rntficoi#t one. Ml the mountainous region hetwoc.-a
the Peesba "'veer eo..~ the west and the Pechora Jtivexr on the east is
in tka Awocess of ba wng tzansforated into a, : oviet ray atroaa aold.
here has been rib sxp rimentaatlon ~--ith gaided missilos in t==hi_s
aov_ ?non erablc tractors and milita trucks follow the route
loag the right 'Sank of the : eshp. to the sea.
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f. Kolt*ev Yeland: Saactly two kilometers vest of Pugrina on the
southern. coast of the island In located a field which serves
Glaveevmorpit. No other information.
&Ijass At Kotlae there is a large field operated by Aeroflot but
used by the Arry and GUNZ as well. Installations include six
large wooden hangars, a repair shop, 500 meters of personnel
barracks, and a distribution point for provisions for more ad-
vanced bases. Significant air traffic of planes of all types
has been observed here. On the edge of the field large hangars
and concrete buildings were began in 1945. This construction
was intended to replace older structures. The construction
should have been finished by now.
h. Szb A stop for Aeroflot.
I. k. T l The Ust Usa field is used by Aeroflot, GM., and by
military authorities. Traffic is fairly heavy. The field is
well guarded. It is located about 12 kilometers south of the
railway line and is surrounded by forests.
J. Fustozereke This is a small airfield without good markings.
Its rough landing surface has caused a number of accidents.
Aside from a regular line which goes to Xotlas and Moscow,
Pstozersk has considerable traffic in reconnaissance planers
of Glavsevmorput. There is no repair shop here.
k. Yesirr ska~rs e A small field of Glaveevmorput.
1, Uasino, U r 2?, era; Here there is a Glavsevmorput airfield.
It appears to be a very important military field with heavy
traffic.
Pa. ham, y?da Small emergency landing field for Glavaevmorput
reconnaissance planes.
n. . A small airfield need by reconnaissance and rescue
planes of Glavsevmorput and by reconnaissance planes of the
Arctic Institute is located at Anderma. There is very little
traffic, and almost all of it' occurs during
the summer seasons.
There appears to be in the vicinity of Anderma,about thirty
kilometers in the interiors a large military airfield, for in
this region there is considerable activity of fighters and
heavy bombers. Since the end of the war, there have also been
parachute exercises is this region.
0. ite It l : A small airfield of Glavsevmorput is located on
the north shore of White Island. No other information.
p. N? asses known: On the southern shore of a small lake on the
l'amal peninsula at about 70 degrees north and 70 degrees east
Is a very important military field, the base station of a
regiment of bomber pilots and a brigade of parachutists. It
would appear to be a field of GUMZ. Its traffic is very important.
q. 7Tov Port: There are two fields upstream on the Ob from Novy Port.
Thegr are about three or four kilometers apart. The field nearer
to Novy Port is administered by Glavsevmorput and Aeroflot. It
has relatively modern installations, notably a terminal with a
hotel and restaurant. Also there are a repair shop, a good
take--off strip, snoweiplows, and five wooden burs. Traffic
averages 10 to 3,5 planes,per day. The field In protected by
a tight cordon of MVD guards. Passengers on the Par Bastern
flights are not allowed to leave the airfiold,'even though
the planes stop sometimes for as much as twelve hours. The
other airfield., an Array field, is very modern. All installations,
hangars, repair shops, etc.,_ are underground. It is possible
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that there I. even an underground factory (or shop T) here.
Near the field is a military amp where the men live in nuA
huts. In July 1946, there were about 50 military' planes in-
cluding 20 heavy four-motor bombers and 30 fighter planes*
r. Mouth of the lla_ra: Small airfield for reconnaissance planes.
No other information.
S. Mouth of the ( dos Same as in (r) above.
t. : The most important Siberian base for Arctic reconnaissance
and for Glavsevmorput operations is located at Mara. There are
a large repair shop and 12 hangers, of which five are concrete
and built underground. In July 1946, there were 50 reconnaissance
planes at this field.
u. TASO: This field appears to have become the most important
military air base in the western part of Siberia. It is located
five kilometers from the point of the tongue of land formed by
the buys of the-Oh and the Tam. Although it is claimed that this
field was very well known by Luftwaffe technicians, little in-
formation on it is available now. Apparently,'it has heavy
traffic in all seasons of the year. In the winter, certain
flights of large planes laud on metal landing strips. An un-
confirmed report indicates that the real name of this field is
Stalinskoye.
v. mss This Is a smell airfield seven kilometers from the
Ob Bear on the left bank of the Syda River. No other information.
w. jgMMt As in the case of Navy Port, there are two airfields here.
The region is extremely closely guarded. It is known, neverthe-
less, that Kurgan is the center of the military air operations of
western Siberia, In the summer of 1946 there were 50 military
transports and 20 fighter planes at this field. Reaction-type
planes have been used in several experiments at this field.
x. t~=Samaroyo: The GUM,Z, which administers the airfield at
Tyutinsk-Semarovo, permits Aeroflot planes to operate there.
