JPRS ID: 9781 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 52
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 20
• Content Type: REPORTS

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
JPRS L/9781
10 J!~ne 198~~
Sub-Saharan Africa Re ort
p
FOUO No. 724
FB~$ FOREIGN BROAQCAST INFORMATaON SERVICE
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
NOTE
JPRS publications contain information Frimarily from foreign
newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from �oreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.
Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
[J are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the
last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.
Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transli.terated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes with in the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.
The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-

~ c~es, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.
COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF
MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION
OF THIS PUBLICATION BE RESTRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONI,Y.
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR aF~ICIAL USE ONLY
JPRS L/9781
10 June 1981
SUB-SANARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOL~ No. 724
CONTENTS
INTEFe EiFRICAN AFFAIRS
Qadhdhafi's Reasons f~r Failure To Attend Qlad Summit
(JEiJNE AFRIQUE, 22 Apr 81) 1
Regional Solar Energy Project Funded by IDB, UNDP, FRG, France~
Others
(MARQiES TROPICAUX ET ~1EDITERRANE~TS, 10 Apr 81) . . . . . . . . 2
CEAO Decides on Financial Statem~nt, Industrial Project
- (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEIIdS, 24 Apr 81} 4
- UMO.A Central Bank Meeting
(MAR(HES TRUPICAUX ET NIEDITERRANEENS, 24 Apr $1) 6
Fiscal Statement: Foreign Debt Increases, Product Prices Falling
(MAKQ3ES ET MEDITER.RANEENS, 24 Apr 81) 7
Briefs
Relations With Neighbors 10
Tazara Fund Transfer System 10
Regional Transport Cooperation 11
Diouf Trying To Mediate Rabat-Nouakchott Disgute 11
ANGOLA
Official Stresses Multinationals' Understanding Stance
- (Luis de Almeida Interview:; NEW AFRICAN, May $1) 12
B EN IN
Pragmatism, Not Marxism-Leninism Said To Mark Country's Politics
(Abdelaziz Dahmani; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 18 Feb 81) 14
- a- [III - NE & A- 120 FOUO]
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPR~VED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02149: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFIC[AL U~E ONLY
C~iAD
Situation in Coimtry 'Irbre Uncertain Than Ever~
(MARQiES TROPICAUR ET MEDITERRANEENS, 8 May 81).......~........ 17
Briefs
Minister's Flight 18
Hissein Habre Loses Support 18
Goukouni Seeking Foreign Aid ~ 19
COMORO IS LANDS
Briefs
Saudi Aid 20
C(~1G0
Briefs
BADEA Aid 21
Japanese Engineering Donation 21
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
Briefs
Vice President's Tour 22
MOZAMBIQUE
Economic Links With S. Africa Seen Reconsidered
(Colm Foy; NEW AFRICAN, May 81) ...................o............. 23
- NIGER
Briefs
Canadian Aid 25
Ab u Dhabi Loan Ratification 25
NIGERIA
Developing Relations With Varinas Cotmtries Described
(MARQiES TROPICAUX ET MEBITERRANEENS, 10 Apr 81) 26
Fr~co-Nigerian Economic lielations
Nigerian-British Economic Relations
Brit~n's Biggest African Custo~er
Nigerian-Brazilian Cooperation
Petroleum Products Exchan~e
Austro-Nigerian Trade Increases
Economic, Political Situations Analyzed
(NEW AFRICAN, Apr 81) 31
- b -
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Briefs
Petroleinn Production 33
SENEGAL
States General Meets on Ed~scationa7, Pmblems

, (MARQiES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS, 8 May 81) 34
Anambe Basin Hyd.roag~i.cultural Development Pm~ect
(MARG~iES TRfJPICAUX, 24 Apr 81) 35
Briefs
Belgian Senators' Visit 38
Tax Increase 38
Elect�ric Pawer Plant 38
French Food Ibnation 38
Czechoslovak Agreement ~ncluded 39
TANZANIA
Briefs
Dismissal of Civil Servants 40
Increasing Criminality 40
_ Expanded ltalian Cooperation
Carbon Oxide Discoveries 41
- ZAI IrE
Revival of Lumumba Movement Described
(Antonia Blis; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 16-29 Mar 81) 42
Briefs
Inga Dam 46
Aluminum Plant 46
ZAMBIA
- Briefs
= Decline in Yug~slav Trade 47
NHA Housing Financing Program 47
- - c -
FOR OFFICIAL 1JSE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
~ INTER-AFRICAN AF'FAIRS
QADHDHAFI ` S REASONS FOR FAILURE TO ATTEND CHAD SiTNII~iIT
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 22 Apr 81 p 39
[Article: "Chad--Why Qadhdhafi Did Not Come to Lagos"]
_
[Text] The Algerian president's first big African tour was supposed to cul-
minate in a summit on Chad on 10 April in Lagos, Nigeria (Iasue number 1058 of
- JEUNE AFRIQUE).
Scheduled to come, aside from Chadli Bend~edid and the Nigerian chief of state,
Shehu Shagari, were the Libyan leader, Mu'ammar Qadhdhafi, the Chadian and
Cameroonian presidents, Goukouni Oueddei and Ahmadou Ahid3o, and the president
of Sierra Leone, Siaka Stevens, who currently holds the office of OAU president.
But Qadhdhafi withdrew and the su~it was cancel3ed. Anyway President Shagari
does not consider himself defeated and is thinking of convening another meeting
to which he would invite Gen Gnassingbe Eyadema, president of Togo, as well.
Meanwhile, Shagari and Chadli had already held talks in Lagos with Goukouni
Oueddei when Qadhdhafi's non-appearance was announced. Might it be that things
are not going well between the president of GUNT [National Union Transition
Government) an d his Libyan protector?
What made Qadhdhafi back out like this? He might have been afraid of the new
African armed force defined at the end of March in Addis Ababa by OAU ministers
and which was meant to be made up of Nigerian, Algerian, Cameroonian and Libyan
units. Qadhdhafi preferred the "next-to-the-last" African force decided on in
1980 by the 17th OAU summit--Congo, Benin, Togo and Guinea--troops bel~nging to
small countries not bordering on Chad and without sizable Iogistical resources.
But to agree to having Nigeria, Camexoon and Algeria~alongside the Libyan Army
is far riskier.
The failure of tfie 10 April summit also brings out certain differences between
Algeria and Libya. The ~oint Algerian-Nigerian communique takes note of the very
intense concern the two chiefs of state have regarding the Chadian crisis. It
also reaffirms their conviction that a just and lasting solution can be found on
the basis of the arrangement negotiated under the aegis of the OAU and recommended
in the Lagos agreement (December 1980). But does not this agreement, which was
confirmed by the Lome summit (January 1981), in fact condemn the Libyan presence
in Chad?
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique. GRUPJIA 1981
9631
CSO: 4400/1103 1
FOR OFFICIAL USE I~NLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
- REGIONAL SOLAR ENERGY PROJECT FUNDID BY IDB, UNDP, FRG, FRANCE, OTHERS
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MIDITFRRANEENS in French 10 Apr 81 p 998
[Text] The decision made laat October, following the reunion of the financial
backers, to begin feasibility studies prior to the creation of the Regional
Center of Solar Energy (CRES)--a 3oint CEAO (Economic Community of West Africa)
and CILSS (Inter-Nation Cowmittee Against Drought in the Sahel) pro3ect--is
already in effect. A com~ittee is currently visiting those countries interested
in the creation of this center. The mission's principal ob~ectives are as fol-
lows: obtain the viewpoint of involved government members on the purposes and
the organization and functioning of the regianal center; collect technical and
economic data which will serve as the data base for the feasibility study;
identify as precisely as possible the sectional distri~bution of the energy demand,
as well as the possibilities offered by energy conservation and the development
of renewable energy resources; determine at the regional level, the desired levels
of education, research, and production in the renewable energy field.
The CRES, which will cost 8.4 billion CFA francs, will be built in Ba.mako, Mali.
The financing of the feasibility phase, totaling 275 million CFA francs, was
acquired and insured by the UNDP (UN Development Program--20 million), the IDF �
(European Development Fund--30 million), France (100 million), and FRG (125
million). In December 1980, the different partners convened in Brussels at the
_ heart of the European community to decide upon the practical matters involved in
the co~ letion of this phase. The importance of this project was aclmowledged
by many of the countries and institutions whi~h agreed to participate in the ful-
fillment of the second phase which concerns primarily the industrial sector. The
principal participants will be: the IDF representing the Commission of European
Communities, the OPEC Fund; FRG; France; the UNDP; the Interim Science and Tech-
nology Fund; and the Islamic Development Bank. Also interested in this operational
_ phase are the ADB (African Development Bank), the UNSO (Bureau of Nations United
for the Sahe1), and the USAID. The level of obligation for each one of these
sources will be determined next October in Ouagadougou during a second reunion of
the financial backers.
The constant preoccupation of the CEAO is to benefit as rapidly as possible from
solar energy, the ob3ective being alimentary self-sufficiency through the pro-
vision of water to everyane, most notably the rural class. In other respects,
oil prices are daily becoming more disturbing and less bearable for all of the
member-states. It has been shown tha.t by pooling their human, financial, scien-
tific and technical assets, the member-states of the CEAO and the CILSS will
certainly obtain the most benefit from raw solar materials.
- 2
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400020020-3
FOR OFFIC'IAL USE ONLY
The major functions imposed upon the GRES are as follaws: the definition of a
global strategy for concerned nations; the conception, production, and commercial-
ization of solar equipment responding to the needs of the Sahel nations; the
development of applied research, as much for solar energy as for other energy
sources; the training of requ~red per~connel; the centralization of information on
problems of oil distribution; and the development of regional and international
cooperation in the solar energy field.
Finally, among the last projects assigned to the Center, one notes the installa-
tion of small centers for providing electricity for 16,000 villages and providing
50,000 water sources with solar pumps for farming and irrigation.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
9745
CSO: 4400/1144
3
FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400020420-3
FnR OFFICIAL tJSE ONLY
INTER-AFRICAN AFRAIRS
CEAO DECIDES ON FIN~INCIAL STATEMENT, INDUSTRIAL PROJECT
- Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MIDITERRANEENS in French 24 Apr 81 p 1182
' [Text] The sixth session of the FOSIDF~'s (Foundation of Fellowship and Sponsor-
ship for CoBanimity Development) com~?ittee of administrative deputies met 8-9 April
1981, at the Foundation's headquarters in Oua.gadougou. The ;:session brought to-
gether the six member-states of the CEAO (Economic Co~unity of West Africa):
Ivory Coast; Upper Volta; Mali; Mauritania; Nigeria, and Senegal. Chaired by the
representative from Senegal, the committee of administrative deputies made the
following decisiona: 1) the approval and distributian of the 1980 fiscal state-
ment which amounte to 519,366,677 CFA francs; and 2) the Council's approval con-
cerning the follow-ing projects.
