SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KARNOZHITSKIY, V.P. - TYKAL, KAMIL

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001757710018-4
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 31, 2001
• Sequence Number: 18
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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AUTHOR: Karnozhitskiy, V. Tydykovi P. G.
ORG: none
TITLE: Thermal stresses in a cylindrical shell with an annular-cross-section core
SOURCE: IVUZ. Aviatsionnaya tekhnika, no. 4, 1965P 90-96
TOPIC TAGS: thermal stress, cylindrical shell
ABSTRACT: Sometimes it is advantageous to use in aircraft design a sandwich-like
construction.1%onsisting only of a skin with a core of annular cross section,e.9-1 a
sandwich plate or shell without. an Inner face I.ayer. During high-speed flights, thermal
stresses will be generated due to the temperature variation over the thickness of the
shell. These thermal.. stresses are determined in a long cylindrical shell with a tubu-
l.jr core, assuming that the temperature in the skin is constant, and varies linearly
in radial direction in the core, but the variation is not too strong, so that the
modulus of elasticity can be tonsidered constant. The hypothesis of straight normals
is applied to the skin, and the general stress-strain relationships of the theory of
elasticity are used in the treatment of the core. Expressions are derived for deter-
mining the stresses, strains, and displacements in the core produced by the differ-
ence of temperatures on its inner and outer surfaces, and by the radial pressure
exerted by the skin on the core. The skin is treated as a thin cylindrical shell
Card 1/2 UDC: 539.3+621.438

ACC N91- W6003187
acted upon by the radial pressure developed by the core, and expressions are also
derived for stresses, strains, and displacements. The resulting distribution of
thermal stresses in the shell is obtained by summation of two component states of
stresses obtained from the above-mentioned expressions by introducing into them boun&
ary conditions associated with temperatures at the inner and outer shell surfaces.
A numerical example illustrating thermal-stress analysis in a shell of the discussed
type is given. Orig. art. has: 1 figure and 28 formulas. IVKI
SUB. CODE: 20/ SUBM DATE: 03Dec64/ ORIG REF: , 0021 'ATD PRESS: V-74
1 2/2

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004" THE IPLUENCE Of ?EMPERATUN AND TIME OF HEATING ON THE 1.00
REDUCTION OF RESIDUAL STMW 11 AUSTENITIC STEELS. L.A. Glick- -0 0
stan and V.P..TVkhto (Notloturbostroonle, 1948, Mar.- -00
010 r.. Apr., pp 12-18 Russian)t (Abstract) Metals Review,
1; 1948, vol 21, Sept., p 42). The residual stress In discs of
00 t11, .
00 austemitic chramium-mickel t**1 (" TaYs. 2T) has boan =0
artificially induced using : hout-treatiment. The influence of 0
the temperature of drawing to the tempersture range or zoo
8000 to 850* C. cc the door*&Bt of residual stresses has been 0
studied. The method of investigation and computation or
data using a fomuls, of Sachs Is explained@ A goo
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CZECHOSWVAM/General Probleris
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Khirliya, No 3., 1958., No 7562
Author TXaIdjyajLhijL Maier, Shiller
Inat Not Given
Title Radiometric Analytical Methods
Orig Pub Farmcia (Ceskool.), 1957, 26, No 21 41-47
Abstract Review of the papers pertaining to radiometric titration.
Six library titles.
E-1
Card

ZUBOX, V.N., inshener, redaktor; UMUAGIN, M.G., Inzhener, redaktor;
XASSATSM, M.S., inshener, redaktor; SHIFRrff, S.M., redaktor;
TYWIN, A.Y., redaktor; TM(NOV, A.Ya., tekhnicheskly redaktor.
[Nxperience in introducing advanced technology in factories
engaged in heavy machine building) Opyt vnedrenils peredovoi
tekhnologii na zavodakh tiazhelogo mashinostroeniia. Pod obahchei
red. Y.N.Zubok, X.G.Umniagina. Moskva. Goo. nauchno-tekhn. izd-vo
machinostroit. lit-rY. 1955. 3o6 p. (min 9:4)
(Kaahiuery-Construction)
1. Moscow. Vseooyuznnproyaktuo-tekhnologicheakiy Institut.

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TYEPLOV, G._(.T~eplov, G.] a kozgazdasagi, tudomanyok daktora
Economic tarminology. Szabvany kozl 14 no.1!13-14 Ja 162.

TYERDOIMEB, G.
23402 Popoki konsistentsii masL. 19. ikh kharakeristika. Moloch. Pror-stl,
1949, No. 7, a. 24-27/
SO % LEMPIS W. 31, 1949.

The umses pi'dom f"we In the Mciamw regim and
metil"s of fiebting these. D, 1- Tvrnkol. K. P.'
T - ,
zhukorA 2ml 1. S. SLAVSUIN. IwZTjj
Xam,A Selike-kka:. Nzak ipt. 1. L Iearmij 15. '.. 5. =1-0
( 16W).-Addits, of listic und mbwnl fertiliscr, "pi-cially
PX and MISC. or heavy applicutious of manute raluce'
the di%caw incklence of red clover oredlinp and thereby
frrolmig the life ni the cloy" Stand. The titi-tatitY of
rMiter inivit effeetivii, is 46t rqniv~ 1-, 40 M hat- -4
" 441111c jit~$ hd, I 114.1ittf (hV W-1 With SlIA411%dit. I ft. 1.1
jitt. oil writ (m4wr tot the fuumicula tritw,,i the yteM I. help,
11. k1mobits tile tfi:w4w. J, S~ Joffe

4
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Poland/Analytical Chemistry - Analysis of Organic Substances, G-3
Abst Journal: Referat Zhur - Xhimiya, lio 19, 1956, 619cr,4
Author: Tyfczynaka-Jaskievicz, J.Y Gawrych, Z.
Institutiou: None
Title: Colorimetric Determination of Ergot Alkaloids
Original
Periodical: Kolorymetryczr3e oznaczanie alkaloidow sporyszu., Acta, polon. pharmac.,
1955, 11, Dodatek: Pam. II. Ogolnopolsk. Zjazdu nauk. towarz.
farma:c. Lodzi, 90; Polish; Russian and English resum4a
Abstract: There are proposed stable standards (solutions of crystal violet (I)
in dilute H2SO4 of PH 2.33) for colorimetric determination of ergot
alkaloids by means of Allport's reagent. It has been found that
0.0377% 1 corresponds to 0.4~ ergotamine tartrate, 0-00 1 to o.4~
ergometrine maleate, m417% I to 0.4% neohynergene, 0.0606% 1 to
O.V0 basergene, 0.03&% i to o.4% dihydroergotamine. All the alka-
l6ids were used as solutions in 1% tartaric acid.
Card V1

-f- , -P . lr, -- - -
I V t
I I L.

TYI, I.
--m5~0-
An economicalmethod for compensating polygons and polygon networks In mines.
P. 197 (Veodeticky A Kartografic~yo Vol* 3. no. 10, Oct. 1957 Praha, Czechoslovakia)
Monthly Index of East European Accessions MAI) -LC' 'o1. 7, no. 2,
February 1956

69,11
0
17. 1;62.
.~ttr 3t:-ctzc s, %..cttal,q r. S.A!? of th* insti-
to ~ae
--z' or iz~ Pq 2jT-26~
:1.. !.so. so 3,-1-17*10 At-t,,' :r . H.L~mlt
,p ;69--:76. - 1
36. 8C, t !t~Lflod PtsftctlOm far 44%U%*-ITs Zottrticn of
-L ~-. M.P.
L. of of Phr--Icc
pp
to or
of 'he :nvottut.& *f' Phar-Zop of the 3rms, !~x!.tz Ar t
c!
-7
pre. :-T. x. P7
31olas7L..1
;*thylq~t- Par, c: tb.
I's-Lit.i. a, Or,,.-I. Zx=!.tT;r Ummtitut fu~r Cr mlloi~i-*~::--Ie)
of t2t. of ~,"6--Lfichv ftr
2to:4*) in Frzr. Zr. W. pp 25)-
2!51.
osaud.-Il o-m the $totes in the Port 2.
Ad.ar~t'~ of Z-tr.ct-- 31b.tsn~os o-I the -.-ut JzIlot-n.*
Zr. )--as ==-12 of the P'~vv-c~tlmll Nmlt- L, 2r,~ (CiW:a-
at----44) -V=r~mm
7. to tlh:2Z7-3p*ctroth*to-~trjc Tnvo*tl.;&--tc= c-9 to the
!"z: =,lar-n 7.1., of !.%-.i !ticp. For- 3.* -rof.
;r. :. -Z7AX. A. !V-Z~7 &,j K. of V%s lm.t-utv of PhLrm.
acLa.7-4T u-s
%-a Anolidv *1,4,..- . Rol Cialar.--lon of the !-us Paraver.' :octnt
:r. S. of '-l. :-titut. a!* Pherceeoloa of t~,* 1~u",ol4t
zerlifts pp 2pa-3cl.
or z. A =l."il sit.. or :1-U.
r
za:dlis L Wa &4~3 3
0. of -.he of.
7!
:1 7-ir~ tl a rl.tltut, of Ar.,Ilel and
of Lorwl~
C:jr****r i et-cf. Zr.
rgr--

TYMK, Erno; SARMY SMIDORNE KISS, Iren
Distribution of volatile oil components in camomile plants.
Botan kozI 50 no.4t175-178 D'63.
1. Gyogynoveny Kutato Intezetp Budapeatt XII.# Daniel ut 40.

