JPRS ID: 9812 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

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• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020051-9
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• Document Page Count: 62
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 51
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9812
25 June 1981
Sub-S~haran Africa Re ort
p
FOUO No. 727
~ F~1S ~OREIGN BROADCAST IIVFORMATION SERVICE
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. JPRS L/9812
25 June 1981
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOUO No. 727
CONTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
Figures for 1978, 1979 USSR-Africa Trade Given
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERItANEENS, 1 May 81) 1
Gis card's Former Policies, Mitterrand's New I7irections Reviewed
(JEUNE AFRIQUE, 20 May 81) 9
CENTRAL AFRICt~N REPUBLIC
Dacko Accused of Electoral Fraud
(Antonia Blis; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 25 May-S Jun 81)............o..... 16
- COMORO TSLANAS
Strange Coup Attempt Reported
(AFRIQUE-ASIE, 27 Apr 81) 19
Yrime Minister Speaks on Economic, Social Development
(MAR(~iES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 8 May 81) 21
Briefs
Comoros-Madagascar Toward Rapprochement 24
UN: Financing Agreement 24
Bid: Loan Agreement 24
CON GO
Sassou Nguesso Refuses To Yield Military Independence
(Siradiou Diallo; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 27 May 81) 25
CABON
Briefs
Census Results 28
- a - [III - NE & A- 120 FOUO]
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GHANA
. Stiut-Down o.f Only I7iamond Mine Seen Likely
_ (MARCEiES TROPICAUR ET MEDITERRANEENS, 15 Ma}~ 81) . ~ . . . 29
- GUINEA
Brief~
Officer Visits Yugoslavia 30
IVO RY OOAS T
Prospect of Increased Oil Production Discussed
(MAR(~-lES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRAidEENS, 15 May 81) . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . 31
].I~TY A
Social, Economic Problems Reawaken Tribal Rivalries
(Michael Qzege; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 11 May 81) . . . . ~ . . . . ~ . 32
Moi, Students Clash as Relations Deteriorate
(NEW AFRICAN, May 81) 38
Kenya Aizways Shows Losses
(NEW AFRICAN, May 81) 40
MAllAGE1S CAR
AREMA Efforts To Overcome Economic Problems Uescribed
(Solofo Rasoarahona; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 27 Apr 81)...........~.... 42
MAURITIUS
Labor Party Worries About Oppc~sition Gains
(AFRIQUE-ASIE, 27 Apr 81) 44
SAO TOMf: Al~1ll PRINCIPE
Briefs
Ambassador's Communication 46
SENFGAL
New Government 'Rectifying Errors'
(AFRIQUE-ASIE, 25 May-8 3un 81) 47
Situation, Prospects of Country's Agriculture Viewe3
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 15 May 81) 48
- b -
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ZAMBIA
Government Considered Unable To Survive Possible General
Strike
(Masautso Masautso; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 25 May-8 Jun 81)............ SS
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
~.T.CURES FOR 1978, 1979 USSR-AFRICA TRADE GIVEN
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITER:tANEENS in French 1 May 81 pp 1231-1233
[Text] The foreign trade of the Soviet Union, as shown in tables USSR-Foreign
Trade-A and USSR-Foreign Trade-B, has mainly to do with the SEMA-member natiotis
(51.1 percent of the exports and 52 percent of the total imports in 1979). The
developing countries, including Cuba, account for about a fifth of the total volume
of the Soviet Union's foreign trade, with Africa maintaining only very limited trade
relations with this country.
A great disparity exists among the trade ~artners of the USSR in Africa. This is
what is clearly revealed by tab~es USSR-Foreign Trade-C and USSR-Foreign Trade-D,
Tt can be seen that the three main African suppliers of the USSR--Egypt, Ghana and
Libya--accounted for 59.6 percent a.~. African shipments to the USSR in 1978 and
67.2 percent in 1979. The "outsiders" are the Ivory Coast, Morocco and Algeria.
The range of the USSR's African clients is a little broader, but seven countries
occupy the front ranks--Libya, Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, Nigeria, Angola and
Ethoipia--with 84.4 percent of the turnover in 1978 and 83.9 percenC in 1979.
The table USSR-Foreign Trade-A also shows that it is in trade with Africa that the
rate of coverage of imports by exports is most unfavorable for the USSR. It further
deteriorated between 1978 (90,6) and 1979 (73.8).