Traffic is heavy. The field is surrounded on all sides by
forests. Your kilometers to the south of the field is a large
screening camp for deportees. On certain days, hundreds of
deportees may be dispatched by air to places where a need for
manpower may have made itself felt.
y. t Another GUMZ airfield, also surrounded by forests, the
Tara field is also connected with a large screening camp for
deportees. The latter, along with MAD functionaries, are the
most common passengers of this field.
z. aS: A small airfield used by Glavsevmorput and by military
planes. No other information.
sae Dgj ,: This' field is located about two kilometers from the
port toward the interior of the island on a plateau which is
bordered on the north and east by rocky cliffs. It is one of
the most important fields in the Arctic. In the summer of
1943 the small field was enlarged and modernized. The work
continued for three years and may still be in process. All
installations were constructed by German PWs. The repair
shops, the gasoline reserves, and the hangars are all built
in the mountain wall. The field has very powerful snow-plows
and is well-equipped with metallic runways. In July 1946, 250
planes of all types were counted at Dickson, of which 100 were
military planes. At that time, there were said to be one air
brigade and one brigade of parachutists stationed at the field.
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bb. fdinskope: Although the existence of this field is confirmed,
there is no precise information on it.
cc. Ian This field is frequently mentioned in the Soviet press,
but no precise information is known on it.
dd. gyerovostochnr: A small field used only in the summer 1W
Glavaensnrput and the Arctic Institute.
so. YK re Psassino: A Olavsevmorpat airfield is located here.
ff. Pentin.ko 1: Rmergency field.
gg. Str21WI: On the Taiu-r peninsula there is a small emergen4U
landing field used l technicians of the Arctic Institute. By
now this field msy have become an experimental base for guided
missiles.
hh. Xg . Located about halfway down the Tenisei River on
Lake YoWdak there is a large WJMZ airfield with five hangars,
repair shops, and a large stock of gasoline. In 1944, a IDaitiry
among the deportees at this field resulted in the igniting of
the gasoline. It was because of the mmtiny that the existence
of this field became known. This mutiny had the proportions
of a real revolt and the persons considered responsible were
condemned to be deported.
ii. ,LTaiorr.: In the region of Lake Taimgr there are four large
fields, none of them well-equipped technically, but each having
heavy plane traffic in all seasons.
jMDjk%: This field, located near Igarka, is under the direction
of the (DMZ. It is not used in the transporting of deportees
but only for the transport; of MPD personnel and for the repression
from the air of any possible uprisings in the deportation camps.
There are a hundred planes attached to this field. The planes
are not of the most recent model, but that is not necessary
for the reconnaissance of ice formations and the bombing of
defenseless prisoners. The "birds of lureiks" have a sinister
reputation among the deportees of centr4l Arctic Siberia.
kk. Ilhely uktna alaveevmorput has an airfield on Chelyuskin Cape
which is used as a base for ice observation. The director of
this field was honored in Moscow in November 1946 for the
'incomparable success achieved in Arctic aviation." Apparently
this field serves as a model for other fields in the Arctic.
Chelyna$in is used by military planes.
11. ZbA=UWW*s On the western coast of-the Tainwr peninsula is
located one of the largest airfields in the Arctic. All in-
stallations necessary for the field and even a factory (sic)
have been constructed in the wall of a nearby mountain which
is 800 meters high. Zhdanov himself has just inaugurated this
field, which is apparently one of the kW pieces in the military
defenses of the USE. There is a radio-meteorological station
at Zbdanovskoye located at 76? 41 north on the coast of the
Laptev Sea. The Zhdanovskoye airfield is probably in the nearby
vicinity. This information is dated 1947.
mm. XhatNM: Thirteen lometerp rest of the port of Yhatanga there
Is- a Yen imnortent airfield used by all types of arctic planes.
The repair shops have large stocks of spare parts. There are
15 hangars, of which three are particularly large. The Arra4
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has two semi-rigid dirigibles stationed here. The zmmbeir of
planes is not known, but air traffic is apparently very intense.
In July 1945, for example, there were said to be 100 arrivals
and departures a day. The problem of.refueling is-simplified
by the fact that oil is produced and refined nearby. The modern
terminal has a comfortable hotel attached to it where passengers
of the commercial lines may rest ceder the watchful ey'e of the
X14]). which forbids them to leave the airport.
nn. jg=X : The field at Nordvik is administered directly by the
Thatanga field. It is a stop for Aeroflot and Glaveevmorput
planes. No other information.
oo. Korgg.?,_ _ ska.and Bulun: These are three small bases for
aerial reconnaissance.
3 z ': %h: Military airfield.
T t: Several kilometersfrom the port of Tikai is an airfield
whose technical installations and field markings are totally
inadequate. Gasoline and oil stocks are frequently depleted.
Nevertheless, the traffic is quite heavy.
IgWrka jiver): Three small bases for reconnaissance.
cc. Bolehoi IsraMoy Island: This island has a very important military
airfield concerning which no details are known.
tt. G : An important military base in the southern part of the
Taint'r peninsula.
uu. A&WM= - ir%URM.- This is an important field used by all
types of arctic planes. The-field has a sizeable repair shop,
but the problem of refueling bad not been solved satisfactorily
as late as the summer of 1945. This base is supposedly destined
to serve as a atop on the intor p-continental line from Asia to
America, according to the Five Year Plan.
TV* nihni o vm : No details. I
ww. apya Military base, no other details.
xx. Peveke: Airfield for Glaysevmorput and Aeroflot.
yy. Chsyu ak (sic: nossib1y Ohauunekay : This field, located at the
bottom of the bay of the same name, has become an important air
base for the new industrial developments in this area.
zz. r,_aneel Island: Apparently a very important military airfield*
caa. ?o nh : Important Q= airfield. Probably also serves
the Any.
bbb. T~
ace* Olenek
Add. kovo
Terkhni 92lymak
fff. TOW : Two very important airfields, of which one is under
the administration of GUMZ.
: Perhaps the most modern airport in Asiatic Russian
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