TYMAK Erno (BudapeBt,,XII.,Danisl ut 40); SARKAMY SANDORNE KISS, Iran
0-0 -TMALPOst, XII. , Daniel ut 40)
Histochemical. analysis of prochamazulene content of camomile. Botan
kozl 49 no-3/4:209-213 162.
-A

VAGUJFALVJ, Dezso; TY111M, ijrm
Essential oil componexte as unilrersal plwf, substances. Botan
kozl 51 n0-3.241-49 164
1. Medicinal Flant Resear~:h Institute, Ebdapest, VT., Darilel
ut- 40o

VAGUJFALVI, Dezs ~.Zrno
Daily change in the prochamazulene content of ca-m-m-Me (Yat-
ricaria chamomilla L.) Botan kozl 49 no.1/2:64-70 161.
1. Gyogynovenykutato I-ntezet, Budapest XII., Daniel ut 40.

S/081/62/000/017/048/102
B158/B186
AUTHORS: Tyka, R., Plaiek, E.
TITLE: Triaroylphosphides
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Xhimiya, n6. 17, 19629 257, abstract.
17Zh33O (Bull. Aoad.,polon. sci. Sbr. sci. chim.p v. 9,
no. 9, 19619 577-584 LGer.; summary in Russ.])
TEXT: (ArCO) 3 P (Ia-el where a Ar - C6H51 b Ar - m-CH 3C6 R4' cAran-CH3C6 H4'
d Ar - a-C 10 H7' e Ar a P-C 10H7) is obtained by the action of PH 3 on
* 1
25~ solut-ions of ArCOCl in dry pyridine at 250C (sometimes heating is
necessary at the end of the-reaction). I 1 8 separated by pouring the
reaction mixture into water (I and m.p. in C are given): a, 149; b,'136;
at 137; d, 163; 39 190. The reaction does not have any common value and
-when substituted ArCOC1 is used it proceeds in another direction. I is
etable.to water and dilute acids. I acylates CH'OH and y OH with many
3 5
-160OC- giving 100% yields o Ar 'bR.
hours' heating at 140 f CO When reacted
'bard -1/2

S/081/62/000/017/048/102
Triaroylphosphides B158/BI86
with'NH 3' C6H5 NH2and a solution of NaOH, I forms ArCONH 2, ArCON HC6H5 and
ArCOONa respectively and PH 3' 1 is separated by the action of Br 2 on PBr3
and ArCOBr. I is not alkylated by RX. Reduction of Is, by the action of
LiAlH4 in ether gives mainly C 6H5CH 2OH and,apparently, (C 6H5 CHOH)3P,
m-p- 1560C. (C6 H 5CO)2 is formed by heating Is, with CH 3COCI (160-1800C).
Reaction of Ia with H 2so 4* H20 (the mixture is poured into water) gives
C6H5COOH and PH 3' Reaction of Is, with C6 H5MgBr in ether gives (C 6H5 )3COE.
With a-C 10 H7MgBr, Is. gives C6H5COC 10H7-a- Curves of infra-red spectra are
given for la-e and (C 6H 5COY in paraffin oil# and also curves of U-V
spectra for the same substances in CKC1 3' [Abstracter's notei Complete
translation.]
Card 2/2
0

I TYKA R $--dr-.
.
On triaroilophosphideti. Wiad chem 16 no.5.335-336
My 162.
1. Katedra Chemii Organicznej I, Politechnika,, Wroclaw,

TYKA, Roman; PLAZEK, Edwin
W;6~~
Triaroy, sphides. Pt. 2, Rocz chemii 37 no*3:283-291 165,
I:Ojktedra Ghemii Organiczmj I# Politachnika., Yroc2aw.

Distri 4831 7
P - tid S a an t 2- Tid 1~
roc-
man (P
Vi,- Po MWT722-Ily y 4 at; r . Vroc a ..22rin,
tithi
1
T
o-
o
(1957AGtrm= trummary)-
No. 4. 70-8
pyridiat sotn~ (obtained from 8 g. 2-bromopyridine &Itrx.
with
mixt
L
40
of 2
3
PCI
s
11197d)
%vib
"
it
.
.
a
.
aut, e
C.
s
,
,
20 in). EttO was added dropwise during 30 min., the temp.
being continuously raised from -68 to -58*. The mixt,*,

extd. with 100 ml. 2N HzS04, the'
heated to room temp.,
t. 61tered off, washed with HxO and,
ext. alkalized, the
p
crystd. from 1:1 JcOH-H&O, gave 1,7 S. tri (2-pyrldyl~
ilarly tri(2-py
Mae, M. 1W. ridylWoe Wn,

'
p=
W
d
ohexaze), In 25% y
qb ed, W. 85
(ey
keet,
2

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enzoYlohosphinlB. IW%Yin Plaick
roc
and Roman T ka
CA 9 man summary Tribenzo
pbosp. e':WzO ell In 147' (a Is formed
b Tin ; P B I
action of PH., on Bz I i d. CAN at room temp. VV
etion to W. I is stable fit the
e
beating.;tt the erd
enoce of HIO and dil. acid soins.,wherensNaOH decomps.
t lot. PH, and 14.013~. I encts with EtOll to yield
r
MOM, with 257o NHs solo. to give WN113, nnd witis aniline
-#it the b.p. to give BxNHPh. A. KrCglcsY3ki----
94

zt
Reactims of -1),4 Ida with os&m~nEc derivatives at
h h rf xid.,/ ZWORRAGGPI cuwSki iEd
Poland).7-Mem-aniki - M. .0
105u)kEn lish cummary).-Condensation of sulfan Ide
) with Ph phosphorochloridates and pbosphoro-N-&
R
methylataidochloridle- acids in anhyd. iridin gave Pholt,
pharic add deriva. of I substituted In &,,' NIJtgroup (N A
91% p-14jN09SC4H4NHPO(OPhN. m, 201- 93'/(
0,SCcH4NH~PO(OPh). tn. 2,'3-5*; 41% P-H29dtSCtH4r
NITPOMfeah, tn. 243, 46% Q-HsNO:SCJf4NHNPO-
N?,fci, tn. 235*. ne same substituents were futmduced jr. -
Into the v&arnide imp QVI) with the Na sait of I In EtCN-
3~1
This reaction was successful only to yield a8% p-HNC4HV
5OtNHPO(OPh'h m 221' and 25% P-11tNC&U40sNH~
FO(OH i~1h) 1084. All the compds. but U were'
Insol. In'T'40. Krqgtewdci--

TrKA R PLAZEK, E.
On triaraylphosphides. Bal chim PAR 9 no-9:577-584 161.
1. Hatedra Chemii Organicznej I.p Politechnika, Wroclaw. Presented
by T. Urbanski.

TYKA, ftyezard (Warszawa)
Mostostal Steel Structuxe Production Works. Przegl bidow2 I bud
iaieszk 35 no.4:198-200 Ap '63.

TYKA, R.
On a nev -cage of the -Friedel-Graf to mcuarl, Bul &j~- pj~rL
565-176- 761.
li Katedia Cbemli Organid
zn9J I.- Pcliteohnika,-Wroclaw.

FM-dm.) NO. 1960 1~10(~
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41 ":1 CIV
salt of 1 and 0. 02 role of II In 10 ml. o- " ~ 1:
the Yie 1d of X is, 30)11', m. T) . 2210 (f rom C1110H
3

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Th'.' nrMi 'lon of 0.01 no-le- of' 0.02
t

TYKA, T.
Calcualtion of cubature in rural building. p. 9. (Budownictwo Idiejskie, Vol. 8, No. 7
July 1956, Warsaw, Poland)
SO: Monthly List of East European Accessions (EEAL) LC, Vol. _, No. 8, Aug 1957. Uncl

TYKA, T. ;
Calcul~,tlon of cubature in rural building. -.. 9. (Biid,-)-.mictwo -,-I7jJej5kjr-, V01.
I
8, 170. 7. JU3-Y 1956, Warsaw, Poland)
SO-, Montbly List of Esst European Accessions (HAL) LC, Vol. 6, No. e, Aug 195?. UnC3.

