PORT AND RAIL INSTALLATIONS OF ODESSA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R003000050006-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 30, 2006
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: June 1, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION sECitio0 iliTROL-US OlTIODAPItt eirtY0--
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT CD NO.
COUNTRY USB (Ukraine)
SUBJECT Port and Rail. Installations of Odessa
:3/(ca. 1%0
PLACE
ACQUIREE
DATE OF INFO.
Prior to March 1949
DATE DISTR. 1 June 19149
NO. OF PAGES 6
0. OF ENCLS. 1*
ISTD BELOW)
24-3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
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TN1S COWMEN/4 CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTION TIN NATIONAL 02271/211
OF THE UNITES STATES MIMI'S UM IMAMS OF TIIS BE1'10114011 ACT SO
0.3. C., 21 AIM AL Al ANENDEO. ITS TRA3S3M8/013 ON Ton SITUATION
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY LIA11111:11 TO AM INAUTIIORITHEI PI3503 ES PRO.
MUM* ST IAN, INANODUCTION OF VMS FOILI 13 PBORISITID.
40MOOMOZWD
r;f0
LUATED INFORMATION
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3.
Return to CIA Mary
Loma: Numbers in parentheses in the following text refer
to items marked on the attached mal, of Odessa.)
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Odessa suffered slight damage durine the war. By 1946, reconstruction had
returned it to almost its pre-war level of activity. Since then, the work
has been completed and the port is now in full operation.
The installations (conditions of approath, means of loading, ware4auses3
etc.) are modern and well planned. Alectric current is furnished by a
central in the town. The port also lEls two medium stations for emergency,
one of 360 DI and one of 13150 DV
Beacons and markers are satisfactory. The principal entrance light is the
Torontzov lighthouse (11), recently ilodernized, which is located at the end
of the mole in the southern part of 'he port (9). Other lights are located
on the breakwaters (12 and 23) and ee the ends of the moles. There are also
light buoys in the various ports, as follows:
6 in the roadstead (1)
9 in the quarantine Port (2)
4 in the New Port (3)
2 in the Cabotage Port (4)
3 in the Praticips Port (5)
3 in the Grain Port (7)
5 in the Oil Port (8)
4. Figures on the port are as follows:
tvlORICDF Pages 1 thru Cj
Length of port 5.3 tin
Surface of basins 163.2 irectares
Length of quays 9.2 an
Number of ships per year 370 - 400
Merchandise in transit per yalr 3.47 al.A.!ion tons
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5. Several dikes and jetties protect the port against winds from the east;
these form the inner roadstead (1) mod seven separate basins. To the
east, the port is protected by the old Quarantine Nolo (10) and its
prolongation, the Reidovy (roadstead) Mae (9), which terminates at the
Verontzov lighthouse (11). In width, the port it limited by the straight.
breakwater (12), 1,245 m. long, and two other breakwaters (23), 920 m. long.
Awt
6. gsuggasae, Between the breakwaters and the mole is the inner roadstead, 290 m.
long and with a surface of 63 hectares. Here ships wait for authorization
to enter the Port. The inner roadstnad has six mooring-buoys and the break-
water (12) has five mooring-rings. !ate inner roadstead is bounded by the old
Quarantine Mole (10) and its prolenation the Roadstead Mole (9), which forms
a quarter-circle; the Grocery Quay (2akaleinenra Naberezhneya) (13); and the
Platonov Mole (14). -On the quay and the moles are large warehouses and
customs stores.
7. guaraatilLismt: The Quarantine Port is specially reserved for grain,. It
has two rather old elevators, three sevtblo (roulant) bridges, and !,pfveral
other means of electric transport.
8. pew Port (1) The New Port is boundel on the land side by the New Quay (15)
and on the sea side by the New Mole (16). Its water surface is 16.5 hectares,
the length of docking space on the quqrs is 1,230 n., and the depth is 9.1 in.
On the New Qpay and the New Mole are large warehouses for coal, sugar, and
wood, the principal commodities handled in the New Pert. Among the loading
equipment are two steam-,powered cranes with capacities of six tons each and
eight with capacities of three tons each. There is also a large cold storage
plant for fish. The most important kastallation in the New Port is the pumping
station for combustible liquids (47), which permits discharge when the Oil Port
(8) As overloaded with work.