UPPIIt VOLTA: Manufacturing and Packaging Center for Pharmaceutical and Veterin-
arian Froducts
Pro~ect Objective: construction of a packa.ging and manufacturing center in Upper
Volta for ~harmaceutical and veterinarian products.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: financing of the factory's feasibility study througri a
reimbursable advance of 10,200,000 CFA francs.
MALI: Poultry-Farming Center in Sotuba
Project Objective: to recou?mence Sna develop the Sotuba poultry-farming center
with the hope of creating an industrial and commercial firm with private backing.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: financing of the feasibility study for the center's develop-
ment and rebirth program in the amount of 28 million CFA francs, reimbursable
- should the pro~ect succeed.
MAURITANIA: Association of Ali~entary Products (FAMO-I~a,ur~tania,)
Pro~ect Ob~ective: construction of a wheat processing site and a nood~.es �actoxy
in Nouakchott.
Cost of Investment: 547,500,000 CFA fxancs.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: guaranteed 90 million CFA francs long-term 1.oan fro~m the
Mauritanian Bank of Development and Commerce.
4
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
MAURITANIA: Bennechab Mineral Water
Pro~ect Ob~ective: construction of a bottling factory for Bennichab mineral water.
(Project was initially begun by FOSIDEC).
Cost of Investment: 360 million CFA francs.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: guaranteed short and long-term cred~t of 2.5 million CFA
_ francs from local banks. This project~s feasibility study was f inanced by
FOSIDEC.
NIGER: Non-Alcoholic Beverage Factory
Pro~ect Objective: construction of the factory.
Cost of Investment: 845 million CFA francs.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: 80 percent financing of the feasibility study's cost.
NIGER: Bakery and Pastry Shop in Diffa
Project Ob~ective: construction of the bakery and pastry shop.
Cost of Investment: 45,600,000 CFA francs.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: a 1/3 discount on the interest rate during the first four
years of the 20 mill~ion CFA francs short-term loan from the Niger Development Bank.
SIINEGAL: Sococim Industries
Project Objective: expansion and reorganization of the Rufisque cement factory.
Cost of Investment: 18.1 billion CFA fr~ncs.
FOSIDEC Sponsorship: guaranteed 3 billion CFA francs loan from the European
Investment Bank.
In sum, the FOSIDEC commitments for the sixth session of the administrative coun-
cil are as follows: 3,I48 million guaranteed CFA francs; 43.2 million CFA francs
for research funding; and 3.06 million CFA francs for interest rate discounts. The
total commitment is 3,194.26 million CFA francs.
Thus, in adherence to Article 16 of its statutes, FOSIDEC appropriations were
authorized for pro~ects in four of the Community's least indust~rialized nations
(Upper Volta, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger), and particularly in Senegal where
the Foundation funded many projects with the hope of aiding the rebirth of this
country's economic activities.
At the close of this fourth sponsorship session, which corresponds with 23 months
of Foundation activity, the FOSIDEC appropriations balance sheet appears as fol-
lows: 6.7 billion guaranteed CFA francs; 143 million CFA francs for research
- funding; and 63 million CFA francs for interest discounts.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
9745 5
CSO: 4400/1144 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFI(~IAL USE ONLY
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
UMOA CENTRAL BANK MEETING
~
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MIDITERRANEENS in French 24 Apr 81 p 1182
[Text] The administrative council of the Central Bank of West African States
(BCEAO) met for a scheduled meeting on 30 March 1981, under the chairmanship of
Mr Abdoulaye Fadiga, the BCEAO governor and its statutory president. The meeting
took place in the BCEAO's main Abidian office.
The council studied the financial posture of the Central Bank which reflectn the
- difficult crisis that all West African nations with the authority to issue ~ur-
rency are going through, and which requires the upholding of the various measures
adopted last December at the request o.f the West African Monetary IInion. In this
setting, the council asked the monetary issuing authority to support, notably
through provisions allowed under bank regulations, actions allowing the expeditious
- acquisition of dependable information on the economic and monetary progress of its
member-states.
Next, the coimcil proceeded to redistribute central bank assistance in favor of
a Union member's public funds, and acceded to a request for assistance proposed
under the framework of article 15 of the central bank statutes. In other res-
pects, the council's 3eliberations concerned the matter of direct access for finan-
cial institutions to the monetary issuing authority. The council decided, as well,
to propose to the Gouncil of Ministers the circulation of a new l.OQO CFA franc
note. It defined, moreover, the conditions by which gold assets in the Centra~
Bank are to be accounted.
The council authorized the Central Bank governor to introduce to the International
- Monetary Fund (IMF) a request gr.anting the BCE90 detainer status of its own special
withdrawal account. Finally, the council specified the conditions of availability
for certain withdrawals by metaber-states from the IMF.
COPYRIGHT: Rene More:ix et Cie ~aris 1981.
9745
- CSO: 4400/1144
6
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
FISCAL STATEMENT: FOREIGN DEBT INCREASES, PRODUCT PRICES FALLING
Paris MARCHES ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Apr 81 p 1175
[Article: "Economic Progress in 1979-1980 of the Sub-Saharan African Countries"--
Passages between slantlines originally published in boldface]
[Text] The 1980 fiscal statement of the Arabian Bank for African Economic Develop-
mer_t (BADEA), includes among other things an analysis of the.economic situation
of the 29 Sub-Saharan countries eligible for the bank's assistance.
The progress of the GNP growth rate for all of these countries in 1970 constant
dollars from 1977-1979 is thus observed:
1977 1978 1979
Gross National Product 4.98 4.48 4.82
(with cost factors)
Agriculture 1.03 2.46 2.05
Construction 9.56 4.68 7.81
Industrial Productioii 7.22 7.48 6.70
During 1980, many nations blamed a/serious food shortage/ on the drought which af-
fected the Sahel areas. Generally speaking, the condition of developing Africa
was influenced in 1980 by the slowdown in the growth rate of foodstuff production;
an estimated 2 percent increase that was actually less than the population growth
rat~.
Progress in /industrial production/ was also upset by the results of ba~ harvests
in 1979 and 1980, the ma~or portion of African industry being basen upon agriculture.
A positive industrial growth of 4.1 percent, however, was noted in Sub-Saharan
Africa in 1979. In many countries, the trend towards exportation is increasing
among industrial concerns.
According to the United Nation's Economic Commissiori for Africa (ECA), the indus-
- trial development of Continental Africa was hampered by tfie lack of capital, the
scarcity of markets, the lack of technicians and administrators, inflated exchange
7
_ FOR OFFIClAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007142/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000440020020-3
~OR OFF'ICIAL USE ONLY
rates, the protectionism of industrialized nations, long delays in the delivery
of inerchandise and equipment which brings about the congestfon of transportation
substructures, inefficiencies handicapping the exploitation of production capa-
bilities, the energy shortage, high wage levels and negative balance of payments,
problems arising from the urgent importation of materials and spare parts. In
1980, moreover, the currency shortfall not only impeded the smooth functioning of
African industry but postponed as well or rendered impossible the anticipated con-
- struction of new buildings.
In 1979 and 1980, /the financial resources/ of the principal African oil-exporting
nations increased considerably. At the same time, the other developing African
countries were sub~ected to an aggravation of their balance of payment deficits.
According to estimates of the International Monetary Fund (IMF}, /the balance of
payment deficit/ of developing non-oil producing African countries will increase
from $8.5 billion in 1979 to $10.1 billion in 1980. The commercial balance
deficit wi11 increase from $2 billion to $2.7 billion. Simultaneously, the net
deficit of publ.ic bond issues and private tr~nsactions will increase from $5.8
billion to $6.6 billion. Whereas the monetary value of exports went from $21.7
billion in 1979 to $25.3 billion in 1980, the monetary value of imports exceeded
$29 billion in 1980 compared to $24.3 billion in 1979.
According to the ECA, the discouraging results of /intra-African trade/ are due to
the inefficiency of the transportation network, the foreign Export orientation of
commercial institutions and clients, and to the inconvertibility of African cUr-
rencies.
Besides oil, sugar has benefited in 1980 of a sensible recovery in prices, whereas
cotton's progress was only modest. Coffee, cac~o and the have experienced a
- depressed market.
The Ghanian economy was not only particularly affected by a decrease in cacao
production but also by prices, the lowest in 5 years. The Ivory Coast benefited
from a record harvest in 1979-1980.
Falling prices and growing /coffee/ inventories have severely hurt African coffee
' growers.
Because of commitments with the European Economic Community (EEC), the Isle of
Maurice aclmowledged a serious inability to increase its European /sugar/ deliveries
(80 percent of its production). Conversely, the Ivory Coast, which began to export
sugar in 1979, benefited from the price increases.
/Cotton/ prices remained satisfactory in 1980, but many African countries suffered
- production shortfalls, except for Zambia (22 percent increase for 1980-1981).
Total African cotton production--5.4 million bales--remained stable.
/Copper/ prices remained stable despite the worldwide economic recession, but
their development did not appear encouraging at the end of 1980. Zaire experi-
- enced somewhat favorable sales, but Zambia, the other large African copper pro-
ducer, had to cope with labor problems and was not able, moreover, to overcome
transportation problems despite the end of fiostilities in Zimbabwe.
8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFIC'IAL USE ONLY
Among the /other basic products/ becoming African exports, beef, wood, and pea-
nu~s experienced lvwer prices during the first half of 1980, whereas phosphate
prices increased from an average of $33 a ton in 1979 to $47 a ton in August 1980.
According to statistics published bq the IMF, the /net public transactions/ favoring
non-oil producing African countries went from $2.4 million to $2.5 million between
1979 and 1980, whereas the /total net f inancial capital/ during these years went
from $6 million to $6.2 million in constant dollars. /Public Development Aid/
(PAD) is declining in Africa as a percentage of the total iinancial capital.
The 1980 World Bank report states that.the total foreign debt of the Sub-Saharan
African countries increased from $10.5 million in 1572 to $37.6 million at the end
= of 1978. Discrepancies, however, are observed from one country to another. The
Ivory Coast, Nigeria, and Zambia--in descending order--were responsible in 1978
_ for one-third of the total regional debt.
The /amortization of the foreign debt/ expressed as a percentage of exports, is
generally increasing in Africa, but in certain cases its advance is particularly
worrisome. The foreign debt in 1978, for example, was 31.3 percent in Zaire, 17.4
percent in Guinea, 16 percent in Sierra Leone, 15.2 percent in Togo, and 14.9
_ percent in Senegal. Conversely, the foreign debt ratio in 1978 was only 1.9 per-
cent in Lesotho, 2.5 percent in the Central African Republic, and 3.2 percent
in Madagascar.
The /economic decline/ in 1980 of all African countries is particularly serious in
the least developed nations. In that respect, the Wor1d Bank's development report
demonstrates that if the annual economic growth continues at a rate of 2.9 percent
for all industri~alized nations and 1.1 percent in the low-income Asian countries,
it is only increasing by 0.2 percent in the lo~-income African countries (per capita
income equal or less than $360 a year).