"~~T A ~-7
A _ " tj a
"New legal rejulati-nns for inventions snd for L-provement."
Uhli, Fmhu, Vol 4, 'Nu 1, Jvin. 1954, p. )0
SO: Eastern EuropeL-n AccesSions List, Vol -1, ?10 15, Oct 1954, Lib. of Congress

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preume of Am mi-tv Imi it Liviinible uffi-el tilt tilt- rvsim-
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IJIL' COUT Uf tllV kistOill, Oilly ill i1lIVAMA' Wil lival, ill .1111110
(111:1111i.tics, it 0-4 a Iflati4t tit Idtaish my lim tit lliv kim-.
lilt.

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44
Kallauner, 0.. and T 'c A" 'UNCIS OF
, I RISO
4
m
0~ .
.1
"N ?un rk"rMUTIN .01er
ill ft IT? I K 4.1 1%
III; Mn,w. 1029,
1:9 rhe pfewflev 431 8111C qI16tr hA% the following
,m the timilit" tit S"HeL Ituolfic k 1) In The t4oA fmmlir~
In% .1mount of finc OwMe tip to D, j PTO-luct, an antipla,lic
rflect and fritter, the tontraction, Asxoona~thramotjnt go
;Ittain 13' ~, tln~ ~ffcvf .1isppejr% and iigain twenmr, w,
i
00
1 kvul
-u h a his1wr P""Istage of Line o%ide stiffliftIfff-
Nla%w% containing 11141re 111.111 32% zinc mikle are *Nx I aml 00
(,flAt kns [king trmprraturr%(0lIkt.iVw -so
sincoxiderclucv-s the inechAinical strength. at tenumtrAturr,
over Wo zinc oxii1c sets a% a dun. Themixturvolthetwo 41 00
components in question having the lowest turld"g-point. 00
44-; ZnO, -d 58-~ The fu.ihl~
effect incrraw* the den%ity and thereby the strength of the 00
pfo,fucts. In *mAll quantitkr% Awl an Intenw ml IwAt the
1wrence of line oxwe has a fav~,bjr efferf on the rr~kt-
.nct to aeWs. Zinc 01W has no unfavorable effects on
the color of the knollo. Only lit intense red beat. In small
00
quantilieti, it girri a bluM or blubb-Sny tint to the kan. l!
f 00
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value. jh, nmtbo& an discumed. Maht
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*04
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FAIALLUINGICAL LIMAIVIII CLASSWICATI"
,;;7 WOO
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jig '"t-ISCO46- 01 dw PrOlesees of Glass Vilriflestim
00 try Meffim Of tb~ bdftd*cdoa of Additives to the BasclL
j In Russian.) 1. D. TyltachinskO and D. L GJk. Sir-
^
kot'na
i K
i
h

00 eram
ya
c
akdiiij
Promythlexxosi (Glass

00 and Ceramic Industry). v. 4, Dec. 1947, p, 3.7.

Th
f

a e e
fects of severil fluorine compounds, BA,
,
t
J
~ ass
po
um m
3esium chloride hexahydrate. am-
monlacal "Its, AmA, and MnOj are Indicated.
oo

MIA,

;
WMAT"I CLA11PPICATIOM
7
v0
IV 10 11 or a N 99 Is 09
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ir 9
A 2. r. H I IL
004 ..L.
A
Addiden of fi%WW As a amn of &WOU196 the 40tri
of nothasit" phusa for abost SluL D. L Cm LP
7VUCH MI!,, AND L 1. ZINGKAN- SkAk i Kersta.,
11T-C-7WARP-ard-ents, as thd addition of dumpar
fte" =UCW Wi A system e4210=1111 It MOM.
004 el sod six Fourcault mac Analysis at 1t wa-sueurs.%vy tomiuce the temperaturrin them"fleof
aegiltar
004 was SiQ, 71.7. AIA 0.7, F%Os 0.2, CaO 7.6. the Fourcault channel by 15*~ The machines operated
lil jffq 3.(,, S;ko l(Ij. and So. O.V.1p Sod& amounted for
lilt better. and the output of intact shorts was raj,,nI. %,o
70,,r of tbe N'&,0. &M mUste for 30%. The addition 01 Increase in the destruction of refractork-s or In crystallizA.
the finoraper was made In 11sme stages: (1) 0.5170 CsiF, tor 7
tion of the glass ma-A was observed, On the basis d
for
ill days, (7) 1.0f,', Cafs Ior 8 days, and (3) 125% CaP these results, the addition o( duorspar wa* wfoptel at
~Ii 1~dxys. ne temperature in the tank furnwt was MR111-
tatned at WO'. but it dropped I ,imes to 1360 . 'M Various plants; results were highly satioactary.

.3 even lower. 7%t spedfic take-off per square meter of
'
v1
r
,00
in the first stage. 3
melting Surface was 1
,
vTrewsed l8
v
,
e dail
char
e
Avera
th
d
d 26
i
4W
h
j
09 e
.
e secon
n
n t
, an
g
,
g
y
*

01
Stages
was increased 10.5%. During the second Mul third
l
h
d
h
l
i
s
ange
the character o( the me
t
ng process was c
arp
y.
affitation of heaps Increased. rate of melting was ac-
g ceirmted, mid quantity of heaps in the funusee was reduced
to that It was no ImCer necessary to return thew to the
realm of the first burnem Foam-(me glass was increased
i
i n ol "R
in length by 2 to 2.5 m. The selmsfatm
ddi
d
Th
i
t
.
ncrease
e
,
rd state was
during the th
i.1 duarine improved the working probenies of the Am maw,
LA AtTALLUNCICAL UTINATIM11 CLA1111'KATION
U :AT a"
BZK
M I S a nd a a I Is of I a a 31 4 1
se Is"
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TV,
t. .. TY-Iijkc 3.3j.jr. so, 1140-4w.
*ftW--Ah". ft" 23,
).-7b* batick, 001 MID, C&O got MO M
so 6 to the 6-coatpa"St batels
w *w6mouft sbeet OA- CIS
- 24
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=4 6t Itith MO a"" it" of tw re-

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=) Nkco-
drw at
121
OAS
.
00 a '11
-
cacos, 146CM, UA 9104 (
TbnWA4lx- at tbb qmaterwr am. SMW OW.
150' an Com9on,
..-,cd q,
* S .
saw tbft-md dkvts m the termarY batebts 1`14C0.-
" V'S, of a
* N&XO,4Wh wA CaWr%ikCOr&O,'- the sam 009 "A tbe to
oe't ~
1 totboviot of 101001 Wt. Ing (AIVICIMOICIAMP. BYVMI
o MCM +
13 t
1 g
mrmnt hutlorations of the 2 plots ellulimtbn m c
M*
dw
I
&VI. fm
l
mmm Ist
wtho at 3w* "A Wow- um-
d M COW dkWo. of
j;i .
lwating attest becotaft pankakdY PfORIONGed
wkb a slinitt Mos. at W, Cfwm disub". NSco.)*
M
*0 -3
0 1 of mgc(h aw an Intense T 810J.
thmet in the tana, to tbe +
+
Ttm affemt cou
+ =,ta,~-+
0:2
a it a -a a-% to 0 44
nf the dow
44W ON emit r Nth sovem at
me. fogwim, of
of m 9
wtth mg alwat" w "-mw'
Ap9muce of a squid phm
Lis, mettlas CMO. of of
Ilt the et=
mhts) at F3=uO-D' a 0. tbI basis -1 Cis,
tbods of study of boti, the qwLta-.T
wm", the temictlow tiCktag pbom bt
+ NAOM + so$ of t1w "
w 3M. . .
tmk . begWIM
foromdm at Ca-
h, 3001; bee-
46M" IN ShIl Cam.
WKN4(ccz V.-T4,410, K4S_K_h +
304m.; mortift bf + SM
M-M)", xactim en"Iftscodw +
NaA + M. Sw-M ; Wedme
r"etions ( N, (CO.). + 290(h - CASKh + NQUh
of ow fesclim Knew, + SKh Nfts% +
CSSA + Cch; Nsom +
2CA; cxco, + Skh ~
K)X . Na.Sjoa + C04. The tedotbermal elftct at M-
.41 OW. crm-ds to fmao of a mks
g mwO, am. amud I . ac
~e, a c., g, and Na and of CLNe.-
of mtectics of #0* cook
~h jQIh,'.wtII&S*.CO,. Tbapmakatfim".,011 powfacto, 'Aur
U biticred on tM q=I.Y Ibertmo-
uAim of N 7w
1 gmm Wt is distioct on the ternary curv-. The I-t 915
j9: kdotbermAl ~ at 915', carmpands to Absom. 01-
ti. ,gagluder f MO.. From - upbbeating 6 ac-
is broad IMM. C.1
"lem'sid. atowing an ezotbmW effect a
=AM." the rcactims USO + 510. U4
low-1130
ld&Sb% MW C&O + SIO. - C45K)" M_"Oft
~t, _'bati
~T~_ " of bLubts b:ated to vatic- tcmps.,!ro!ql-- AV
1,0M -,
U 0 LV a C, 1), LF IV 14 64NUG mats ICHKOR I
i4p 0
0
rem
J. CACO. + E*), CWSOI +
Mi. of dimeoft. macm - JUG + -
1000
fmalt. metka at r mVw Nis
00*; a of kuld (4m
W=4 &Ulm cgfbmt" whs
1. mte of dissom. CACOO - C80 + comb
W: m-
- Int"W'"rm ON the remetim MCO + Siot -
9W-1150 hte"m P, at CLO + 8101 -
0m, mictim COSOO + fdrA
0~.Mgw, 600.13m*. join. of Slot imid J Cis "d
sadeatc, in (be meft. 115(1~43W*- IN tW q--K"WT.7--
b ki, SW all M=tig= rA diwom. of 6ubOmd"
or Ocala "Otta be~ mgUw and POOR Mee -
Ctytb,,aj,,tjwtcrwyCAO_.ZhkO4W& N.171100 -
-00
.00
-00
.0
.0
.00
-00
9*40
400
a**
INS*
see
tso
uoe
-too