9. gallaIWILMAL9.2112211_10; This per.; is bounded on the northwest by the
Navy Mels (Voyenny Mol) (18) and on tie land side by the coal quay (1?). The
Cabotage Pert covers 13.5 hectares of water surface; the length of docking
space is 1,020 m. and the depth is 5.4 in. The importance of this port is con-
siderably less than that of the two above-mentioned ports, principally because
of its depth. Here coal is transshipped, either to land or onto barges.
10. Zratlaie.220_151: It is bounded by the Watermelon Quay (Arbusnaya Nabereahnera)
(24 the Androssovski Hole (21), and the Potepovski Mole (22). Its water surface
is 16.5 hectares, its docking Space 1,580 m., and its depth 5.8 in. The quay
andomole have numerous warehouses. Tre transshipment of part of the merchandise
of coastal trading takes place here; in addition, all passenger traffic in the
port of Odessa is concentrated in thit port.
11. glagrammilert_161: This is the inner basin of the Grain Port (7), protected
by the same breakwaters as the latter. Its water surface covers 3.3 hectares,
the length of docking space on the quays is 175 in., and the depth of the basin
is 3.7 in. In the repair shops of the Black Sea merchant fleet (24), small
coasting vessels are constructed. The Government Port is closed to all other
vessels.
/2. Port (71* Construction of the Grain Port was begun in 1934. The port
is used exclusively for the loading of grain. It has 18 warehouses and 14
elevators and is well eqpipped with auxiliary machines for the loading of grain
'(carts moving bridges, etc.). The port has a dry dock (25). The water surface
of the port is 16 hectares and the docting space at the quays is 1,520 m.
13. Oil Per) (8)i The 011 Pert forme the aorthern, boundary of the port of Odessa.
It is located in front of the Peresyp listrict of the town. The water surface
of the port is 10.7 hectares and the dspth at the quay is 8.5 in. The depth
is sufficient for tankers of the Black Sea Oil fleet, which draw between 7.5
and 7.9 in. The port has four bridge-like structures for loading vedsels
(appontements). In from* of the port ke a special outer port where oil tankers
await permission to enter; the water =ease of this outer port is 67 hectares.
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Because insufficient depth make the passage of large oil tankers impossible,
the 011 Port is connected with the own sea by a special channel, 1.5km. long,
which is dredged constantly.. This chennel is not fixed and changes according
to complicated conditions, depending cn the currents; consequently, it is not
indicated on the attached map. On thu Oil Mole (28) is located a powerful
electric pumping station (25). used tc drive combustible liquids into the
reservoirs or into tank cars. (See details below.)
Frincioal_megMg4le_t_Aregliw,Adesev
Imileav Iron and steel scrap. machines,
coal, cotton, oil, tea, fruits.
Agammg Grain, oil products, lumber for
various construction materials*
instruments, chemical products,
colonial products.
construction and shipbuilding,
sugar, wool, fish, vegetable oil.
94A_IssAallsAlulAwLikamealL
15. Odessa plays an important role in the distribution of combustible liquids.
011 coming from Batumi by sea is here distributed to all regions. Tie in-
creasing mechanization of agriculture in the last few years has considerably
augmented this traffic.
16, The Oil Port (8) has several railroad iAracks, connected with the Odessa-
Fort freight station (4) by a 3-kilomeer auxiliary line.
17. The capacity of the pumping station on the Oil Mole is so tons per hour.
From this station a main pipe line lamas to the vest from the Oil Fort.
18. Reaszulre.122AngjAas There are thne reservoirs (29), with a total capacity
of-6:300 tons,150 m. south of the mole of the Oil Quay. A second group of
reservoirs (30), consisting of eight rieervoirs with a total capacity of 16,500
tons, is located 140 m. to the north, near the outer wall. These are all old-
type iron reservoirs. The larger part of each is gunk in the ground and the
upper part is protected by a brick usi: 60 cm thick. The two groups are con-
nected with the main pipe line (N).