Eighteen African countries are in this category: Benin, Botswana, Burundi, Cape
Verde, Central Africa, Comoro, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Upper Volta, Lesotho,
Mali, Mala~,ri, Niger, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Chad.
The debt of the under-developed nations is rapidly increasing. It has more tha.n
quadrupled from 1970 to 1977, reaching $5.4 billion. In comparison, the ratio of
foreign debt amortization to exports has increased from 5.8 percent in 1971 to
7 percent in 1977.
In the index of the BADEA's 1980 fiscal sta~ement, statistical tables are pro-
vided on the condition and progress of the population, the GNP, the per capita
income, inflation, foreign trade, exchange rates, and the foreign debt and its
amortization in each one of the 29 African countries eligible for BADEA assistance.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981.
9745
CSO: 4400/1144
9
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFF[Cl'AL USE ONLY
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
BRIEFS
~ RELATIONS WITH NEIGH~30RS--Abdou Diouf, president of the Republic of Senegal, ex-
pressed his pleasure on 26 April with the relati.ons of cooperation that exist be-
. tween Senegal and neighboring countries (Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Mali and Mauritania). He was speaking to the Council of Ministers. The Senegalese
_ head of state, according to a communique, "stressed the friendly and fraternal na-
ture of those relations, as well as the commnn desire of the various governments of
the neighboring countries and Senegal to everything possible to strengthen and con-
solidate the relations uniting the respective countries." On the other hand, the
"very special importance" Senegal attaches to the harmonious development of its re-
lations with Guinea were emphasized on 25 April by President Abdou Diouf, when he re-
ceived the credentials of Amirou Diallo, the new ambassador from Guinea. Senegal
"will spare no effort to strengthen the ties of fraternal friendship that exist be-
tween the two countries," the Senegalese head of state added. He said further that
he hoped for an improvement in Guinea-Senegalese cooperation in such a way that it
will always be the "most faithful possible reflection of the excellence of the re-
lations existing between the two countries on the political level and the personal
relations" between the Guinean and Senegalese heads of state. Abdou Diouf, who said
lie felt that President Sekou Toure's trip ~o Sehegal in 1979 had given "a new and
vigorous impetus" to that cooperation, said he also hoped that the two countries
would combine their efforts at the subregional, regional and international levels.
[Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81 p 1297]
- [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 8946
TAZARA FiTI~ID TRADISFER SYSTEM--Tanzania and Zambia have decided on a new procedure
~or trans~err~ng funds for TAZARA CTanzania Zamb~a Ra.ilway Authority) from Zambia
to Tanzan_La in order to resolve tTie financ~al problems which this company is
fac~ng ~n Tanzan~a. According to tfie secretary general of the Tanzanian Ministry

~ ~or Conuaunicati`ons and Transport, Od~ra Ongara, TAZARA, will henceforth deposit
~ontRly to an account in Zamb~a tfie sum oP one million Zambian kwacha (1 kwacha =
$1.2, approx~aatelyF to Be transfered to Tanaania. This sum is to be applied
ess-C.ntially to TAZARA's e.Ypenses in Tanzania and to various other expenses
relat~ng to tfie operat~on of tFLe Tanzania-Zambia line in this country. The former
~ procedure requ~red TAZARA of Zamtiia to obtain a bank autfiorization, difficult to
oHta~n Because oP the excfiange controls, before being able to make the transfer
to Tanzania. The result was an arrearage of transfess on the order of $6.62
v~i`~.libn, wR~le tFie Tanzarc~an fira,nch of tFte company was unable to pay its
esaployees' s~lar~es. Tt slwuld fie re~embered tfiat the difficulties which
TAZAR~1,fi~s Beea expes ~enc~zLg led it to interrupt its passenger service starting
15 Apr:tl. [Text] jCOPYRTGAT: Rene Moreux et C~e., Paris 1981] [Paris
' 1~ARCIiES~ TROFTCAUR ~T T~DTT~RRANEEI~TS' i`n French 24 Apr 81 p 1202] 9380
10
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000400420020-3
- FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
.
~ ftL'GIONAL TRANSPORT COOPERATION--'The Zairian Executive Council and the Burundian gov-
ernment should soon ratify the agreement just signed by the Zairian National Rail-
road Company (SNCZ) and the Burundian Lake Transport Company (ARNOLAC). Under the
terms of the agreement the two companies will cooperate toward transport on Lake
Tanganyika. From now on, chiefly between July and October, the SNCZ will make lake
units available to exporters of Burundian products and importers into Burundi. The
agreement chiefly concerns the Goma-Bujwnbura line (in both directions). The contri-
bution of the SNCZ to Burundian traffic will make it possible to increase the capac-
ity of the r~~ad from or to Dar-es-Salaam. On the ~ther hand, negotiations have re-
cently been going on between the SNCZ and the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Corporation
('TAZARA) concerning transport of part of the merchandise for export and import from
or to Zaire. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in French 17 Apr 81
p 1139] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981.] 8946
DIOUF TRYING TO MEDIATE RABAT-NOUAKCHOTT DISPUTE--President Abdou Diouf attempted
on 11 April to mediate between Rabat and Nouakchott on the occasion of a working
visit in Dakar by the Mauritanian chief of state, Khouna Ould Haidalla, which
was the f irsr time Haidalla has left the country since the aborted 16 March
putsch. [Text] [COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique. GRUPJIA 1981] [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE
in French 22 Apr 81 p 31] 9631
CSO: 4400/1103
- 11
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R004400020020-3
FOR OFFAC[AL USE ONLY
ANGOLA
OFFICIAL STRESSES MULTINATIONALS' UNDFRSTANDING STANCE
London NEW AFRICAN in English May 81 p 51
[Interview with Luis de Almeida, by NEW AFRICAN in London; date not given]
[Text] Angola's Ambassador to France, Luis de Almeida,
spoke to NEW AFRICAN in London recently. The interview
touched on the Clark Amendment, the CIA in Angola,
double standards and the SA arms embargo.
Uppermost in Luis de Almeida's mind was the question of the repeal of the Clark
Amendment.
Responding to claims that the Reagan Administration did not seek the repeal in
order to engage in military intervention in Angola, the ambassador says: "If
they don't want to engage in military action against us, why withdraw the amend--
ment? The fact is America wants to intervene openly in our affairs and the Clark
Amendment specifically prevents it from doing so. It does not do anything else.
The ambassador felt there was more at stake than simply a stepping-up of aid to
UNITA. "By supporting UNITA, the United States will be directly reinforcing
South Africa."
South Africa, not UNITA, was the real threat. Indeed, the United States had never
stopped supporting UNITA secretly through Namibia. All that the repeal of the
Clark Amendment would achieve would be that support would be given openly. The
whole thing was a sham since South African forces constantly disguised themselves
as UNITA fighters and would inevitably be recipients of any aid ostensibly sent
to the rebels.
' What of the American companies already involved in Angola?
"Our relations with US multi-nationals operating in Angola will not be changed by
the new Administration's warlike stance," says the ambassador. "We have a good
r.elationship with them from which both sides benefit."
Some multi-nationals had already told Washington they considered deeper 9merican
involvemen.t with South Africa and UNITA to be wrong-headed.
12
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFF~CIAL USE ONLY
"The multi-nationals understand that we won't abandon our country to the UNITA
traitors and their South African j~ackers."
On the question of Namibia, Angola's position remains one of support for SWAPO,
says the ambassador. He knew of recent Press reports which claimed Angola was
secretly negotiating with South Africa over the illegally-held territory. He
denied this.
"Angola will continue to support SWAPO until Namibia is fre~," he says. "At
the same time, we shall try to find a peaceful solution."
It was the same with the ANC and South Africa. Angola will always support the
ANC in its struggle for freedom in South Africa, and we will not be intimidated
into abandoning either SWAPO or the ANC."
The seminar attended by Ambassador de Almeida was concerned with the UN embargo
on the export of arms to South Africa--the most notable evasion of which was the
supply of a 155mm Howitzer to the Pretoria regime.
- How did the ambassador see the outcome of the wider economic sanctions debate
in the United Nations?
This, he feels, is an example of Western hypocrisy and he is not very hopeful of
' getting sanctions implemented, iThe West doesn't want sanctions. Th~y have dou-
ble standards in this respect. They claim that economic sanctions would be
disastrous for their own economies but, when it came to Iran with whom they also
had a huge volume of trade, they were able to apply sanctions in order to win
the freedom of a handful of Americans. The freedom of 26-million Africans does
not concern them so much. Of course, the truth is the West wants the South
African regime to survive."
Angola, he says, would support the implementation of comprehensive sanctions
against South Africa, as much in the interests of South Africans as in its own.
� In the context of the Southern African situation, NEW AFRICAN asked Ambassador
de Almeida how he saw things developing if the Clark Amendment was withdrawn.
~ "There has been a misunderstanding about our country" he says. "The CIA in
fact has never stopped interfering in our affairs. The Clark Amendment has
� only made it more di.fficult for them. The situation in Southern Africa can
never be resolved until we are left to work out our own affairs."
COPYRIGHT: 1981 IC Magazines Limited
CSO: 4420
13
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000400420020-3
~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
BENIN
PRAGMATISM, NOT MARXISM-LENINISM SAID TO MARK COUNTRY'S POLITICS
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 18 Feb 81 pp 28-29
[Article by Abdelaziz Dahmani: "Slogans and Reality"]
- [Text] Cotonou seems to be coming out of a prolonged lethargy. For many
years, Benin's capital had had a backward look, kind of colonial and aged.
The slightest sprinkle turns it into a great me~s because of its bumpy,
badly paved roads. In addition, its population has doubled in 15 years:
toda,f it exceeds 200,000 inhabitants.
But for a year things have been changing. To relieve congestion in the
city, a second bridge was built over the Oueme, and the old one is being
repaired. Othe~ works are under way: they are enlarging the port,
lengthening the airport's runway, paving many streets and avenues and
building a large stadium; a large Sh~raton hotel ia expected to open soon.
Except for the stadium, which is being built by the Chinese, all these
works have been undertaken by western companies. This i.s attributable to
a long-lasting political stability and a climate of confidence, although
the country has adopted the Marxist-Leninist ~hilosophy under the authority
of Benin's Revolutionary Party. But the true "religion" of this country
seems to be pragmatism more than anything else. An example: economic
circles seem to be stunned now by the appreciation of Nigeria's nonconvert-
ible currency, the naira. The increase of its parallel value from 200 to
260 CFA francs in a few weeks has been enough to cause serious worries in
Benin.
In fact, the country draws a vital portion of its fiscal and custom~ rev-
enues from its powerful neighbor, whose gross national product is 40 times
larger than Benin's. The naira's increase in value has upset at once a
whole series of commercial relations of which trade is an important part.