TYUCIIIIISX;Z?*~ 1. D.
Action of glassmelting acceleratorc at high temperstures.
L. I. BUNEHV , V. V. FOLLYAK anb~ 1). TYKACHINSKIlf 0
A , z
Steklo i K -6-T27-3-5 (1949).--Both soda and sulfate
charges were used in studying the effect of F2, F2 + B203
and F2 + MhO + A5203 + B203 on the rate of glassmelting at
temperatures from 13500 to 14500. With or without the use
of accelerators, the process was accelerated with rising
temperature. For axj,,,,ordinary charge (no acoelerators) a
rise from 13500 to 4500 cut the time about one-fourth. The
1% F a
addition of 2 t*1350' and at 14500 reduced the time one half;
the addition of F2 + B203 produced similar results. Simultaneous
use of high temperatures and accelerators caused a further reduction
in processing time. Some reduction in the activity of the accelerators
at high temperatures was caused by volatilization. Fluorine also
facilitated the fining, reducing the volume of residual gases. The
accelerator F2 + MnO + B203 + AS203 was tested only with a soda charfe
at 13500 and 14000; the total time reduction, compared with the
ordinary charge, was over one-third. B.Z.K.

&0 4'
00 .4
00 A
oo
00
.1.
J.
00
00
09
of
00
00
WWII
--rMprewhid itst c4adractlad d a Moduutits,11 da 4rgor (for tm&
(Wnaxat~ 1. D-TYK INSK 11, A. Lowcusix. N;, R.
!I
PIKODATTODA. Aim A. TTS SKRM.' Skito i Krra m . 6 1101
(1949).-712c Thin Layer Feeder serving tank furnace No. 2
at the October Revolution Glass Works was modified in two stages
in an Attempt to increase the fate Of glalsinelting. At first, par.
litions were installed between the 6 bins of tb! feeder. This in.
creased the thk-kn*s-s of the charge and cutlet lay" on the feeder
table from 130 to 210 nini.; the layer was nimaive. without any
Wa
vinemor "rows." After 10 days of operation, directing planes
(knives) were installed 10 min. above the feeder table, along
the 2zesof the partitions. The knives did not Interfere with the
jitalthetAble. After this change. the ch4rse J1141 rullrt
11MM"?v
jwxLjo In etitef the furnace in the forin of Separate rows (Lycr
oil tAbIC WAS2 15111111. thick). whk-ltAvrr Shortly joithni. the n1mce,
between the rows becoming filled with a thin [Ayer of ch,tfgc And
foam. Observation* inade during 20 days of operation. u,ing
168 to 18.1% culki, indicate Intensification of the pruct-s-
(inching was complete at the W and 3d pairs (if burners). The
olaximurn ternperaturr was 1421M. It is proposcil in coruluct
extensive tests at not lower than 14MV. Further imen0ficati,in
of the proccus is to be attained by changing the feeder to give
Separate rows of licaps an the nielt surface with tin thin I.tyt-r of
charge between thern. Cf. Ceram. Abilracts, 1950, MAy, it. inj
I L 4 $11AMIRGICAt. LITERATU09 C1,A11ifKATION
Sol $it Q.V 441
-j -1 1-' 1 ;
x a it It 0C a at IC
U AV 10 411~ " 0 0 11 0 4
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0 q60, 010 a 0 0 0 0 0 (- 0 0 * 0 0 0 0 * 0 a

PORTUGALOV, D. I., 'HUCHINS"I'A, 1. 1).
Glass rianufacture
Development of Production and use of thick-walled glass tuues., Stek. i. ker.,
9, No. 2, 1952.
Monthly 4st of Russian AccessL ris, Licrary of ~Congress, riay 1952., ~nciassified.

TYKACHINSKIY, I.D.; AFANASIUV, A-N-
Rapid determination of moisture in
method of thermal analYsis- Steklo
.(CA 47 no.18:9581 153)
r&w materials of glass aharge by the
i Keram. 9. Ho.3, 6-8 152. (KLRA 5:2)
e-

r
7TWHIM11Y I D nauchnyy redaktor; GLITAMVA, I.G., re&aktor; DVOIWI-
I f. TEA. ktakhnicheskiy redaktor.
[Kethod of drawing glass without a Odibiteuse"; experience of the
Livoy glass factory] Beslodochnyi metod vytiagivaniia staila; opyt
kollektiva, LIvovskogo stekollnogo zavoda. Moskva, Gee. izd-vo lit-ry
po stroitelInyx materialam, 1953. 68 P. (MLRA 7;11)
(Glass manufacture)

yy"

-7
K 4 C-+ ( '
USSIJ/ Engineering - Glass drawing
C-,,jrd 1/1 Pub. 104. - 6/9
Authors sTomashevich, 1. 0., and Tykachinskly, 1. D.
Title sConstruction of a machine bed for vertic,~ drawing of plate glass
Periodical s~~tok- i ker. 2, 17-21, Fob 1954
Abstract iThe report presents a generalization of accurmlated experimental data on
the adaption of the boatless method for vertical drawing of plate gla 3.
The advantages of this method are listed, as well as the difficulties
which have to be ironed out before the method can be put to practical
application. The introduction of boatless glass drawing (vertical drawing
through a specially designed machine bed), is considered )ne of the Tna'n
contributions to the quality improvement of window and technical gld5s.
Plans, for such machine bed arrangement are included. Jne reference
(1952). Diagrams; drawings.
Institution:
Submitted:

N-TY'KAGRINSKly,
Shavit-g., thr FAxs t4 54iva Clos in floatk"
-rgff8r'YM efilm
avil 1. 0. Rl-'amfka, V. tit). 5, May
lncrv.i~til i,liji-ily Iq 1,1L.,j, f(Itilliltl: plial, aild 1"Mall. ~)A
grams, In,

T k4ducts-Icil R S.
y v-s-
11, 3-0; Rdet.-ij. Zl~rw i~h
The sutt~bihty of tilt
V,,xj.vt in M..04 pLtnti I'l.
M~Jlil,g iw~ i_~ugaf,! is, ul't -all, ... Id
T2.H wd 5.3 _W!' 11~;Al gi-, , , -iLl'i - -
bl~s and kc,pt f- 4 b- t 14 ti, g! p
fir- tfi~ ciucII&S, tl i'll , ,, "I
W." ~-L vi~~Ily_ It " - hl.k'l 0, A 1;,,
Pat-). MI.t. cwld bew".ij m j"101-of ~i- . ;; - , -!
III , ij
(4 tht Clz",W.4s 'ai-i 1,i AI ~
with

K A - I-+ k N - K 14 , I ~ L,
U=/' Engineering - Glass tube manufacture
Card 1/1 Pub. 104 - 6/11
Authors I Shapiro. 1. E.; Tykachinskiy. 1. DO and Buneyeva, L. I.
Title iThe ninnufacture of heat resistance glass pipes fran alkaline-free glass
by the horizontal drawing method
Periodical iStek,i ker. 2, 18 - 21, Feb 1955
Abstract iThe process of manufacturing heat resistant glass pipes from alkaline-free
five-component glass (containing SiO2, A1203, CaO, MgD and F2) by the hor-
izontal drawing method is described. The physico-chemical composition of
such a type of glass are described and the various applications of glass
pipes are listed. Tables; diagrams; drawings; graph.
Institution:
Submittedr