A. Soviet Imports from Africa
Table USSR-Foreign Trade-E details the Soviet Union's African imports for the
years 1978 and 1979. Let us note the overwhelming predominance of food products
~ of farm origin, as well as the growing role played by oil and oil products (table
' USSR-Foreign Trade-F). We will list here the main suppliers of the USSR in 1979,
by product:
- 1. Farm food products--cacao: In order of importance, Gha.na (56,520 tons, 150
million rubles), the Ivory Coast (25,299 tons, 62.2 million rubles), for a total of
89,749 tons imported.
}~resh fruits and vegetables: Morocco led (153,537 tons, 43 million rubleti), followed
by Egypt (61,163 tons, 22,2 million rubles). The main imports were oranges
(208,211 tons), bananas and pineapples. ~
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Wint~s 1nd rum: The USSR has three suppliers of wine or rum in Africa--Algeria
- (8,862,000 bottles of fine wine, 5,874,000 rubles, and 109,830 hectoliters of
otller wine.s, 21.9 million rubles), Egypt (36,500 hectoliters of rum, 5,115,OQ0
rublr~5) and Morocco (36,100 hectoliters of wine, 733,000 rubles).
Cr.~ftc~c: 'l'Fi~~ USSR huya from Angola (4,900 tons, 9.5 million rubles), Ethiapi;.i
(7,000 tons, 18.4 million rubles), Guinea (250 tons, 500,000 rubles), and
- Tanzania (160 tons, 800,000 rubles).
Peanuts: The two suppliers of peanuts to the USSR are the Sudan (22,725 tons,
12.5 million rubles) and Senegal (2,820 tons, 1.55 million rubles).
Uther oleaginous crops: Olive oil is obtained from Tunisia (2,000 tons, 2 million
rubles), and oleaginous grains from Guinea (1,500 tons, 301,000 rubles) and Sudan
(681 tons, 418,000 rubles).
2. Oil and oil products--These products come exclusively from Libya (106.8 million
rubles).
3, Textil~ raw materials--These include spun cotton (Egypt, 15,268 tons, 84.3
million rubles) and cotton fiber (Sudan, 9,619 tons, 13.9 million rubles), and
sisal hemp (Tanzania, 2.1 million rubles; Angola, 134,000 rubles).
4. Manufactured products--The only African exporter of manufactured products to
tti~ USSR is Fgypt: carpets (88,033 square meters), knitted goods, linens, shoes
(148,000 pair), cotton goods (9,339 meters, 8.5 million rubles in all).
5. Ctlemical products--This category mainly represents cosmetics imported from
~gYPt.
6. Ores and metallic concentrates--These products come from Guinea (20.3 million
rubles) and Mozambique (642,000 rubles).
7. Timber--Quality woods are supplied by the Ivory Coast (75,537 cubic meters,
7.9 million rubles), Cameroon (41,181 cubic meters, 4.3 million rubles), Congo
(11,465 cubic meters, 1.2 million rubles), Liberia (7,732 cubic meters, 750,000
rubles), and Ghana (5,424 cubic meters, 700,000 rubles). Morocco is the main
txporter of cork (4.2 mi.llion rubles).
9. Sliips--The USSR buys ships only from Liberia.
9. Superph~sphates--Morocco is the only African supplier of superphosphates to the
USSR (63,088 tons, 6.8 million rubles).
l~. Soviet Exports to Africa
We do not have details on Soviet exports to Africa except for 85.4 percent of the
total in 1978 and 81.8 percent for I979. The following figures refer to the data
for the year 1979. Table USSR-Foreign Trade-F shows tYiat:
1. Tt~~ greater part of Soviet exports to Africa is accounted for by machines and
transportation equipment. The main customers are Libya (146.7 million rubles),
F~;ypt (53.7 million rubles), Algeria (45.4 million rubles), Angola (44.1 million
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rubles), Nigeria (24.1 million rubles), Mozambique (1l+.8 million rubles)
and Ethiopia (7.3 miilion rubles). Table USSR-Foreign Trade-G shows the distri-
bution of this category by sector.
2. Fuels--The leading African importers of Soviet fuels are Morocco (54 million
rubles), Egypt (16.3 million rubles), Guinea (I5.2 million rubles), Liberia (2.1
million rubles), Algeria (2 million rubles) and Guinea-Bissau (300,~00 rubles).
3. Nonedible raw materials, excluding fuels--Sawn resinous timber: Exports to
Africa, 42.3 million rubles, to the following clients: Egypt (196,000 cubic
meters, 25.5 million rubles), Morocco (68,200 cubic meters, 6.3 million rubles),
Algeria (6,700 cubic meters, 500,000 rubles), and Libya (6,200 cubic meters,
600,000 rubles).