This does not mean that there are second thoughts, at least not on the
surface, about the adoption of Marxism-Leninism and the usage of a complete
anthology of watchwords and slogans about the glory of the rev~olution and
socialism. These have the effect of keeping the country in a state of
14
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
increased watchfulness. In the long run, however, these watchwords end
up losing their power and their magic.
The "ready for the revolution" which precedes any meeting or discussion is
often accompanied by a sly smile. The affliction seems to reach even a good
part of the leadership: eariy in the year some antigovernment propaganda
pamphlets were found in a high official's home, Since then, many persons
- close to the government and Benin's Revolutionary Party ha.ve been closely
watched and placed under house arrest.
The minicrisis was preceded by two other jolts. The first one, in Septem-
ber 1980, when President Ma.thieu Kerekou accused labor union and party
leaders of plundering state enterprises (JEUNE AFRIQUE No. 1043). The
second one, in early October, when Libya announced "Ahmed:" Kerekou's conver-
sion to Islam. This caused friction within the na.tional executive
committee.
It took several weeks to calm down the committee members, while at the same
time being careful to avoid offending Kaddafi, who nonetheless made out a
check at the end of the year for '~10 million and promised his assistance for
several joint projects." Z'hese "affairs" resulted in increased repression
and delayed the release of three former presidents who had been under
arrest since the coup of 30 November 1972: Hubert Maga, Sourou Migan
Apithy and Justin Ahomadegbe.
Kerekou had promised to release them before 31 December 1980. But Maga
- and Apithy spent December 31 in a Cotonou clinic. They even sipped
champagne on this occasion with some close relatives. But there was no
release. After that, they were placed under house arrest once more: Ma.ga
in Abomey, Apithy in Parakou and Ahoma.degbe in Natitingou.
These methods, which went as far as torture in the well-known coum~a.nd
posts (PCO) of some military bases, seem to ha.ve disappeared today. That
does not keep Amnesty Interna.tiot~al from worrying seriously abouC prison
conditions for some 100 persons in the jails of Cotonou's police head-
quarters.
While Waiting for Oil
"It is a difficult moment we are going through," say some close to the
goverrunent, adding that "the excellent climate of confidence which the
country en.ioys should not be put ia question because of this." This
confidence is based on the responsibility and credibility of Beninese
financiers, who do not fill their mouths with revolutionary slogans and
would even want to return to a better balance between words and actions.
They are trying to make theirs a recent statement b~ Mathieu Kerekou:
"Words do not make the revolution, it is actions that count." These
fina.nciers have even succeeded in releasing 7 billion CFA francs to
15
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-04850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
encourage small- and medium-sized private businesses, provided the national
firms are ready to enter into partnership wi.th the state.
But the private campanies, who are the real financial power in the trade
with Nigeria, are hesitating. To give them canfidence, the government has
_ promised to dena.tionalize some 8 to 10 state enterprises soon.
Nevertheless, the economic situation could remain difficult until mid-1983,
when the first oil field in Seme, along the Beninese coast, will be exploited.
The Norwegian companies who will exploit these fields, Saga Petroleum and
Kvaaner Engeneering, have already called for bids for the purchase of drilling
platforms. Their installation is expected this yea.r. Recoverable reserves
are about 10 million tons, that is about $2 billion at 1981 prices.
It is precisely oil which has caused most of the increase in Benin's trade
deficit. The oil bill was about 12 billion CFA francs in 1979, that is
twice the country's exports: That trade deficit is growing each year.
Exports, which were 7 billion CFA francs in 1968 and reached their peak in
- 1971 with 11.6 billion, plunged to 5.7 billion in 1978. This drop resulted
mainly from a fall in the prices of agroindustrial products such as cotton
and palms. Cacao, with $1.3 billio~n, is the second exportable product.
But it is mostly smuggled to Nigeri~.
Imports, on the contrary, went from 11.1 billion CFA francs in 1968 to 18.8
billion in 1971 and 52.3 billion in 1978; they will surely exceed 60 billion
in 1980. But austerity and a certain ma.nagement of state affairs, desgite
the plundering of state enterprises, keep the foreign debt within reasona.ble
bounds (about $200 million at the end of 1980). They are counting on the
_ oil of coming years to erase the deficit.
- Improving Lifestyles
In the meantime, attitudes are clea.rly changing. Cotonou is seriously consid-
ering eliminating the famous single work session, from 0700 hours to.1400
hours. Its basic objective was to enable citizens to attend party meetings
in order to strengthen further their revolutionary convictions.
In fact, the "party-fervor" afternoons are devoted mostly to all sorts of
sideline activities aimed at improving lifestyles. Some officials can even
be seen dashing in and out of the ministries in order to tend to their
private affairs as soon as possible. A recent increase in the number of
luxury cars with different tags has been observed. Early in 1981, after a
special meeting of ministers devoted to the origin of these cars, police and
internal revenue agents were ordered to impose rigorous countrols "without
favors."
COP'YRIGHI': Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1981
9341
CSO: 4400/849
16
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
_ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONY.Y
CHA~
SITUATION IN COUNTRY 'MORE UNC~RTAIN THAN EVER~
= Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81 pp 1308-1309
[Article: "The Meeting of the Cadres Is Postponed"]
- [Text] The national meeting of Chadian cadres which was to have been held in ~
Ndjamena on 30 April was postponed until 15 May.
On th~ other hand, the situation in the country is more uncertain than ever. A
Libyan military disengagement that took place at the end of March was followed by a
growing Libyan seizure of the country, thanks to the financial generosity of Tripoli,
which exercises an irresistible attraction in an impoverished country where everyone
is first of all seeking money.
Col Kamougue's authority in the south is thus being contested, without reinforcement
_ of the military pressure on that region. The south is in reality being threatened
_ with internal divisions, under the effects of the corruption intended to obtain in-
_ dividual or collective rallying to the GUNT (Transitional National Union Government],
by going over the authority of the groups that make it up, which until now have each
been able to control the region assigned to it by the Lagos accords.
No foreign aid is forthcoming to balance that of Libya. It is believed that this
country would favor the "Arab" populations in Chad, which would involve removing the
"Goranes" (Daza and Teda in the northern part of the country) as well as the
nationals in the south who are not Muslims.
~ In Kanem one might observe a great reluctance to obey Libya, which may be amplified
- by this policy of marginalizing everythi.ng that is not Arab. It is also confirmed
_ that the Libyans h~d 100 southern soldiers executed in Faya-Largeau, at the time of
a visit by Col Qadhdhafi.
President Goukouni himself is in a difficult ~osition. He is attempting to rally to
his side the Chadian Armed Forces (FAT) by assuring them their pay on the condition
that they go to fight in the north against the Hissein Habre rebellion. In this
climate, Tripoli, thanks to its financial means and the elimination of the other
countries that not long ago intervened in Chad, remains the master of the game.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
8946
CSO: 4400/I183 17,
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFii.(A~, USE ONLY
CHAD
ERIEFS
MINISTER'S FLIGHT--Moussa Medela, the minister of Public Health of the GUNT (Transi-
tional National Union Government) of Chad, fled to Khartoum on 22 April. At a press
conference Mr Medela indicated that he had twice handed in his resignation from the
Goukouni Oueddei cabinet in protest against the presence of Libyan troops, but that
, it had been refused. So he has reluctantly remained in the government, awaiting an
oppurtunity to flee the country. The former minister is a member of a group called
Western Armed Forces (FAO), which had long supported Hissein Habre and his Northern
Armed Forces (FAN}. The latter had decided to expel from their movement Mahamat
Saleh, the foreign relations commissioner. We recall that in a:ommunique dated
14 April and issued in Lagos, Mahamat Saleh, who was the GUNT's Finance Minister un-
til April 1980, was asserting, jointly with Batram Adoum Idriss and Moustapha
Maitchari Alifa, respectively the presidents of the MPLT (Popular Movement for the
- Liberation of Chad) ana ~".J, that he was withdrawing his "confidence and sup-
port" from Hissein Habre. In Khartoum t}ie exececutive committee of the MPLT, however,
- was saying on 22 April that the position taken by Batram Adoum "carried on for pur-
poses of high treason", would not b.e binding on the movement, and added that "neither
would~I~loustapha Maitchari ~alifa's prosi~Cien be binding on the FAO." [TextJ [Paris
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in French 8 May 1981 p 1309] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 8946
HISSEIN HA.BRE LOSES SUPPORT--In a communique dated ~4 April in Lagos and signed
by Batran Adoum Tdriss, the president af the Popular Movement for the Liberation
oP C~iad (t~LT~, Moustapha Maitchari Alifa, the president of the Western Armed
Forces (FAO} and Mahamat Saleh Ahmat, the commissar for foreign relations of
Eifiss~ein HaBre's~ Northern Armed Forces (FAN~, th~se tfiree Chadian trends united
w~tfi~n the People's Armed Forces announced that they have decided to "withdraw
the.~r trust ~n and support of H~ssein FIabre." Elsewhere, Mamadou Affono, the
FADI comm~sar Por popular organization and ideology, who was passing through
T~agos, i`nd~cated to AFP [French Press Agencq] that the three Chadian trends also
dec~ded, at the end of a meeting in a neigFiboring country of Chad, to call "on
_ all Chadians wherever they are to engage in national re-evaluation and to
transcend of Chadian geopolitics which is essentially dominated by foreign
i'ntervention, personal ambitions and regionalist and trihalist considerations.
[Text] [COPYRTGHT: Rene Moreux et CiF., Paris 1981] [Paris MARCHES
TROPL'CAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Apr 81 p 1198] 9380
is
' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFNCIAL USE ONLY
GQUKOUNI SEEKIN~ FOREIGN AID--Since Libya is balking at the financial bill for
Chad, Goukouni Oueddei is turning to other countries in Africu and elsewhere.