. . . . . . . . . .~ ~ ~_ W- -~ - - ~ . 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-Y /r. 4 C ~// /Y - i;~ A-F /,Y,//, ef_~;,.
USS.R/Chemj-(-al Technology. Chemical Pr~~&xcts a-nd Their Application -- Silicates.
Glass. Ceramics. Birders, 1-9
AbBt Jrurnc.l: Referat nur - Khim:%ya, No 2, 1,957, 5188
Author: %~h:Lr~,skiy, 1. D.,, Botvfjik-.'n,. 0. K., Puneyeva, L. I., Levina, R. S.,
Tkhotin,_ W._T-.,-MTkozhin, Yu. V., Syritskaya, Z. M.
lnstituti~,n: None
Title: Development of Alkall-Free anI lcq;-Alkali Glass Compositions and of
the Technolcgy of Thefx Melting and Fabrication
Orig'~-al
Publication: Stekle 1 keramika., lqq6, No 6, 1-6
Abstract: Fresaiatativn of the results of w=k = the development of boron-free,
alkali-free or lcw-alkali glasSeB. suitable for mechanized manufacture",
of mass prr-duction articles. Sele~:tion of the compositions was based
-in a fo-x,~ component system S'02-A1203-CRO-MgO, and research dealt
prJmar.lly with the region af ternary eiAtectic, of MP 1,2220, having
the crnposition (in % by weight): SiO2 61.9, A1,20 3 18.5, Cao 10.2
and MgO 9.4. To facilitate melting additions of C&F2, B203, Na20,
Card 1/2

USSR/Chemical Technology . Chemical Products and Their Application -- Silicates -
Glass. Ceramics. Binders; 1_9
Abst Jourmal: Referat Zhur - Ehimiya, No 2, 1957, 5188
Abstract: P205 were lased. CaF2 was found to be most effective. ElLimination of
silica crust at the surface of the glass melt was effected by incor-
poration of 1% Cao as calcium sulfate. A series of glasses have
been developed in which the sum of alkaline-earth oxides is constant,
and the proportions of MgO and CaO approximate those of dolomite. As
a result of studies of crystallization and viscosity a series of
glass compositiens are recommended. One of them (glass 110 13) con-
tains [in % by weight): Sioa 61.91-AI203 18.5, CaO 15.4, MgO 4.2,
F1 4 (in excess of 100); it is characterized by the following proper-
ties: coefficient of linear expansion 43-45 - 10-7, thermal conduc-
tiv-:Lty coefficient (at 70-3500). 0.75-0.77 kcal/m degree hour, the=al
capacity (at 25-3600) o.472-0.208 kcal/kg degree, Young modulus 7,350-
7,500 kg/~n2, specific gmvity 2.6 g/=3, flexural strength 620 kd=2,
microhardness 935-975 kg/=2. The investigated glasses show high
electric insulating properties. They can be melted in pat and tank
furnaces at 1,480-1,5100 and fabricated by various mechanizzed pro-
cedures in the mass production of various kinds of glass articles
I.tubes;, :LGsulators, parts of machines and apparatus, glass fiber).
Card 2/2

ACCESSION NR: AT019301
S/0000/63/003/001/0123/0126
AUTIOR: Ty*kachinskiy, 1. 0.; Sorkin, Ye. S.
TITHE: Investigation of the variation In the physical.properties of glass of the
lithium 6xide-alumina-silica system during Its crystallization
SOURCE: Simpozium po itekloobraznomu sostoyanlyu. Leningrad, 1962. Stekloobraz-i
noye sostoyanlye, vy*p. 1: Katalizirovannaya kristallizatslya stekla (Vitreous
state no. 1: Catalyzing crystallization of glass). Trudy* simpoziuma, v. 3,
no. I Moscow, lzd-vo AN SSSR, 1963, 123-126
TOPIC TAGS: glass, glass crystallization, glass physical property, aluminosili-
cate, lithium glass
AUSTRACT: The authors Investigated the changes in the physical properties, such
as density, refractive Index, coefficients of thermal expansion and light trans-
mittance, as well as tle deformation under isothermal static compression, of
glasses of the Li2O-AlZOj-fSIO2 system during crystallization as a function of.
the time of exposure at I ferent temperatures. The experimental curves show I
that at any temperature of exposure in the investigation range, the density and
refractive Index asymptotica*Ily approached the same limiting value. The coef-~
ficient of light transmittance approached zero asymptotically. Deformation curves
Card 1/2

ACCESSION NR: AT11019301
for glass under static compression at different temperatures are given, and the
correlation between the character of the deformation and the changes In physical
constants is plotted at a temperature of thermal treatment of 710C. On plotting
the same curves at other temperatures, In the same time interval, It could be
seen that the deformation curves of Isothermal static compression reveal changes
In the physical properties of the initial glass during Its crystallization. Com-
pression tests on samples of Initial glass of the Li2O-AI2O3-SIO2 system using
other mineralizers showed that the deformation curves have an analogous slope.
Orig. art. has: 4 figures and I formula.
ASSOCIATION: none
SUBMITTED: 17May63 DAT E ACQ: 21Nov63 ENCL: 00 1
CODE: MT NO REF sov: 004 OTHER: 00i
2/2

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I", ." . .. - -1 1 -1 . .
, . - .- . . il -

TYXACHINSIIYJPI.D.Ik BOTVIMN, 0.1.; BURRIVA, L.I.; LIVIVA, R.S.;
in, RM; HOOMKIN, Ttx.V.; BY]UTBUTA. Z.R.
Xaking alkali-free and low-alkali glass compounds and the technology
of their malting and shaping. Stsk.1 ker. 13 no.6:1-6 Je 156.
Mu 9: 8)
1. Vsesqyuzny7 nailchno-Issleclovatelskly institut stekla.
(Glass manufacture)

? - 171 IKN- A L & / A -~, f r -, i i ! -,
ORWVA, M.P., i;iiidiat tekhnicheskikh nauk; SISOROVA, V.N., kandidat
tekhnichaskikh nauk; TTXILCHINSKIT, 1.D., kandidat tekhnicheskikh
nauk.
Investigating the perforsance of the VVS uachines at high speeds In
the Bytoshevskiy and Chagodoshchenskiy glass works. Trudy VNII-
Stakla no-36:82-94 156. (KM 9, 11)
(Glass nanufteturs) (Furnaces)

7y-,, 'jri? e. hY
USSi/Chemical Technology - Chemical Prqducts and Their H-7
Application. Ceramics. Glass. Binders. Concrete.
Abs Jour : Referat Zhur - Khimijya, No 1, 1958, 2021
Author : Tykachinskiy I.D., Khtayeva G.V.
I-------------
Inst Institute of Glass
Title Intensification of Glass Melting Process by Incorporation
of Ammonium Salts.
Orig Pub Steklo i keramika, 1957, No 1, 3-7
Abstract Of partic-ular interest as accelerating agents in the pro-
cess of glass melting, are the ammonium salts, vhich are
volatilized during the process and therefore do not alter
the composition of the glass. At the Institute of Glass
a study was made of the effect of nium salts on the
vitrifica'Uon and clarification of industrial glasses of
alkaline and alkall-free composition. An investigation
Card 1/3

USS~/Chemical Technology - Chemical Products and Their H-7
Application. Ceramics. Glass. Binders. Concrete.
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Khimiya, No 1, 1958, 2021
was made of the effect of addition of a- nium chloride,
nitrate and sulfate, in amounts ranging from 0.5 to 5%,
to alkali-free glass of composition No 13 and to ordina-
ry sheet glass made from a soda- and soda-eulfate mix.
It is shown that of the three ammonium salts that were
investigated the greatest acceleration of the vitrifica-
tion process is produced by (NHO00j, added in amounts
from 3 to 5% depending on the compos tion of the mix.
Addition of 1qH4N03 Causes the formation of flecks, vhi-
le IqH4Cl is little effective and imparts a yellow-brown
color to the glass. The extent of acceleration of the
melting process, in the case of a soda- and soda-sulfate
batches, is of about 30% at temperatures of 1370- 1420c).
A verification of the effect of the addition on the speed
of melting of alkali-free glass has confirmed the results
of laboratory experiments. It was ascertained that an
Card 2/3

USSR/Chemical Technology - Chemical Products and Their H-7
Application. Ceramics. Glass. Binders. Concrete.
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Khimiya, No 1, 1958, 2021
addition of (NH4)2804 has a beneficial effect on the pro-
cess of clarification. Verification of the effect of eA-
dition of 1-5% (KH4)2SO4 on the crystallization properties
has shown that in the temperature interval utilized in pro-
duction the crystallization properties of the investigated
glasses are not made worst; on the other hand an addition
of 0.5% (NH4),SO4 renders the crystallization properties
worse, especially at low temperatures.
Card 3/3