Yaper: Almost 5 million rubles, with Egypt as the leading client (I3,386 tons, 3.6
million rubles).
Cement: The three cement customers of the USSR are Libya (137,000 tons, 3.4 million
rubles), Algeria (106,000 tons, 2.8 million rubles) and Tunisia (79,000 tons, 2.1
million rubles).
Slate: 97,000 rubles (1,876,000 standard slabs purchased by Libya).
4. Food products--Fresh and frozen fish: The USSR sells fish to Egypt (29,154
tons, 10.2 million rubles), Mozambique (18,241 tons, 3.3 million rubles), the
Ivory Coast (16,987 tons, 3.8 million rubles), Sierra Leone (11,077 tons, 1.7 million
rubles), Cameroon (7,052 tons, 1.9 million rubles), and the Congo (6,211 tons,
1.6 million rubles).
Refined sugar: Sugar sales go to Mali (8,454 cubic meters, 2.2 million rubles) and
Algeria (5,605 cubic meters, 1.4 million rubles).
Canned milk: Exports to Angola (1,823,OOQ cans, 335,000 rubles).
S. Manufactured articles, classified mainly by raw material--Textiles: Exports
totaling 9.35 million rubles. The main clients for cotton goods are Sudan
(3,276,t~00 meters), Benin (1,020,000 meters), Liberia (633,000 meters) and Algeria
(280,U00 meters). Spun rayon f'abrics are bought by Sudaz (2,872,000 meters) and
Libya (438,000 meters).
Rolled fPrrous metals and ~erroalloys: 2.5 million rubles (Egypt).
Sheets of glass: Exports: 331,Od0 square meters distributed among Tunisia
(147,000 rub~es), Sierra Leone (53,000 rubles) and Nigeria (50,000 rubles).
6. ChPmical Products--The USSR sells 1,503 tons of soap to Africa, including
1,210 tons to Zambia (377,000 rubles) and 55 tons to Algeria (13,000 rubles).
Pharmaceutical products: The main clients of the USSR for pharmaceutical products
are Algeria (311,000 rubles), Egypt (300,000 rubles), Morocco (282,000 rubles),
- Sudan (282,000 rubles) and Guinea (58,000 rubles).
Various other ~hemical ~roducts are sold ta Egypt (225,000 rubles).
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_ 7. Miscellaneous manufactured articles--The "miscellaneous manufactured articles"
category includes articles for everyday use (305,000 rubles), freezers (1,974 units,
- 191,000 rubles), cameras (2,900 units, 6?,000 rubles), sewing machirie (500 units,
~2,000 rubles), watches (22,200 units, 30,000 rubles) und film.
Ifc~for~~ concluditi~ this bric~f article on the trade between the USSR and the Africai~
continent, it should be stressed that in the course of recent decades the number of
African countries with which the Soviet Union has established regular trade and
economic relations has increased steadily. In 1960 the USSR had trade agreements
with 6 African nations. In 1965 it had such agreements with 22, and in 1980 with
39, accounting for approximately 95 percent of the entire population of the
developing countries on the continent. Agreements on economic and technical co-
operation have been signed with 34 developing countries i.n Africa.
It should be remember~d that the following have been built or are in the process of
construction with the participation of Soviet organizations: the Assuan hydro-
technical complex in Egypt, the largest in Africa; the Helouan (Egypt), E1-Hadjar
(Algeria) and Ajaokuta (Nigeria) metallurgical combines and workshops, an oi1
refinery in Ethiopia, a bauxite complex in Guinea, silos and canning factories
in tlie Sudan, a cement plant in Ma1i, a large number of higher and secondary edu-
cational institutions, as well as a series of other major projects provided with
Soviet equipment.
USSR-Forc~ign Trade-A USSR Foreign Trade
(In millions of rubles)
1978
Export Coverage
Import % Export % of Imports
Socialist countries 20,744.2 60 21,254.1 59.6 102.4
Industrial Western countries 10,978.8 31.8 8,701.1 24.4 79.2
Developing countries 2,831 8.2 5,714.8 16 201.9
including: Africa 694.9 2 629.7 1.8 90.6
Total 34,554.1 100 35,670 100 103.2
1979
Export Coverage
Import % Export % of Imports
Socialist countries 21,438.4 56.6 23,628.5 55.7 110.2
Lndustrial Western countries 13,255 35 12,506.7 29.5 94.3
I)eveloping countries 3,189.3 8.4 6,291.5 14.8 197.3
including: Africa 939.9 2.5 691.7 1.6 73.8
Total 37,882.7 100 42,426.7 100 112
* The first three quarters of 1980 yield the following figures: 76$ million
rubles of African imports for the USSR, and 636.8 million rubles for USSR
exports to Africa.