Therefore, the president of the GUNT (Transition Governmen* of National Union)
will soon.be going to Sudan, which supports the former "rebel" Hissein Habre's
FAN (Northern Armed Forces). Oueddei is thinking about France as well. But
Paris is said to have asked him to wait until after the second round of ballot-
ing in the presidential election. However, the Chadian minister of economy,
Mr Ngangbet Kosna.ye, is going to the French capital at the end of April. [Text]
[COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique. GRUPJZA 1981] [Paris JEU?dE AFRIQUE in French
22 Apr 81 p 31] 9631
CSO: 4400/1103
19
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
COMORO ISLANDS
BRIEFS
SAUDI AID--The Saudi Development Fund agreed on 15 May, in Moroni, to loan Comoros
21 millian riyals for road transportation. The loan is annexed to a previous loan
of 48 million riyals, repayable in 20 ye::rs with a 5-year grace period. jText]
, [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in Fre;..:h 22 May 81 p 1434] [COPiRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981]
CSO: 4400/1245
20
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFF(CIAL USE ONLY
CONGO
BRIEFS
, BADEA AID--The Arab Bank for African Economic Development (BADEA) has just granted
the Congo a loan of $10 million for a project to improve the Brazzaville
i'nternational a~rport. Tfie accord was signed in Khartoum by Hilaire l~bnthault,
tfie m~~stex o~ Transport and C~v~l Av~at~on of tIie People~s Republic of the Congo
! an.d Dr Cfiedly~ Ayar~, tFie pres~dent director general of BADEA. This loan, which is
redeemable ~n 15 years, covers~ 33 percent of the total cost of the project which
= will make it poss~ble to enlarge the runway and reinforce it in order to adjust it
- to tFie land~ig standards for Boe~ng 747's. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUR ET
MEDITERRANEENS' ~n FrencFL 24 Apr 81 p 1199] 9380
JIA,~'ANES'E ENGINEERING DONATION--The Japanese government, represented by the
,Papanese ambassador to the Congo residing in Gabon, recently delivered a gift
o~ ciVil eng~rteer~ng equ~pment worth 200 million yens to the Congolese govern-
n~ez~~. [Text] [COPYRI'~I~T: Rene MAreux et Cie., Paris 1981] LParis MARCHES
TROPTCAUX ET MEDITERRANEIIJS'~n French 24 Apr 8I p 1199] 938U
C30: 4400/1139
21
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400420020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
BRIEFS
VICE PRESIDENT'S TOUR--Vice President Florencio Maye Ela, who is also the minister
of Foreign Affairs, made an official visit to Latin America in April, going in suc-
cession to Argentina, Chile, Peru, Colombia, and then in May was to extend his trip
, to Venezuela, Panama, Mexico and Cuba. On 23 April Equatorial Guinea and Argentina
~ signed an economic cooperation agreement as a result of the visit in Buenos Aires
of Lt [marine] Florencio Maye Ela. The agreement provides in particular for cooper-
ation between the two countries in the fields of mining, petroleum, agricul~:ure,
fishing, transportation and communications. Argentina is also granting to Equatorial
_ Guinea a line of credit of $5 million for the purchase of Argentinian products. The
two countries also concluded a cultural agreement and decided to form a joint com-
mission. During Mr Maye Ela's stay in Santiago, Chile and Equatorial Guinea decided
to raise their diplomatic relations to ambassadorial level and signed two cooperation
agreements, one in the cultural area and in education and the other in the field of
science and technology. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET NlEDITERRANEENS in
French 8 May 81 p 1308J [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie. Paris 1981] 8946
CSO: 4400/1183
22
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFF[C1AL USE ONLY
MOZAMBIQUE
ECONOMIC LINKS WITH S. AFRICA SEEN RECONSIDERED
London NEW AFRICAN in English May 81 p 22
[Article by Colm Foy: "Mozambique Prepares for the SA Terrorists"]
[Excerpts] Facing sabotage, subversion and espionage
inspired by the South African Government, Mozambicans are
having to ad3ust to life under the threat of terrorism.
[The author] reports on the background of today's tensions.
SINCE INDEPENDENCE five years Now, however, following South
ago, the People's Republic of Mozambi- Africa's attack on the Maputo suburb of
que has been forc~d to maintain economic Matola - falsely declared to be an ANC
links with South Africa. base by Pretoria - ideas in Maputo are
Odious ae the South African connec- beginnang to change.
tion is, it hae been necessary becauae of It has become clear that Mozambique's
:4lozambique's peculiar historical cir- hitherto unavoidable relationship with
cumstances. Moaambique's own South Africa does not render it immune
economic development and transport to attack. The recent incursion, succeas-
infrastructure were subjugated to the fully repelled by M~zambique forces at
- purpose of serving British and Ponra de Ouro, has reinforced this view.
South African interests. Albie Sachs, veteran South African
The severin~ Qf the campaigner against apartheid and now
South Afncan connection was unthink- lecturing at the law faculty of Maputo's
able. FRELIMO is the first to recognise Eduardo 11Kondlane University, describes
that the revolutionary society they wish the atmosphere in Maputo as "dramatic".
to create can only be brought into Initial dismay and shock at the Matola
existence with the support and consent of incident has been replaced by determina-
the people. Bringing about their ruina- tion, anger and a spirit of resistance.
tion by destroying the country's economic FRELIMO has respunded to the threat
syatem would only lead ta the collapse of by organising itself through work com-
the FRELIMO Government and an end to mittees and neighbourhood committees
any hope of constructing a new society. into a state of readiness. ~'REL.IMO
Accordingly, Mozambique tried to pointa out that Mozambique is under
establish a modus uiuendi with the Botha ettack, not because it harbours ANC
~ regime. Economic links would be main- bases - which it does not - but because
tained but, of course, diplomatic relations the Mozambican revolution is anathema
could not be eatablished. FRELIMO, to South Africa, as true independence of
while supporting the ANC of South ~any of South Africa's neighFSours
Africa, decided not to allow ANC bases or threatens the structure of apartheid
training camps on its territory. A reason- itself.
able precaution, conaidering the proxim- Further shocks to the Mozambican
ity of the capital, Maputo, to the South people catne with the discovery of a CIA
African border. cell in Maputo, and its complicity with
23
FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
South African military security. The
claims that the cell was oni;; revealed
- becauae of Cuban assistance has led to
great indignation and anger, since it
implies Mozambicans are unable to
handle such intrigues themselves.
~FRELIMO is organieing _militia
groups, uaing anything to hand as
weapons.
It is too early to say what effect this wi11
have on existing economic links with
Pretoria, but Mozambique muat obvi-
ously be reconsiderinQ its position.
COPYRIGHT: 1981 IC Magazines Limited
CSO: 4420
24
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R004400020020-3
FOR OFFI~CIAL USE ONLY
NIGER
BRIEFS
CANADIAN AID--The Canadian International Development Agency (ACDI) expects to grant
$60 or $80 million in aid to Niger during the next 5 years, to aid in developing
agriculture and energy. This decision was taken after the Canadian visit of
Mr Mahamane, Nigex'.s minister c~,f Planning, who stated, "We are aiming at three
~ goals: first, food sel�-sufficiency, next development by and for Niger and, lastly,
economic independence." Since 1962, the ACDI has supplied Niger with a financial
contribution amounting to $84 million. A Canadian delegation will go to that coun-
try i.n 1982 tu reevaluate the five-year aid program. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPI-
CAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in French 8 May 8] p 1301] [COPYRIGHT:--Rene Moreux et Cie
Paris 1981~ 8946
- ABU DHABI LOAN RATIFICATION--The Council of Ministers of Niger on 9 April adopted a
draft edict authorizing ratification of the loan agreement for 30 million dirhams,
or 1.6 billion CFA francs, between the Republic of Niger and the Abu Dhabi Fund for
_ the SONICHAR [Anou Araren Nigerien Coal Company~ project. Adoption of this text
makes possible installation at the Anou Araren plant of a second electric generator,
- which will supply electricity to the region's uranium mines as well as to Agadez
and Arlit consumers. The loan also makes possible the furnishing of social equip-
ment and development services, as well as staffing and the training of Nigerien per-
sonnel. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81 �
' p 1301J [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 8946
CSO: 4400/1183
25
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
NIGERIA
DEVELOFING RELATIONS WITH V'ARIOUS COUNTRIES DESCRIBED
,
Franco-Nigerian Economic Relations
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET A~DITERRANEENS in French 10 Apr 81 p 101~
[Text] The French delegation from the Production and Exchange Committee of the Na-
tional Assembly, which went to Nigeria last February (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITER-
RANEENS, 20 February, p 430), presented the report of its mission at the Bourbon
Palace on 2 April.
The delegation, chaired by Pierre Weisenhorn (RPR deputy from the Haut-Rhin), in-
cluded Messxs Joseph-Henri Maujouan du Gasset (UDF deputy from the Loire-Atlantique),
Rene Gaillard (PS deputy from Deix-Sevres), Charles Revet (UDF deputy from Seine-
Maritime) and Andre Soury (PCF deputy from Charente).
During their stay they made several visits throughout the country and had many con-
tacts with elected officials and local leaders, as well as with official representa-
tion and French private companies.
In Lagos they talked wi*h the deputies from the Federal Chamber of Representatives
and were received by the vice president of that assembly, Alhaji Idriss. They also
met with the leaders of the Manufacturers Association, which represents Nigerian em-
ployers.
In Abuja they visited the site of ~he future capital and were received by the leaders
of the Federal Capital Development Authority. They saw the work being carried out
by SAE [expansion unknown] and DUI~Z [expansion unknown].
In Kaduna they presided at French Day at the International Fair and visited the
Peugeot plant.
In Warri they visited the ELF [Gasoline and Lubricants Company of FranceJ installa-
tions and the Michelin installations at Port Harcourt.
Thus the delegation was able to appraisr: the possibilities being offered to French
firms and investors to participate further in the economic expansion of the "giant
of Africa." In fact, Mr Weisenhor;.i recalled that Nigeria, with its 80 to 100 mil-
lion inhabitants, is the most heavily populated country in Africa, and he emphasized
that it had become France's largest partner in black Africa and the second largest
on the continent (it was its third laxgest supplier of oil in 1980 and became the
26
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFI~CIAL USE ONLY
second largest, after Saudi Arabia, in the early months of 1981). It is therefore,
he said, "an extremely important commercial partner of France" which might easily
be compared, he added, "to all of the French-speaking countries." He pointed out
that bilateral relations were currently evolving very favorably, to the point that
the number of French people residing in the federation had doubled in the last 5
years, going from 4,000 in 1975 to 8,000 in 1980. This increase could only be
thwarted by internal problems sr.emming f.rom the very nature of the regime and by cer-
tain positions being taken by French policy. Thus, he said, the delegation was able
to establish same aggressiveness toward France because of its present attitude vis-a-
vis South Africa and the maintaining of its troops in several countries. But for
now this aggressiveness is not preventing the French from being very much appreciated
and the uncertainty as to the evolution of the situation in Nigeria is not taking on
any dramatic character.
On the contrary, the delegation thinks that Nigeria offers a special interest to
French investors in the present economic situation, because of its new development
plan, and points out that a rather lively foreign competition is already in evidence.
hir Weisenhorn stressed the necessity of having small and medium-sized French firms
participate more fully in the country's economic expansion. The PME's [Small and
Medium-Sized Businesses], he said, should receive more support from the administra-
tion. This would make it possible to balance and diversify bilateral trade and
would also contribute to the development of employment in France itself.
Mr Weisenhorn suggests in his report three measures likely to promote the develop-
ment of economic relations between the two countries: increase the means for eco-
nomic expansion positions in Lagos, reevaluate the established procedure for cultural
and technical cooperation and pay more marked attention to the French people residing
abroad.
= The report of the chairman of the French delegation showed the film made by the
team from Brittanny's FR3 station, which came to Nigeria on the occasion of the
Kaduna Fair. The film showed various aspects of the country's development, especi-
ally the extremely interesting views of the worksite of the future federal capital,
where it was possible to determine that much remains to be done.