19. itteemgrel2LanAL21); These are locuted southwest of the Odesste-Feresyp
freight station (g). The group marked (31) consists of three iron reservoirs
with a total capacity of 7500 tons. Ohe group marked (32) consists of three
reservoirs with a capacity of 6,750 tore. The two groups are connected by a
railroad and by branches of the pipe line.
20. jituriarjaith Your hundred and fifty meters north of the Odessa,Bakhmach
freight station (f) are three reservoirs with a capacity of 2,000 tons each.
They are connected to the pipe line and are served by auxiliary rail lines.
21. Likeeasdre.Thj,; Seven hundred and forty meters west of the Odessep4Akhmach
freight station (f) are 12 round iron reservoirs with a total capacity of
30,000 tons. The lower half of each is gunk in the ground and the upper half
is protected by a brick wall and merlons.
22. Auxiliamzumw At the base of the New Mole (16), separating the New Pert (3)
from the Gabotage Fort (4), is au auxiliary pumping station (47). It is in
the immediate vicinity of the rail Junction of the Odessa-Port station, where
tank cars are brought in. The capacity of this station is 60 tons per hour.
23. EAlludmv About 3.5 km west of the Oil Port, in the deserted terrain eurrounding
the town, a large area is occupied by a cracking plant (35). Its production,
which is devoted especially to aviation gasoline, reaches 90,000-110,000 tons
per year. After the war, the factory WAS reconstructed and equipped With machines
of better quality than it formerly had. Surrounding it are 12 round iron tanks
with a capacity of 3,500 tons each and :four square reservoirs with a capacity
of 5,500 tons each, giving a total capaL:ity of 64,000 tons. The refinery is
supplied by its own electric power plan, located in the same building as the
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pumping station for decanting combusi4ble liquids. In case of necessity, the
refinery could. use the electric currant from the town. The works is connected
with the freight stations Odessal-Sortirovochnaya (classification) (direction )6)
and Odessa-Sostava (composition) (direction 37). The refinery is the terminus
of the pipe line.
24. Reservoir (59),: This is a reserve tank of the refinery, located about one
kilometer to the east. It is underground and camouflaged and has a capacity of
3,500 tons.
25. Pi e line Els The pipe line begins at the Oil Port (3), at the pumping
station 2 ), and passes along the mule. Branches in the direction of the
various reservoirs (29 and 30) take aft from its base. At the group of
reservoirs marked (30), the conduit first runs in h northwesterly direction
and then turns toward the west. Ralf a kilometer farther on, it sends out
branches toward the Odessa-Peregyp station (g) and reservoirs (31), (32), and
(33). Beyond this fork, the main lize continues westward toward the refinery.
Aaother branch leads off toward the reservoirs marked (34) and still another
toward the reservoir (59). The pipe line ends at the pumping station and is
absorbed in the internal network of the refinery. The electric power station
of the city of Odessa (58), with a capacity of 35,000 KW, is also connected
with the pipe line.
26.
s
Odessa-Peresyp freight station (I): Filling of tank cars with combustible
liquids.
b. Odeesa-Port freight station (4): Transshipment from marine to land
transportation.
a?
Odessa-Port station, group of tricks near the New Port: Drawing off
of combustible liquids into tank cars.
Total length of tracks: 700 meters
d. Odessap-Sostara (direction 36) ). Final making up of trains loaded
OdessamSortirovochngya(direction )7)' with combustible liquids.
27. Pladling.al combustible licaiAa: The principal place where tankers are
discharged is the Oil Port (a), whence the oil is directed as follows:
a. To tank cars in the Odessa-Port freight station (e).
o. To tank cars in the Odessa-Pereavo freight station (g).
Ce To tank cars in the Odessa-Bakhmash freight station (f).
d. By pipe line to reservoirs (29), (30), (31), (32), (33), and (34).
e. Directly to the refinery or to It reservoirs.
When discharged at the New Mole (16), the oil goes directly to tank cars in
the Odessa-Port station. Tank cars ase filled directly from the reservoirs
of the refinery at the Odessa-Port, Odessar-Perespo, and Odessa-Bakhmach
stations by pipe line. Tankers are loaded in the Oil Port with products from
reservoirs (29) to (34) or with gasoline from the refinery. In either case,
the fuel reaches the vessels by pfse _ins. In exceptional cases, the loading
of tankers is effected near the New Mole. In such cases, the fuel is con-
ducted by auxiliary lines from the Od :ssa-Port station. Gasoline and limited
quantities of benzine are delivered ill3'0II1 the refinery to the Odessa-Sortirovecbuaya
and Odessa-Sostava freight stations tv auxiliary rail lines (36) awl (37).