AUMOR: Tykachinakiy,, 1, D,,., and Katayeva, G. V,
Tr=t Intensification of Glass Founding with Ammonium. Salts (Intensifikatsiya
varki stekla putem vvedeniya a niyrqkh soley)
PSIOMCALs Steklo i Keramika,, 1957, Vol, 14., Hr 1., pp 3-7 (U,,S,S,Rj
ABSTUCT% A study was conducted at the Glass Found Laboratories of the Volga
Scientific Research Institute for Comprehensive Study of Structures,
Building Materials, and Sanitary Engineering (Laboratorii steklovareniya
VNI10, to determine the effect of ammonium salts on a glass found
process and the clarity of commercial alkali and alkali-leso glass.
Two tMB of glass and three admixtures were used for the above mentioned
purpose; an alkali-less glass, No. 13, S102-62,0%j A1203-18.5%;
CaO6-15.3..- )tO-4.2%; F1-4% above 100; and a common mtndow pane glasst
SiO2-72.5%; A120 -2 0% CaO-6.5%; MgO-4.0%,- W20-15.0%. The adndxtures
NH Cl W 0 (;~ I 60h were applied in the amount of from 0,5 to
. H4NO PW
5%4(;sthe :~Lnt of wxaz is given in % according to charge weight).
The study of the rate of glaos.found under laboratory conditions was
conducted according to A. P, Zak's method, and under the semi-
industrial conditions according to the quantiV of admixtures. The
glass founding was performed in especially designed uniform fireclay,
cruicible furnaces., heated to 1370 ! 50) 1420 : 50., and 1450 ! 50
Card 1/1 temperatures, During the experiments,, the temperatures were kept constant,

Intensification of Glass Founding-
with Amnium Salts
Table No, 1 shows the effect of ammonium salts on the duration of
formation of the So* 13 alkali-less glass at a temperature of 14500.
Table No, 2 shows the effect of various ammonium salts on the dur4tLon
of formation of a common alkali glass from soda batch at a temperature
of 13700. Table No. 3 shows the effect of various ammonium salts on
the duration of formation of a comoon .alkali glass from a sodium sulfate
batch at a temperature of 13700. Table No. 4 shows the results of
investigation of the rate of formation of glass from a soda and sodium
sulfate batch containing 3 -5% of a nium sulfate admixture at a
temperature of 14200. Table No. 5 shows the results of glass founding
with an admixture of 3% of S04' Graphs No. 1 & 2,, show the effect
Of (NH4)2S04 admixture on crya zation characteristics of the glass.
It is indicated that glass found with a 2 -4% (NH4)2SO admixture ia
`~4 it.
less inclined to cx7stallization than the glass witho
Personalities cited: A, P, Zak is referred to for his method of
studying glass formation. There are no bibliographic references.
ASMATIONt
PRESS*= M
SMMIMDt
AVAIMIRs
C*W 2/2

1 iv -4
ORWVA, M.P.; POLLUX, V.V.; TYKACHINSKIY, I.Do
Speeding up the melting process is a powerful means for increasing
the productivity of glass furnaces. Stek. i ker. 14 no.9:1-4 S 157-
(MIRA 10:10)
l.Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut otakla.
(Glass manufacture)

TYKACHIN.~A-l Y, LP?
.AUTHOR: Tykachinskiy, I.D. 72-2-1/20
-----------
TITLE: Intensification Of Production Processes (Intensifikatsiya
proizvodetvennykh protaessov).
Acceleration of Smelting and of the Production of Plate Glass
(Uskoreniye varki i vyrabotki listovogo stakla).
PERIODICALs Steklo i Keramika, 1958# Njr 2, pp. 1-4 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The increase of the production output of plate glass is intended,
for the greater part, to be attained by an intensification of the
production process. The main factors in this connection are the
smelting temperature, suitable additions to the smelt, and the f ine
granulation of the material of the layers. Fig. I shows the depend-
ence of the time of smelting on temperature. Stepanenko found by
analyzing the work of factory plants that an increase of tempera-
ture from 1430 to 14900 increases the specific production output of
glass by approximately 56%,,whioh is also confirmed by Litvakovskiy.
At present Soviet plants are working with temperatures of from 1460
to 14700. Melting temperatures of from 1490 to 15000 are permissible
with the present refractory equipment of furnaces. By the work
Card 113 carried out at the Institute for the Utilization of Gas AN USSR

Intensifio&tion of Production Processes. 72-2-1/20
Acceleration of Smelting and of the Production
of Plate Glass
it was shown that by using a combined fuel the heat transfer of
the torch can be increased, which is also confirmed by the works
by W.A. Zakharikov and A.I. Rozhanskiy. By works carried out by the
Institute for Glass several chemical additions were determined by
which the process of smelting was accelerated, among others the
fluorides combined with boron-anhyaride, CaP21 amonium-sulfate,
and others. The work "Proletariy" has been using annonium-sulfate
with good success since November 1957, as shown by the papers by
Engver, Katayeva and Orlova. The accelerating affect of the aaai-
tions is conserved also at higher temperatures an may be seen from
the illustmtion. The Soviet scientists Kitaygoroaskiy, Uyakhlov,
and others as well as experiments carried out by the Institute for
Glass showed that, by using a finely ground layer, the smelting pro-
cess can be accelerated by 25 to 30%. The Institute for Glans, to-
gether with VNIITIM, developed a combined scheme of grinding. The
influence exercised by a finely ground layer upon the time taken by
smelting at different temperatures may be seen from fig. 3. To-
gether with the increase of the efficiency of smelting furnaces it
card 213 is, however, necessary to increase also the efficiency of the

Intensification of Production Processes.
Acceleration of Smelting and of the Production
of Plate Glass
72-2-1/20
machines and to provide for additional machines. The Bytoshev and
Chagodoshchensk plants work with a velocity of glas5 production of
85-100 m per hour. For this purpose a glass mass with a content of
4% MSO 1 14,8% alkali oxides, and 1 6-1 8% A1203 ' as well as with an
addition of 0,5-2,0% K20, instead of the corresponding quantity of
N&20, is suited. The present publication is part of a lecture which
was delivered on December 10 - 12, 1957 during a technical conference
held at the Konstantinovka plant. CRef. 1]. There are 3 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Institute for Glass (Institut stekla).
AVAILABLE- Library of Congress
Card 313

T YK-Arllhv_"'Xl~~
AUTHORS: Tykachinskiy Katayeva, G.V. 72-2-2/20
TITLEt On the Effect of the Acceleration of Amonium-Sulfate on the Process
of Glass Malting (Ob uskoryayuahohem daystvii sullfata amoniya na
protaess ateklovareniya).
PERIODICAL Steklo i Keramika, 19,58, Tir 2, pp. 4-5 (USSR)
ABSTRACTs The beat effect is attained by an addition, with respect to weight,
of 3% ammonium-sulfate. The authors describe in detail what invest-
igations they carried out ando occasionally, also refer to a previous
work. The following conclusion is drawns Ammonium-sulfate forms
chemical ocmpounds with the layer components as well as with the
layer as a whole. The existence of (NH )2SOLL in the layer, thanks to
its being melted at a temperature of 3%0, leads to the formation of
a liquid intermediate layer, by which interaction amon
'g layer compo-
nents is promoted. In the temperature range of 350-530 the ammonium-
sulfate decomposes into the gaseous products NH SO and H20. The
amonia acts mechanically upon the layer by u2n'g i~. Group SO 3 and
steam react, owing to their high chemical activity, with the layer
components and accelerate the process of malting. The addition
Card 1/2 (NIQ004 to the alkali-free layer leads to the earlier formation

On the Zffeot of the Acceleration of 72-2-2/20
Amonium-Sulfate on the Process of Glass Melting
of a liquid phase by the formation of CaSO4 and the euteotio mix-
ture 0822-CaSO4' which mel't-os at a temperature of 9600, and it also
leads to a more rapid formation of silicate and glass. There is
I Slavic reference.
ASSOCIATION: Institute for Glass (Institut stekla).
AVAILOLE: Library of Congress
0& j 2/2

~KR C 0 1 t4 S
AUTHOR, None Given 72-2-18/20
TITLE: The Production of Glass in the Ukrainian SSR Must be Developed
(Razvivat' proizvodstva stekla v USSR)
From the Technical Conference of Bgreeentativesof the Glass Industry
(S tekhnicheskogo soveshchaniya. rabotnikov stekollnoy
pramyshlennosti).
PFMODICAL: Steklo i Keramika, 1956, Nr 2, pp. 43-45 (USSR)
ABSTRACTt This conference was called by the Xinistz7 for the Industry of
Building Materials of the Ukrainian SSR as well as by the Ukrainian-
and Stalin-Regional NTO for Building Materials and took place on
December 10-12, 1957 at Konstantinovka. The minister for the build-
ing material industry of the Ukrainian SSR, Moroz, opened the con-
ferenoe and stressed the fact that the production of glass mix-st be
increased. The following reports were further delivered:
1.) Patenko, (Deputy Minister for the Building Material Industry)
spoke about the present stage of the glass industry, and pointed
out what work must be carried out in future.
2.) Solinov (Director of the Institute for Glass) gave a report con-
cerning new kinds of glass products for dwelling- and industrial
Card 1/5 buildings and how they are to be properly used in practice.