Nigerian-British Economic Relations
Paris MARCIiES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS in French 10 Apr 81 p 1012
_ [Text] Visiting London early in April un his way home from a trip to the United
States, the Nigerian Federal Foreign Affairs Minister, Alhaji Umaru Dikko, accused
British businessmen of being insufficiently aggressive in his country's market. He
said he believed they should not appear to be so timorous, and on the other hand
should not hesitate to confront certain risks. He recalled that important contracts
were going to be concluded for realization of the first phase of a railroad project
amounting to 1 billion pounds ($2,.2 billion), which involves connecting Port Har-
court with the future steel complex at Ajaokuta. Of course, he said, a British firm,
John Laing, has bid on one section which is to connect Umuahia with Enugu, within
~ the framework of a European consortium. But other companies, European and Japanese
in particular, have shown a very firm wish to get the largest contracts. The Brit-
ish firms, the minister continued, on the other hand manifested little interest in
the 250-million-pound program for renovation of rolling stock and other equipment of
the national railroad company.
27
FOR OFFIC'IAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR OFFI~:IAL USE ONLY
Alhaji Umaru Dikko showed that he was in favor of the most vnportant advent of the
British in his company, but he emphasized that he hoped to see them come more for
the purpose of investing than seeking to increase trade.
He recalled that Nigeria had envisaged building a very important ~ort complex SO krn
east of Lagos, capable of receiving 30,000 to 40,000-ton ships (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
I~DITERRANEENS, 27 March, p 841). But this complex, �easit~ility studies for which
" were done by a Japanese company, is likely to interest man;~ others in its realiza-
tion, all the more so because the investment provided for is extremely high: 305.4
million naira.
The minister listed other interesting pr.ospects for Briti:~h firms, especially those
involving improving river transport and development of the merchant fleet.
On the subject of contracts for arms purchases by Nigeria~ in Great Britain, which
were the subject in the beginning o� the conversations oi President Shagari during
his official visit to London (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET NlEDIT1~RRANEENS, 20 March, p 787).
one is scarcely enlightened. The Vickers firm has refused to confirm that it was
negotiating some 75 million pounds in sales of equipment, but on the Nigerian side,
they were affirmative concerning the existence of bargai.ning. In any case, it is
doubtful that Great Britain is taking on for itself alorie 600 million pounds in arms
sales, the competition in this market appearing to be very strong.
Britain's Bigge~t African Customer
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET NIEDITERRANEENS in Rrench 10 Apr 81 p 1013
[Text] Nigeria in 1980 took its positian as Great Britain's biggest African custom-
er, just ahead of South Africa, with purchases, according to the British Department
of Com??erce, amounting to 1204.3 millior~ pounds. South African purchases, still ac-
cording to the same source, amounted to 1002 million pounds.
On the other hand, South Africa last year was the biggest African supplier to Great
Britain, with 756,397 million pounds, Nigeria being in third place, after Egypt, with
151,563 million pounds.
Thus the surplus in the trade balance for Great Britain is expressed by 1052.8 mil-
lion pounds in trade with Nigeria and by 245.6 million pounds in its trade with
South Africa.
One fi~ids that Egypt, Great Britain's third biggest customer and second biggest sup-
plier on the continent (with 346,688 million pounds in purchases and 336,595 million
pounds in sales) is a long way from the other two partners of that country as far as
the total value of the trade is concerned, South Africa placing in the lead with
1758.4 million pounds, ahead of Nigeria with 1,356 million pounds.
Nigerian-Brazilian Cooperation
Paris MARCFiES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANLENS in French 10 Apr 81 p 1013
[Text] Nigerian-Brazilian cooperation, begun in January 1979 at the time of the vis-
it of Gen Musa Yar'Adua, the then chief of statf of general headquarters in Nigeria
(MARCI(ES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS, 2 February 1979, p 258), to Brasilia, is about
to undergo new development with the signing in Lagos of six draft treaties involving
28
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFIi,IAL USE ONLY
professional training in the industrial sectors and the sectors of transportation,
telecommunications, agriculture, commerce and culture. Concerning agriculture, we
recall that agreements had previously been signed last year in the Brazilian capi-
tal, between the Nigerian minister in charge of that department, Alhaji,Ibrahien
Gusau, and Brazil's Foreign Affairs Minister, Ramiro Saraiva Guerreiro (MARCHES TROP-
ICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS, 25 July 1980, p 1860).
The texts that were just signed were signed on 26 March by the same Brazilian minis-
ter and the Nigerian Federal Planning Minister, PMie Adenike Ebun Oyagbola, at the
first meeting in Lagos of the joint co~mnission created in January 1979.
It was emphasized that the conversations went from the level of simple commercial
exchanges to that of a global cooperation. In this way the two parties went
on to conclude an agreement involving NOVACAP in the building of the
future federal capital in Abuja, and they went ahead with the study of an approach-
ing fiscal agreement establishing the principle of double taxation. On the cultural
level, joining the universities of Sao Paulo and Lagos was envisaged, and should oc-
cur soon.
~Ye noted in 1979 that Nigeria had become Brazil's biggest commercial partner in black
Africa. And in fact the increase in conunercial exchanges between the two countries
has bee~l especially impressive during these last 6 months. Whereas in 1970 these
exchanges were only $5 million, they already reached $12 million in 1973 and then
$50 million in 1974, and they were figured at $271 million in 1980. But these ex-
changes are extremely unbalanced. Brazi.l's sales to its partner last year, in fact,
- amounted to $271 million, while its purchases amounted to only $88 million.
'Ct~e Brazilian sales principally concern vehicles in CKD (Volkswagen)
assen?bled in Lagos (20,000 in 1980, or 12 percent of Brazilian exports). Nigeria's
sales principally concern oil (30,000 barrels per day), rubber and palm oil. But,
despite its desire to sell more oil to reduce its deficit, a Brazilian source indi-
cates that there is no plan to rapidly increase oil purchases in Nigeria.
~ .Petr,oleum Products Exchange
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS in French 10 Apr 81 p 1013
[Text] The African oil-producing countries should imitate the example of Mexico and
Venezuela in order to aid the continent's poorest countries, stated Spiff Taribo,
- Nigeria's ambassador to Venezuela. "Countries such as Nigeria, Libya, Gabon and
Algeria should sign, with the non-producing countries of Africa, agreements similar
to the San Jose, Costa Rica, Venezuela-~Iexican agreement offering advantageous
supply conditions to ten Caribbean and Central American countries," Mr Taribo said
in Caracas in an interview with the local press agency VENPRESS.
blr Taribo, the first resident ambassador. from Nigeria to Venezuela, stated on the
other hand that Nigeria and Venezuela are currently studying the possibility of ex-
_ changing petroleum products. Nigeria, he said, would s~ply light oil in exchange
for heavy oil, depending on the needs of both countries (on this subject, see
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS, 1 February 1980, p 261).
We remind you that Venezuela and Nigeria are both members of OPEC.
29
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOIt OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Austro-Nigerian Trade Increases
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS in French 10 Apr 81 p 1013
[Text] The very strong increase in Austro-Nigerian trade established during the
first half of 1980 (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS, 19 December, p 3483) contin-
ued during the next quarter, so that during the 9 months the exchanges amounted to a
total of 2,880 million schillings, with 1,620 million in Austrian exports 183.5
percent over the 9 months of 1979) and 1,260 million in Nigerian exports 116.8
percent).
The increase in Austrian exports, which left Nigeria with a deficit balance of 360
million schillings, was chiefly due to increased deliveries of road vehicles (trucks
and special vehicles), automobile accessories, machinery and equipment, paper and
cardboard and manufactured products.
As for the increase in sales by Nigeria to Austria, it was basically due to oil de-
liveries, which climbed to 1,209 million schillings, against 531 million during the
same period of the preceding year 127.5 percent).
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981.
8946
CSO: 4400/1154
30
FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
- NIGERIA
ECONOMIC, POLITICAL SITUATIONS ANALYZED
London NEW AFRICAN in English Apr 81 p 65
[Text]
~Nigeria's Second Republic was not born easily. The country led by
President Shehu Shagari has gone through turbulent elections and
- an even tougher period of transition from military to civilian rule
THE Shagari government which is 'Z'Ct~c~OVeY
firmly set on a course of reconetruction To encourage foreign investment,
and development, and aided by the oil Shagari during hie period as president-
boom, has thrust Nigeria into the age of elect quickly scrapped the indigenisation
the petro-naira enabl:ng the country to p~~ices of the Federal Military Gov-
finance vital aectora in the country s day ernment from which l~e took over.
to day life. The Kainji and Bakolori dams, new
Such strides have put Nigeria in the road and telephone networke and a riee in
forefront of African politice giving the the atandard of living are evidence of
muacle to take radical standa on auch ~~~al development in the country. The
issues as the problems in eouthem dame have encouraged farmere in the
Africa, Weatern Sahara, and even to respective areae to adhere to government
- threaten British foreign policy by wield- programmea of agricultural diveraifica-
ing the oil gun. The Britieh conceded tion and have received incentivea which
defeat to their own embarraeement on have been coupled with radical changes
the Zimbabwe queation when Margaret in the land tenure laws.
Thatcher made a~ret-of-ita-kind U-turn A booming industry ie aupported by the
launching Zimbabwe to independence. port Harcourt oil-refinery which
Shagari was able to bend the Englieh by accounts for 80 percent of Nigeria's
] booting out British Petroleum (BP) revenue and gave the government �11.5

~ because of Lagos's disaatiafaction with billion to juggle with in the 1980-81
independenece conditione aet to keep out
Mugabe from the limelight. budget. Nigeria hasbecomean induetrial
A healthy economy backs national and giant in Black Africa.
external programmea. Nigeria had But all is not a bed of roees. Nigeria's
zoomed from a�4,000 million deficit in pioneer stridea in tl'ze eetabliahment of
1978 to a�10,000 million aurplus by the the Economic Community of West Afri-
end of the 1979 fiecal year. Foreign trade can States, (ECOWAS) binda it at least to
remaina viable, food production ie good being flexible in areaa of cuetoms regula-
and the buying power of the average tione and immigration laws. But the
Nigerian remaine healthy deapite a influx ofillegai immigrants has become a
climbing 15 percent inflation. aerious problem for the government.
31
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R004400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
With more than 1,500 aliens making into
Nigeria daily in aearch of work, the
Shagari government hae begun to feel
the burden.
'1'he worst it has felt so far ie registered
in the ariermath of the December Kano
diaturbances which leR more than 1,000
dead with riot leadere being former
deportees and iAegal immigranta from
Cameroon, Chad, Mali, Niger, and Upper
Volta. To stall the recurrence ofthe Kano
incident, Shagari hae called for a beefing
up of security especially at border poets
and for a strict adherence to the 90-day .
visa-free limit~tion on vieite as provided
for in the freedom of mov~nent of
ECOWAS citizena ae agreed in the ~
Community communiques.