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201acs :VI ?eater
28. Odessa is the terminus of the following erincipal lines; Odessa-Kiev,
Odessa-Kharkov, OdessaeOvidiopol. Only the principal Junctions are in-
dicated. on the attached map, and the groups of tracks are indicated only
schematically. Auxiliary lines leading to certain factories and buildings
are not indicated,.
29. glitgasellearaayeeedathajb): Located south of the town, it has 13 tracks,
each 2,000 meters long. Nearby are Large warehouses and loading ramps.
Also very close is a large factory, Sichavo (?) Povetaniye (45), Which
produces lifting cranes. Beside this factory are the principal railway
shops and rail car repair shops. Large-scale loading of small cargoes is
effected at this station. Military loads are handled on a special group
of tracks 1-2 km west. (c)
304 OdessaeSoptava atatigns (d.I Three to five kilometers northwest of the pre-
ceding station is the Odessa-Sostava freight station, with 18 tracks 2,000
meters long. At the same place are aoncentratid freight car repair shops,
enormous warehouses, and grain eXevators. The principal function of this
station is the making up of freight Srains.
31. gskaaseepszeleataliaajels This stati3n is near the New Port (3) and has the
following tracks:
a. Group of nine tracks from the 01:. Port (8). each 2,000 meters long.
Principal function; filling of ;ank cars from tankers and from reser-
voirs (29) and (30); also minor gassification operations.
b. Group of tracks near the dry dod: (25) and the naval yards (24). Special
operations with heavy loads, motels, lumber, and highly inflammable material.
c. Group of five tracks from the Naeal Mole (18), each 200-400 meters long.
Special function; transshipment of military material. Nearby are large
warehouses for merchandise.
d. Group of seven tracks from the New QAAT (15). each 400-700 meters long.
Principal functions large-scale transshipment and arrangement of material.
If the Oil Port is overloaded tea filling of tank cars from tankers is
effected here by the pumping staeion (47).
32. laslangsrassezeeketkanejg1; This stetion is one kilometer northwest of the
Oil PorU It baa two tracks, one 150 in. and the other 1,300 in. long, and
large loading ramps. Principal funceions filling of tank cars from the
reservoir or from tankers by pipe line.
33. Saggiallaiagggal This seation is located 1,300 in. southwest of
the Oil Fort. It has nine tracks 250-450 in. long and repair ehope for teak
cars. Yunctionss transshipment of eilitary material, filling of tank care
with combustible liquids, classifecaeion operations of local importance.
Delseasee.?-artieeracheezareatatiaa (ogf he map, direction 36); This classification
station for freight trains is a coneiderable distance iorth of the town. Its
double-tracked auxiliary lines are marked (38). The station has 21 tracks.
each 14500-2,500 in. long. Surroundieg the station is a depot for 100 locomotives,
to which are attached cleaning and bciler shoes. The principal function of the
station is the classification of freight trains arriving in and departing from
Odessa. The entire rail system of tie town is served by this station.
34.
35. k..iseengereaelteekeijes)s. The male passenger station is in the *enter of ehe
town, 2.5 km south of the port, and is entirely distinct from the freight
stations. It represents the classic type of terminus of a large city and has
nine tracks. Passenger trains departing for all directions pass through the
OdessaeTovarnaya station on a special track and in front of the new Odessae
Sostava station. This line is marked (39) on the map. The station has madiume
sized repair shops for passenger cars. Near the station are located two
buildings of the Railway Directorate (61).
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36. Bea section of the Odessa rail netvork can function independently of the
other parts. It is possible for truins to arrive at any one of the stations
and to depart on any one of the prirtival lines, either detouring around the
other stations or passing through them.*
fails to explain how this statement can apply
to the passenger station and the Tovarnaya station, which appear to be on
a dead-end line.
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