- The ruble-dollar conversion rate for 1980: 1 ruble =$1.45.
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USSR-Foreign Trade-B The Leading 20 Suppliers
and Customers of the US3R in I979
~ (In percentage of total USSR imports and exports)
Suppliers Customers
1. GDR 10.3 1. GDR 9.9
2. Poland 9.8 2. Poland 9
3. Czechoslovakia 8.4 3. Czechoslovakia 7.9
4. Bulgaria 8.4 4. Bulgaria 7.8
5. USA 6.6 5. Hungary 6.5
6. Hungary 6.4 6. FRG 5.2
7. FRG 6 7. Cuba S
8. Cuba 5.6 8. Finland 3.5
9. France 3.2 9. Yugoslavia 3.5
10. Japan 3.1 10. France 3.4
11. Finland 3 11. Great Britain 2.6
12. Romania 2.8 I2. Romania 2.5
13. Italy 2.8 13. Japan 2.2
14. Yugoslavia 2.8 14. Netherlands ~.1
15. Great Britain 2.1 15. Italy 2
_ 16. India 1.3 16. Mongolia 1.4
17. Canada 1.2 17. Sweden 1.3
18. Auatria 1 18. India 1.2
19. Australia 1 19. Belgium 1.2
20. Iraq 0.9 20. Vietnam 1
USSR-Foreign Trade-C The Leading 20 African Suppliers
and Customers of the USSR in 1978
(V = ~alue i~ millions of rubles;
percentage of the total value of purchases from or eales to Africa)
Suppliers V % V %
1. Egypt 198.4 28.5 1. Egypt 147.5 23.4
2. Ghana 109.4 15.7 2. Algeria 88.3 14
3. Libya 106.8 15.4 3. Nigeria 75.4 12
� 4. Ivory Coast 59.5 8.6 4. Ethiopia 64.2 10.2
5. Algeria 51.3 7.4 5. Morocco 56.6 9
6. Morocco 47.4 6.8 6. Libya 51.8 8.2
~7. Guinea 26.9 3.9 7. Angola 47.8 7.6
8. Cameroon 17.5 2.5 8. Guinea 20.6 3.3
9. Nigeria 16.8 2.4 9. Mozambique 17.4 2.8
10. Sudan 15.7 2.3 10. Tunisia 9.6 1.5
11. Liberia 10.1 1.5 11. Tanzania 6.2 1
12. Angola 9.6 1.4 12. Ivory Coast 6.1 1
13. Sierra Leone 4.4 0.8 13. Benin 5.3 0.8
14. Ethiopia 4.3 0.8 14. Mali 5.2 0.8
15. Tunisia 3.8 0.5 15. Ghana 4.8 0.8
16. Tanzania 3.4 0.5 16. Cameroon 3.9 0.6
_ 17. Congo 2.9 0.4 17. Guinea-Bissau 3.3 0.5
18. Togo 1.9 0.3 18. Sierra Leone 3.3 0.5
19. Kenya 1.6 0.3 19. Congo 3.1 0.5
2~. Madagascar 1.4 0.2 20. Sudan 2.7 0.4
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USSR-Foreign Trade-D The Leading 20 African Suppliers
.and Customers of the USSR in 1979
(V = value in millions of rubles;
pe~rcentage of the total value of purchases from or sales to Africa)
Suppliers V % Customers ~ ~
1. Libya 28~.2 29.9 1. Libya 157.4 22.8
2. Egypt 198.4 21.2 2. Egypt 128.8 18.3
3. Ghana 150.8 16.1 3. Algeria 82.1 11.9
4. Ivory Coast 70.1 7.5 4. Morocco 66.6 9.6
5. Morocco 59.4 6.3 5. Angola 52.4 7.6
6. Algeria 34.2 3.7 6. Nigeria 49.9 7.2
7. Sudan 27 2.9 7. Ethiopia 44.6 6.5
8. Guinea 21.9 2.3 8. Guinea 27:7 4
9. Liberia 19.1 2 9. Mozambique 20.3 2.9
10. Camer~on 13.3 1.4 10. Tunisia 12.4 1.8
?1. Angola 11.8 1.3 11. Madagascar 6.7 1
12. Sierra Leone 10.6 1.1 12. Congo 5�7 0�8
13. Tanzania 4.4 0.5 13. Mali 4.8 ~�7
14. Togo 3.8 0.4 14. Ivory Coast 4.7 0.7
15. Congo 2.9 0.3 15. Guinea-Bissau 4.1 0.6
16. Tunisia 2.7 0.3 16. Cameroon 3.9 0.6
17. Kenya 2.4 0.3 17. Togo 3.8 0.5