On the home front, the government ia
faced with the remnante of the ethnic
affiliation whicli rceked Nigeria in the
laet 13 years. Partisan politics remain a
serious impediraent to the total democ-
ratisation ofthe country's political scene.
Party aupport runs baeically along
ethnic lines and thouRh ShaRari's
National People's Party is multi-ethnic
and seems to say all ia well, yet there ia a
dormant ethnic volcano which needs
cloee acrutiny lest it surpriaea everyone
with an eruption.
Decades
Apart from these, the governmest hat
other problems with local governni~nt.
The statea are conatantly in court with
the Federal Government either over
revenue allocation or some irregularity
in the partisan conduct of the courts or
some civil servant, thus bogging down
the files with litigation that will take
decades to procesa succesefully.
But theae form the characterietics of a
striving country about to find ita feet
while calling the shots for a change in ita
adminiatration. With only two and a half
years of achieving that, Nigeria stande
true to the name of being an emergent
giant~
COPYRIGHT: 1981 IC Magazines Limited
CSO: 4420/1014
32 .
" FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00854R000400420020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
NIGERIA
BRIEFS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTION--In January, for the third consecutive month, Nigerian petroleum
production remained above 2 million barrels per day, with 2,098,350 barrels. We re-
call that last Novembar, with 2,061,896 barrels, it almost matched the daily average
of the first 8 months of 1980 (2.1 million barrels), which it had lost temporarily
afterwards (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 16 and 30 January, pp 140 and 254).
Production by exploiting companies was as follows: Shell, ~1,195,~00 barrels per
day; Gulf, 365,000; Mobil, 215,800; Agip, 178,300; Elf, 88,000; Mobil Tenesse/Sun,
78,000; Texaco, 30,200; Pan-Ocean, 8,700; Ashland, 8,150 and Phillips, 1,400. On
the other hand, the producing states are, in descending order, after the states of
_ Rivieres and Be;~del, which are clearly in the lead with 770,800 and 738,000 barrels
per day respectively, the states of Cross River (270,000 barrels), Imo (170,000) and
Ondo (6,000). [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in Fren~h 10 Apr
31 p 1013] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981..] 8946
CSO: 4400/1154
33
F'OR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFiC[AL USE ONLY
SENEGAL
STATES GENERAL MEETS ON EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEETiS in French 8 May 81 p 1297
[Article: "Measures in Favor of Teacher.s"J
[Text] The licensing, revocation and suspension sanctions imposed against the strik-
ing teachers of the Sole Democratic Trade Union of Senegalese Teachers (SUDES) were
lifted by the government. This information was supplied in late April by
Kader Fall, the Senegalese minister of education.
The lifting of the sanctions which affected 60 teachers, including the leaders of
SUDES, had been requested by the Education States General, a vast meeting on the fu-
ture of the Senegalese school, which brought together over 2,000 participants last
January in Dakar.
The minister indicated that the Senegalese government also followed another of the
recommendations of the States General in deciding to abolish the audio-visual method
of teaching French which, he said, "has not attained its objectives." A new method
will go into effect, pending a revision of the entire Senegalese educational system,
- which is to be worked out by a reform commission.
Kader Fall indicated that the teaching of the national languages will be introduced
during the early primary years and that religious education will be a part of the
programs after it has been studied, and taking into account the secular character of
the Senegalese school.
We note, on the other hand, that President Abdou Diouf decided in mid-April to grant
a housing allowance to secondary teachers. This allowance, which until now has been
reserved for elementary teachers, was one of the unions' principal demands.
According to the official communique, extending the allowance to secondary teachers
comes within the framework of applying the resolutions of the Education States Gen-
eral.
The States General was the largest meeting organized in Senegal on a precise problem,
with free participation by all interested or concerned persons. It was also the
first materialization of the political openness announced by Abdou Diauf in his
first message to the nation after his accession to the presidency of the Republic,
following Leopold Sedar Senghor's retirement.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
8946
CSO: 4400/1183 34
FOI~ OFF[CIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPR~VED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02149: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
SENEGAL
ANAMBE BASIN IiYDROAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX in French 24 Apr 81
_ [Article: "SODAGRI: the Iiydroagricultural Development Project of the Anambe
Basin"]
[Text] In its general rural development policy, the Senegalese government is
~ry~hg to promote nat only large nydroagricultural developm~nt projects such as
- tTie Senegal River project ~an OMVS [Senegal River Development Organization]
pra~ect, in collaboration with Mali and Mauritania; see special issue of MARCHES
TROPTCAUX of 17 Apr~]. devoted to "The Senegal River Development Organization"),
_ fiut also projects wfiicFi are more limited but of no less interest, such as the
Anambe Basin hydroagricultural development project. The Saudi Development Fund
has just granted a loan of several billion CFA francs to launch thi~ pro3ect.
The Anambe Basin, located in Haute-Casamance, below the eastern end of the
Republic of Gambia, near the city of Velingara, covers an area of 1100 square
k~lometers. Tt forms a natural depression drained toward the South by the
Anamhe arhich tFieai flows ~nto tFie Rayanga.
In terms of agriculture, the Anambe basin produces millet, sorghum, corn, peanuts,
rice and cotton. Of the 37,OOOhectares of farm land recorded (of the 110,000
hectares of the basin), only 26,000 hectares are cultivated, the rest lying
fallow. The remaining 73,000 hectares are used as pastures for herds (64,000
horned cattle, 55,000 horned cattle and goats, 500 horses and 3,000 donkeys,
recorded in this zone).
The population of the basin is estimated at 43,000 inhabitants, 38,000 rural. The
act~ve population is approximately 58.5 percent of the resident population, or
approximately 20,000 persons t~ whom should be added close to 5,000 seasonal
workers, or a total of 25,000 active persons during winter plowing.
The Ends and Means of ~the Project
Of the 50 kilograms of rice consumed annually by each Senegalese, only 12
kilograms are proeuced in Senegal, the rest ha.ving to be imported. It is
tfius necessary to increase local production.
35
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02149: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONY.Y
Tturee zones have been chosen for the development of rice growing: the region of
the river under the direction of the Company for Development and Exploitation of
the Senegal River Delta (SAID), East Senegal where the Company for Development of
Textile Fibers (Sodefitex) is trying to introduce this crop, finally in Casamance,
the traditional rice-growing region.
At the stage of full development, the Anambe hydroagricultural development project
shnuld make possible production of 102,000 tons of cereals, including 88,500 of
paddy rice, 7,000 tons of sorghum and 6,500 tons of corn. This production will
meet the requirements of rural farmers and will make it possible to put on the
market a surplus of 50,000 tons of processed rice, more than 9,000 tons of corn
and sorghum and 4,400 head of fattened cattle, since the project for developing
tFie Anamiae valley is an integrated agriculture-cattle rearing-forest project in
wfi~ch select cattle-fattening has an irnportant place.
The small local farmer recruited from among the population of the basin will be
tfie principal beneficiaries of the project, since they will see their annual per
capita income double, with debts and water charges deducted. The latters will
cover all the operating and ma.intenance expenses of �he project. The Anambe
Valley development project will be carried out in several distinct phases
from 1980 to 1986.
The f irst is a pilot phase which will make it possible to draw conclusions from
tfie conditions under which the pilot area is developed and will provide guidelines
for managing other phases to come on a larger scale. This first phase of
implementation was launched using SODAGRI'S own resources. SODAGRI did not
expect external financing to be granted to launch the project.
During the 1979-1980 campaign, SODAGRI cleared and sowed 100 hectares under state
management for the production of seed and supervised 1,600 hectares of peasant
r~ce fields. It also supervised and assisted most farmers who devote themselves to
growing rice as well as other cereals. The following year SODAGRI developed 240
hectares of rainy season rice crops and supervised some 1,800 hectares of peasant
rice fields. In terms of production, in 1979-1980, 3,500 tons of paddy rice were
grown by subsistence farmers versus 5,000 tons the following year, with some 500
- tons of paddy rice marketed.
Thanks to double crops which will be practiced on the 1,000 f irst hectares and
then on the entire 1,420 hectares which this first phase involves, the production
achieved will make it possible to meet completely the rice requirements of the
departments of Velingara and Kolda.
The start of the second phase w~~~1 make it possible to expect production equal to
half the total tonnage af the traditional Casamance rice fields in less than 5
~ years at the level of the Anambe Basin. The most important construction works are
in this second phase. They extend over a 3-year period and involve the main
reservoir works, the anti-flooding works and the ma.in pumping station.
When these works are completed the construction of the Anambe left bank irrigation
network will begin. Between 1985 and 1995 the area will be developed at a more or
less steady rate of 1,350 net hectares per year.
36
FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R004400020020-3
FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY
The investment necessary for implementing this phase is increasing to 3.7 billion
CFA francs. The project's internal rate of profitability is approximately 6
percent, but could be increased.
Provision has been made for the construction of hydraulic works in order to attain
thzse different objectives. The hydraulic works would make it possible to tame
the waters of the Kayanga and the Anambe b.y building three dams which will make
possible gross storage of 430 million cubic meters, the distribution of 200 million
cufi ic meters of water annually and the production of 4 million kilowatt hours in
an average year with the Niandouba dam.
Rice, the main crop, will be grown on 96 percent of the area cultivated in winter
and on 75 percent during the dry season. Integration with agriculture-cattle
rearing is envisaged for most of these crops. The important water reservoirs
created by the dams will provide the water supply for the cattle, while the
subproducts such as rice mill refuse, bran, etc., will make it possible to meet
tfie livestock's food requirements.
TEie company for Agircultural and Industrial Development of Senegal (SODAGRI) is
- an intervention firm under the tutelae of the Ministry of Rural Development, for
~ the development of the hydro-agricultural improvement projects of the Anambe Basin
- in Naute-Casamance and of the irrigated areas in the semi-arid zone (the Louga
region~ on 145 hectares.
It is a semi-public company with capital of 120 million CFA francs, divided
between the Price Standardization and Stabilization Fund, the National Development
- Bank of Senegal and the Senegalese government.
Of the 60 people employed by SODAGRI, 50 are permanently based in Velingara, three
in Dakar for studies and in order to ensure the launching of the Louga projects,
and seven persons are serving as liaisons between the projects and the llakar
office. It should be noted, finally, that the construction of SODAGRI head-
quarters ~n Velinagara will take place when the credits provided for the first
pfiase of the project are effectively released.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris 1981
9380
CSO: 4400/1139
37
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICiAL USE ONLY
SENEGAL
BRIEFS
BELGIAN SENATORS' VISIT--A delegation from the foreign relations committee of the
lselgian Senate on 28 April concluded a une-week visit to Senegal. The delegation,
which was chaired by Jacc~ues Hoyaux, visited the various Belgian cooperation pro-
jects in Senegal and met with Louis Alexandrenne, the Senegalese minister of Plan-
ning and Cooperation. The group of Belgian senators was also received by
Amadou Cisse Dia, the president of the Senegalese National Assembly, and it held a
working session with the foreign affairs committee of that assembly. The Belgian
senators also took part in the opening of a practical training school, a gift from
the kingdom of Belgiwn to Senegal, at a cost of 50 million CFA francs. [Text]
[Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81 p 1297J [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie. Paris 1981] 8946
TAX INCREASE--On 28 April the Senegalese Council of Ministers adopted a bill to in-
_ crease corporation taxes, to improve the revenues of the Public Revenue Department.