The Produotion of Glass in the Ukrainian SSR Must be 72-2-18/20
Developed. From the Technical Conference of RePreOeUtstiVes
of the Glass Industry
3.) Dubrovskiy (Director of the Ukrainian Branch of the Institute
for Glass) described the work carried out by this institute.
4.) ZTykachinsky (Institute for Glass) gave a detailed description
of--the part played by the fActors determining the intensity of
the process of glass melti
5.) Zhirnov (-Proletarly" planTspoke about the success achieved
by this plant.
6.) Lev (Representative of the Giprosteklo Institute) spoke about th
distribution of new produots.
7-) Alekseyev (Acadepw for Building anaArchiteoture of the USSR)
spoke about the assortment, quality* and value of building glass
8.) Il'inskiy (Head of the Pyrometrio Department of the Giprosteklo)
spoke about the perfecting of glass smelting furnaces during
future repair work.
9.) K.I.Borisov (M of the Institute for Glass) spoke about improve
constructions of glass smelting furnaces and flues.
Card 2/5

The Production of Glass in the Ukrainian SS.R Must be 72-2-18/20
Developed. From the Technical Conference of Repretentatives
of the Class Industry
10.) Solomin, Professor (Institute for Glass) spoke about re-
fraotories for tank furnaces.
11.) Pronin (Lisichansk Works) reported about dinas products of
high stability.
12.) Boadarev (Director of the "Avtosteklo" Works, Konstantinovka)
dealt with prospects for building glass.
13.) Firer (Representative of the Gomel Plant) spoke about the pro-
duotion and use of glass tubes and foam glass.
14.) Zabkov (Director of the Plant imeni October Revolution) spoke
about the prospects of the production of special glass pro-
ducts.
15.) Bazhbeyk-Melikov (Scientific Collabomtor of the Institute for
Glass) gave a report on building glass blocks.
16.) Abakwnov (Chief Engineer of the Skopino, Works) spoke about the
production of glass blocks in this plant.
iM Shatokhin (Institute for Glass), Polik (Institute for Glass
Fibres), Koryagins. (Ivotsk Plant) spoke about glass fibres.
Card 315

The Production of Glass in the Ukrainian SSR Kum t be 72-2-18/20
Developed. From the Technical Conference of RePreSentativeB
of the Glass Industry
18.) Perederiyenko (Director of the Glass Works at Lvov) spoke about
plate glass of high quality.
19.) ]Kyasnikov (Dotsent of the Polytechnic Institute of Kiyev) spoke
about the production of glass tiles.
20.) Reznikov (PEB of the Institute for Glass) , Minakov ("Avto-
steklo" Works, Konstantinovka), Dolbin ("Proletariy" Works),
Kolesnikov (Plant imeni October Revolution), Zhirnov (TsEB
NFHK Ukminian SSR) spoke about problems of mechanization.
21:~ Pod"yellskiy spoke about the packing of glass.
22 Baklanov (Head of the Sovnarchose Stalinsk) spoke about the
development of new building materials in that province.
23.) Potanin (Deputy Chief of the Department for Building Materials
of the Gosplan USSR) spoke about general probleam of the glass
industry.
Decisions were made with a view of increasing the efficiency and
Card 415 the quality of the products of glass works and the works producing

The Production of Glass in the Ukrainian SSR Must be 72-2-18/20
Developed. From the Technical Conference of Reprexentatives
of the Glass Industry
refractories. On the basis of the Ukrainian branch it is intended
that a Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute for Glass be
established at Konstantinovka.
AVAIWLE: Library of Congress
Card 5/5

-- - TYI:ACHINSKIY,,,,I,D, kand. tokhn. nank.
- -..- -14~ -- a
_;-
-- 09-
-r-,= -
Theoretical fundamentals of the gUse-forming procesir, Khim, nwAm i
prom. 3 no.1:65-71 15P. (Gla 1; 9 ) (MMA 1113 )

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1108-T

15(2) Sr-, 7//72- " 1~1`-At-4112
AUTHORS: 12ykachin,-.-'--i,-;,, I~ D., llomanovokiy, D.
TITLE; On the Influence Exercised by Dolomite of Granuloi:,,cti,ic
Composition on the Vitrification of the Aluminum-magnosium
t,
Layer (Vliyaniye granulometriclieskogo sostava dolomita na
stekloobrazovaniye alyumomagneziallnoy shikhty)
-o- i-
PERIODICAL: Steklo I keramika, 19510, Tir 49 Pp 14 - 19 (--' - )
ABST-~ ACT: In the present paper the authors describe -an ex,.erimenlal
investi.-ation of this problem. Two tyl;es of layers were used:
& soda and a soda-sulphate layer an well as 4 dolomite
fract-ion3 of the Ashcherinsl-nye deposit of a grallular si,-,e
of 0.22, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.,02 i.,im (Fig 1). The rate of vitrifica-
tion was determined accordino to A. P. Za'~'s methcd. As may
be seen from the table and the figures 2 arid the granular
size of the dolomite ex,~rciaerj a con31derable influence on
the duration of vitrification In the -,oda ac -nell as in U.e
soda-sulphate layer,. In fiCures 4,5, and 6 the tliormogrums
of the differOLA layers are giveri and then discussed in
detail. In figure 7 the curves of the weight losses in the
Card 1/12 heating of the layer are represented. It may be seen from

On the Influence 33cercised by Dolomite of Granulometric SOV/72-59-4-4/2'
Composition on the Vitrification of the AlumiriurnaO:~eEfu:_. Layer
the experimental results (Fi.,Is 4,5, and 6 and Table) that
the process of oilicate -and glass formation at a temperature
above 9000 dePends mainly on the granular si~,.o of the dolo-
mite, 1111licrosections of layer sirterin_!-s with coarve- and
fine-grained dolomite were investi,--ated (Fvi~s 8 and Q), It
may be seen from it that in the case of fine-grained dolenite
the reaction between dolomite and quartz to-kes place more
easily and more rapidly., Since 1958 dolomite is ground of a
granular size of below 0.1 mm in the Gusr-,vs,.iy Works imeni
Dzerzhinskiy. There are 9 figures and 1 table,
Card 2/2

15(2) SOV/72-59-5-3/23
AUTHORS: Tykachinskiy, I. D., Obidina, S. P.
TITLE: The Effect of Fluorine on Processes Taking Pla0e in Heating an
Alkaliless Layer (Vliyaniye ftora na protsessy, protekayushchiye
pri nagrevariii besshchelochnoy shikhty)
PERIODICAL: Steklo i keramika, 1959, Nr 5, PP 9 - 11 (USSR)
ABSTRAM The following publications are devoted to the investigation
of the fluorine effect as an accelarator in glass melting;
V. F. Zhuravlev, S. P. Vol'fson (Ref 1), N. A. Toporov, S. P.
Golynko-Vollfson, M. Lt. Sychev (Ref 2). 1. D. Tykachinskiy and
A. N. Afanaslyev (Ref 3) investigated the processes taking
place in heating the following alkaliless layers:
sio2 + Al203 + Caco3 + 11gco 3; 3'02 +A'203+CaCO3+1!gCO3 +CaF2
(see footnotes). Layers with and without fluorine were inves-
'-:,7ated (Table). The rate of glass formation was determined
U --
by the A. P. Zak-method. The figure shows the investigation
results. Hence it appears that the time of glass formation is
reduced by half by an addition of 4,f~ fluorine by means of CaF2
Card 1/2 to a layer with the composition SiO 2+Al203+CaCO3+Mgco 3'

I -
The Effect of Fluorine on Processes TakinC Place in SOY/72-59-5-3/23
Heating an Alkaliless Layer
The discovery of' the processes and temperatures of the indi-
vidual reactions renders it possible to calculate the temper-
ature of the layer processes and to determine the melting
conditions of su!2h glass types. There are 1 figure, 1 table,
and 6 references, 5 of which are Soviet.
Card 2/2