18. Sunegal 2.3 0.2 1t3. Tanzania 3.4 0.5
19. Madagascar 1.2 0.1 19. Sierra Leone 3.2 0.5
20. Mozambique 0.9 0.1 20. Benin 2.9 0.4
USSR-Foreign Trade-E Principal Sovie~~ Imports from Africa
(In millions of rubles)
1978 1979
1. Faxm food products 364.7 388.3
including:
Cacao (beans, butter) 195.7 232.8
Fresh fruits and vegetables 73.7 65.9
Alcohols (wine, rum) 55.6 33.6
Coffee 13.7 28.4
2. Oil and oil products 106.8 280�2
3. Raw texr.ile materials 93.9 100.4
including:
Cotton fiber and yarn 9U.5 98.2
_ Sisal l~emp 3.4 2� 2
Manufactured products 36.2 28.4
including:
Textil.e products 27 21.6
4. Craft products 7.1 3
Furniture 2.1 3.8
5. ChPmical products 34.9 30.9
6. Metallic ores and concentrates 26.3 25.3
7. Wood 22.5 19.3
8. Ships 9.8 18.2
9. Superphosphates 6�8
10. Various "other" 39.7
Total 696.9 936.8
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USSR-Foreign Trade-F Known USSR Exports to Africa
(In millions of rubles)
1978 1978
1. Machines and transportation
equipment 347.2 359.4
2. Fuels and related products 77.6 91.5
3. Nonedible raw materials, excluding
fuels 68.9 59
4. Food products 30.8 37
5. Manufactured articles, classified
mainly by raw material 7.5 13.3
6. Chemical products 4 4
7. Miscellaneous manufactured articles 1.1 0.6
8. Nonclassifi.ed articles 0.8 0.7
Total 537.7 565.7
USSR-Foreign Trade-G Soviet Exporrs of Machines and
Transportation Equipment to Africa
(In millions of rubles)
1978 1978
Industrial vehicles ar.r~ spare parts 82.9 59.7
Various machine tools 42.8 41.2
Aircraft engines 27.3 19.1
Energy equipment 16.4 11,6
Travel vehicles 9.8 9
Specialized vehicles 3.1 2.6
Tractors 2.2 6.3
Road construction machinery and equipment 0.6 2.3
,
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USSR-Africa Trade in 1979
ta;p~;rt4 from Africa Exports to Africa
(936.8 million rubles) (691.7 million rubles)
~ ~ . '
o sur ~ ~I~ ~ ~ ~I
o sur ,i
le totat , 1 le rotal I I~III I I~~ ~'i ,
MACHINES ~ ~
a~00UIT 5 ALIMEN TAI RE S I IIIIIILE,?IIIIIIII!II I
' VEGETAUX MATERIELS DE TRANSPORT I ~~~I~
_ 41,5.' i I ~IIIJIZIII I' II ;II j ~i~~~,
I ~
' ' ' I , I~ I~ iii:i
~ ~ ~ I I ~ jl!r,'i
I I , ,
PETROLE 9
OIVERS 3'Z'S ~~E~S OIVERS ET 11 : 4 (~~p~Ts
INOETERMINES 0~
, 1 S.4 Z 0, 8 13~2
GBOIS ,
`~MINERAIS 3�8..::.s::;:~~~ . ' S.s '
& AWAGES �::4~9'~ 5,4
, 13,5 ' ; ~ ,
f~PR00UIT5
CHIMIOUES ` 12 pRpOUtTS AIIMENTAIRES 3 ONI~
OMESBTIBLES
7PRODUITS ~
MANUFACTURES � ~(carburen~exdus)
OE CONSOMMATION MATIERES TEXTILES BRUTES 8
1. Percentage of the total
2. Vegetable food products
3. Miscellaneous
4. Wood ~
S. Ores and alloys
6. Chemical products
7. Manufactured consumer products
8. Raw textile materials
- 9. Oil and oil products
10. Transportation equipment and machinery
11. Miscellaneous and unknown
12. Food products
13. Nonedible raw materials (excluding fuels)
14. Fuels and,byproducts
~L ~7
CSO :