To this end it was decided to increase the rate of the tax on service benefits
(TPS). The income expected from these increases will be around 2.2 billion CFA
francs. On the other hand, Minister of Information and Telecommunications
Djibo Ka indicated that a government bill will soon be presented to the Senegalese
National Assembly providing for monthly retirement payments. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET PIEDITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81 p 1298] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et
_ Cie Paris 1981] 8946
L'LECTRIC POWER PLANT--The French company, Alsthom Atlantique recently received an
important order from Senegal. In fact, Senegal Electricity signed an order for
1.arth Power Stations Engineering to supply a"turnkey" power plant as stipulated for
the city and industrial area of Kaolack. The order concerns manufacture of the com-
plete power plant, administrative buildings, villas for personnel and the urbaniza-
tion of a 12-hectare area. The station in its first section will be equipped with
two SEMT [expansion unknownJ-Pielstick 8 PC2-5 in-line engines, with a total power
of 7 megawatts. In a second section this power will be brought up to 21 megawatts
- (in 1984), and in the final stage to SO megawatts. Delivery of the first section is
scheduled for December 1982. ~Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in
_ French 8 May 81 p 1298J [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 8946
FRENCH FOOD DONATION--France has granted Senegal food aid amounting to 4,700 tons of
corn, worth 200 million CFA francs. This delivery, which is soon to be augmented by
an additional 5,000 tons of corn, was sent to the Senegalese authorities by
Michel de Bonnecorse, the head of the French Aid and Cooperation mission in Dakar.
[Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81 p 1298]
[COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 8946
38
FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR OFF7CIAL USE ONLY
CZECHOSLOVAK AGREEMENT CONCLUDED--Senegal and Czechoslovakia have concluded a
cultural and technical agreement concerr.ing, among other things, cooperation in
the fields of education, training, public health, sports, arts and information.
[Text] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie, Paris 1981] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX
~T MEDTTE1tRAN~ENS in Freiich 24 Apr 81 p 1184 ] 9380
C~CO : 4400/1139
39
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
TANZANIA
LU~ . r J
DTSMTSS'AL OF CIVIL SERVANTS--The govexnment of Zanzibar dismissed nine officials
- of tfie M~n~stry for Tndustries, including the head of the cabinet, Mr. Kankuni,
for trafficki'.ng ~n cocoa nut oil and soap. [Text] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et
Cie., Paris 1981] [Par~s MARCHE3 TROPICAUR ET MEDITERitANEENS in French 24 Apr
81 p 1201] 9380
INCREASII~IG CRIMINALITY--The Tanzanian governmeni: named a five-man Commission to
finld an ~nqu~ry ~nto the. origin of the arms used in armed attacks and other acts
of v~olence, wfiici~ are clearly on the increase in the country, the Tanzanian
minister for home affairs, General Muhidin Kimario, announced on 18 March.
According to the m~ster, from 1975 last pear, the number of violent acts in
~Ti~cFi f~rearms were used has r~sen ~rom 125 to 500 . He also conf irmed that
- cexta~n o~ tFie azzns used came from the country's armed forces an,si that certain
oE the criYaiYtals Belonged to tfie Nat~nal Secur~tp Forces. The minister admitted
tE~at the presence of permanent armed patrols in the city of Dar-es-Salaam did
not enhance the image of the city, but, he said, "there is nothing else to be
done." Patrols fiave been dismissed in Dar-es-Salaam, Mwanza, Moshi and Arusha
arhere tfie crime wave has reached alarming proportions. [Text] [COPYRIGHT: Rene
- Mpreux et Cie., Paris 1981] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET 1~DITERRANEENS in
Fre~ch 24 Apr 81 p 1201J 9380
EXPANDED ITALIAN COOPERATION--Aristides Gunella, the Italian undersecretary of State
for Foreign Affairs, went to Dar es Salaam in late April to finali.ze the technical
and financial agreements between Tanzania and Ituly. Thi~ is how it happened that on
2 May in the Tanzanian capital three agreements involving loans amounting to a total
of $53 million granted by Italy to Tanzania were signed. The puxpose of the loans is
to finance the carrying out of development programs and feasibility studies, the
purchase of various products in Italy, as well as the training of Tanzanian stu-
dents. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in French 8 May 81
p 1312] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981J 8946
40
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR OFF:iCtAL USE ONLY
CARBON OXIDE DISCOVERIES--Stephen Lear, general manager of Tanzania Oxygen Ltd
(TOL), has announced that installations for exploitation of a natural deposit of
carbon dioxide (98 percent pure) situated at Kyejo in the Rungwe district (Mbeya
region), are to be shipped from Denmark to Tanzania next September. Exploitation
will be provided as a joint venture by TOL and the National Development Corporation
(NDC) of Tanzania. The deposit is estimated at several million cubic meters and will
be capable to satisfying the local demand. The expected installations will have a
~reatment capacity of 300 kg of gas per hour. The necessary investment will be about
17 million Tanzanian shillings. Other natural carbon dioxide deposits have been dis-
covered in the same district. [Text] ~Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS in
French 8 May 81 p 1313] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 8946
CSO: 4400/1183
41
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R004400020020-3
FOR OFFIC'IAI. USF: ONLY
ZAIRE
R1iVIVnL OF LUMUMBA MOVENIEiJT llESCRIBED
I'aris AFRIQUL:-ASIE in French 16-29 Mar E1 pp 31-32
[Article by Antonia t~lis: "The Lumumba Renaissance"]
[Text] ~y breathing new life into t}ie I~II~IC/L [National Congolese Movement-
Lumumba], the children of the assassinated leader intend to show the
response of the new generations to the regime of blood and grief now
being visited upon the Zairian people by Mobutu and his allies.
A little over 20 years ago, on 17 January 1961, Patrice Lumumba, after a manhunt
or.banized by Mobutu, the then chief of staff of the national army, succumbed to the
blows inflicted by his torturers, at the same time as his faithful companions in bat-
tle, hlaurice Mpolo and Joseph Okito. But that monstrous assassination was obviously
_ iiot eiiough to reassure those who, in order to usurp the power, would not hesitate to
sell out the new state's fragile independence and surrender their country to the man-
cuvers a11C~ the interests of the former colonial powers. Everything was also done to
efface to a mere memory the man who had just entered forever into the history of his
people as a hero and a martyr, and who wrote, shortly before his death: "Neither
brutalities nor cruelty nor torture have ever led me to ask for pardon, for I prefer
to die with my head high, with unshakable faith and profound confidence in my coun-
try's destiny, rather than live in submission and distrust of the sacred principles."
But thcy tried in vain to obliterate every trace of the man who had been able to ein-
body his pcople's highest aspirations to freedom and dignity. So much so that even
today--perhaps more than ever--in Zaire, no one can claim any credibility without
laying claim one way or another to Patrice Lumumba's legacy; and so much so that
Mol~titu himself, the principal architect of the murder of the prime minister of the
first riational union government of the former Belgian Congo, but a shameless maneu-
verer, ivas not afraid to attempt to recover for himself, for purely demagogic and
cleceitful purposes, the capital of confidence left behind by the assassinated leader.
lt was for this reason that in 1966 the "guide" in Kinshasa proclaimed Patrice
- Lumumb~i a"national hero," while a year later he was trying to make people believe
tliat tl~e La N'Sele manifesto, announcing the claimed "new fight" of Mobutu, drew its
source from the ideals of the founder of the National Congolese Movement (I~M1C).
`I'}~is was how, despite the distorting bombardment of Mobutist propaganda, despite a
rierce repression that admits no argument, the exemplary fight of Patrice Lumumba and
fiis companions remained undying in the popular memory. All the more so because until
42
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020020-3

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020020-3
FOR OFFIC'IAI. USE ONLY
ne~w nothin~; has come to fill the political voicl that was openecl up by the assassina-
tion of 17 January 1961; and because for 20 years the frustrations, the suffering, the
aisillusionments have never stoppecl accumulating.
l.ikc Rcli~s
Just as, contrary to what the Kinshasa straw men might have hoped, devotion to the
icic:~ls for which the Congolese leader gave his life is far from being the prerogative
of opposition students' or intellectuals' circles alone. It is not unusual to find
in ttie countryside old villagers who, despite the risks incurred, kept as relics,
i~iclclen iii some secret place, their first card of inembership in the party of Patrice
[,umtunba, the [~WC, or a photo of its fourider. Finally, oral tradition, transmitting
to ~ie?a ~enerations the knowledge of the Lumumbist epic, triumphed over official si-
lence C1T1C~ lies.
'l't~at i.s to say that, 20 years after his disappearance Patrice Lumumba, whose life
w~?s mer~e~l with the uncompromising fight against colonialism, who knew how to out-
5mart t}~e prevarications of 13russels and lead his country to independence, has re-
mained, for tlie popular masses of Zaire, the symbol of their most profound aspira-
tions. In any case it was out of this fact and the necessity, imposed more and more
urgently by the present internal crisis, to assemble and organize the country's
strong forces around a similar objective--to put an end to the Mobutist dictatorship
anci 20 years of savage neocolonialism--that last 15 January in Brussels, Zairian pa-
triots annouilced their determination to breathe new life into the I~WC/L, whose "re-
naissance" they proclaimed.
"'ChiS is IlOt a questio~l," the movement's spokesmen emphasize, "of a~i initiative stir-
recl iip from outside by a group of political exiles...On the contrary, the decision to
start up again on new founclations the movement founded in October 1958 by
l'atricc Lwnumba is the outcome of a process begun a long time ago, at the request of
~ tiic rnilitants in t}ie interior. It is the result of a process of investigation, anal-
ysis aiicl dialogue that lias been conducted in the field for moiiths."
At the same time, to cut short any potential tendentious speculation, the leaders of
tl~c movement, whose secretary general is Francois Tolenga Lumumba (the son of
('atric~ Lumumba) aiicl whose spokesman is Julienne Lumumba (his daughter), deny that
- thcy want to make the NWC/L a"family affair." "We are not acting as Lumumba's heirs
or guaraians of the legitimacy of Lumumbism," Julienne Lumumba stated in this connec-
tion l:ist 15 January in Brussels, and she rightly recalled that the assassinated
leader "never behaved like a monarch and never had any pretension to founding a dyn-