EWT(
r~xcc* N-93-IP6023922
SOURCE CODME3 0363/66/002/007/1277/1279
AWHOR: Gerdler, T. Sti Mdtrofano PI nik 4.
Ij K. P.; ot ova, I V.;
Fedorovskiy,, Ya. A.
ORG; Scientific Research Institute
institut yadernoy fiziki)l State
nauchno-issledovatellsk!Tinutitut
(Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy
stitute of Glass (Gosudar-
stekla)
stvenW
0 -q~
TITIZ; Study.of the initial stagesof (ftass crystallization by means of the Wssbauer
SOURCE': )IT SSSR. Izv. Noorg materialyp Y. 2,, no. 7., t966,9 1277-1279
TOPIC TAGS: Mossbauer spectrumt glassp catalyzed crystallization, tin compound
ABSTRACT: 1~y combining data on gzxma resonance with x-ray structural analysis, which
provides information on the long-range order, new information can be obtained on the
early stages of crystallization in yroceramics. The object of the s~u
ilicate gas 14 qy were samplqs
of lithium aluminum s '; lose in composition to spodumene.OThe catalyst '
used was Sn (5 wt. 5) because the resonance absorption of -gamna rays by SnI19 nuclAl
coUld be t !~ observed. Comparison of the MZssbauer spectra of the initial glass and
of glass subjected to heat treatment (I hr at 7500C) showed that (1) the spectrum of
the initial glass is displaced by 0.06 mm/sec to the left relative to the heat-treated
glassq whose spectrum coincides seLth that of crystallIne Sn02 (cassiterits)" (2) the
Card 1/2 UDC; 54-161.62

f ACC NRt AP6023922
0
spectral lines in the initial glass are broader and the splitting is greater than in
the heat-treated glass. The shift observed in the spectra is apparently due to the
fact that in the initial glass the ionic character of the Sn-O bond is greater than
in cassiterite. The large splitting of the spectrum indicates large gradients of
electric fields acting on the tin rraclei in the vitreous state of the sample. The
line broadening in the initial glass is due to the lack of rigorous ordering in the
arrangement of the atoms closest to tin. The heat treatment causes ordering around
the tin atoms to take placep i. o., cassiterite nucleation centers are formed, and
this change in the short-range order is recorded in the change of the MOssbauer ef-
fect. This is followed by a growth of cassiterito orystales, which become large enoug]
to servo as centers for the growth of the main crystalline phase (spodumene). Further
treatment causes a complete crystallization of the glass. Orig. art. has: 2 figures.
SUB CODE: II/ SU3,4 DATE:
110ot65/ MIG REF: 006/ MH REFs OOB
2 afs

TYKACHINSKIY1 1.D.; SORKINf Ye.s.
rr.vestigating
system IA 0 -
pyrocer;zs.
changes in the physical properties of glaz-- in t~ -e
A120 - SiO~ in the process of the formation ot
Stakloobr. toot. no.1:123-126 163, (MIRA 17:10)

~_-,'#,ACCESSION NR: AR4015664 S/0081/63/000/021/0340/0340
'IURCE: RZh- KhImlya, Abs. 211484
AUTHOR: Ty-.'rkachinskiy. 1. D.; Naydenov, A. P.
TITLE: 0 the"';A-
$tudies'_~he v fetfication range and the cry'stallizability of glass
from the system Si02-A]203-Bao
CITED SOURCE: Stakio. inform. materialy* Gos. n.-1.1 In-ta stekla, no. 1 (118).
1963, 47-57
TOPIC TAGS: glass softening point, glass crystalll'zatlon, vitrification ranget
heat resistant glass, glass boiling point, silica-alumina-barium oxide system
ABSTRACT; Vitrification ranges were established for the two-component systems
silica-barium oxide and silica-alumina and the three-component system silica-
alumina-barium oxide. The study of-the crystallization characteristics of glass
from these systqnstindicated the existence of a large number of kinds of glass
characterized by very low crystallization leveN; this determines the excellent
technical quall~jep of these ma4arlals. Types of glass which do not cry2itallize
at various temperatures were also found In the silica-alumina-barlum oxide SK stem*
These materials,arg of scientif;c opd industrial Importance as materials wit
C~rd 1/2

ACCESSION NR: AR405664
special properties. Results of studies on the crystallization characteristics of
glass made it poss.,ible to evolve.,isotherms for peak rates of crystallization. Ex-.
perimental determi 'nation of the softening points for two- and three-component
glass from the alumina-silica-barium oxide system has shown their high thermal-
stability. Glass materials with boiling points up to 1600C, a high softening
point (above 950C),.and Insignificant crystallizability are of major practical
value. The presence of Infuslbje compositions In the silica-alumina-barium oxide
system is of major.'interest for,the.development of new heat-resistant glass
.materials and crystalline glass.-.with a softening point above 1500C- Bibl. with
references. 'Authors' summary*
'DATE-ACQ: 090ec63. SU13 CODE: K% ENCU. 00

TYKACHTNSM, 1. D.
b"ic 1,9g4jamb, on technical sitallaw
(State Institute Of Glass)
At-the Divisio'n -of Ph~sical_ Chemist r_j___a_nd_ Technology -of Inorganic 1-Taterials, Acad. Fc~
USSR, a scientific council on the problem of sitalls has bean established. 71na Councl.L
is"~oordinating hody for Vasic scientific research on sitalls, class, ribor
,glass, stono-mare, refractory and suporrafractIcTy matorialsj, and coatings.
1he nurpose of the Council is primarily to contribute to the improvement of
the strength and impact resistance of existint'haterials. In 1963, the council
held two sessions.
(-Qtoklo i keranika, no. 6, 1964, 48-49)

TOROPOV, N. A. and_7MCHINSKIY,-I. D.
"Preparation of new microcrystalline materials with reduced brittlenkss.w
(Institute Of Silicate Chemistry)
At the Division -of Ph:~sical 'Chemistry and Technology .of Inorganic Mat-erials, Acad. Sc--'.
USSR, a scientific council on the problem of sitalls has bee- establi -hod. 'Iho Council
is'o',boordinating hody forhb*io scientific: rocoarch on x4tA1,10, LInfla, fibor
I Vi
glass, stoneware, refractory and suporro"ractcry materials and coal ngs.
The purpose of the Council is primarily to contribute to the improvement or
the strength and impact resistance of existint'ihateriala. In 1963, the council
held two sessions.
(Stoklo i ker-amika, no. 6, 1964., 45-49)

BEREZMiOl, A.I.; BRODSKIY, Yu.A.; DROWITT17N, Z.I.; V'-'IYN:MG, K.L.;
GAIDIIIA, 1-1.1%; GIMXII b.A.; GITZBURGI D.B.; GUTOP, V.G.;
GbREVICH, L.R.; DAUVALITER, A.Y.; YEGOROVA, L.S.; MUM,
A.Ye.; KUZYAK, V.A.; MAKAROV) 14.V.; FOLIXAK ) V.V.- POPOVA)
E.M.; PitYANISHNIKOV,, V.P.; SE11"YM111, G.G.; SILIV~TROVICH,
S.I., kand. tekbn. nauk, dots.; SOLOM, II.V.; TWIN, B.S.;
TY'KACIIIIISMI,.I.D.; SHIGAYEVA, V.F.; SHWI-Ip I.B.; WKIND,
G'i'(deceased]; KITAYGORODSKIY,, I.I.y zaal. deyatell nauki i
tek;~iki RSFSR, doktor tekhr-. nauk, prof., red.; GOMOZOVA,
N.A.y red.izd-va; KOM&tOVSKAYA, L.A., tekhn. red.
(Enrdbook on glass manufacture] Spravochnik po proizvodstvu
stekla. (By] A.I.Berezhnoi i d::-. Pod red. I.I.Kitaiaorodskogo
i S.I.Sillvestrovicha. Moskva) Gosstroiizdat. Vol.2. 1963.
815 P. (MIRA 16:12)
(Glass manufacture)

TYKAdHINSKI D. h3246 i
8/644,/62/000/000/li
4/129
D207/D307
AUT11ORSt- Brekhovskikh, S. M., Vereehohinakiy, 1. V., Grishina, A.
D., Zelenteova, S. As# Re*rina, As A. and Tykachinakiy#
I. D.
TITLEs Electron paramagnetic resonance in irradiated glasees of
vario%u compositions
SOURCHt Trudy II Vaesoyuznogo soveshchaniya po radiate
ionno khi
mil. Ed. by L. S. Polak. Moscow, Izd-vo AN 53681 142, j
660-667
TEXT% The purpose of the work was to prepare a glass for making
toot tubes and Ampoules used in BPR studies of irradiated oubatan-
ces; such glass must not given an apppreciable RPR signal after be-
ing subjected to an ionizing radiation. The basic glass composition..
!.se.3SiO,.o.5kl2o3*0..75CaO.O.2MgO, which wap varied by additiOAS.
of"Na 09 X20, Li 0, BaO, Ce02' or Fe by altering-the proper-
2 .. .2 203
tions of, CaO or KgO, and by replacing 20 wt.% SiO 2 with the'Pans
Card 1/3

5/844/62/,000/000/114/129
Electron paramagnetic resonance D207/11307
amount of B 0 . Gamploo ware prepared from quartz sand and from
materials Of 31
pure' and 'analytically pure' grades, in corundum
crucibles heated to 1450 - 157000. The glasses were irradiated with
21 -2 -1
800 kev electrons at the rate of 10 ev.cm hour at room tem-
perature, or with e0 kov x rays (1017 ev.cm-3.80c-l) at 77 - 3200K.
The spectra were recorded with an apparatus based on RP-~L (EPR-2)
of the Inatitut khimicheakoy fiziki (Institute of Chemical Physics). V"
It was found that in ooze cases there was no correlation between
coloring and generation of paramagnetic centers by electrons hnd
x rays. The addition of Fe 0 or OeO reduced the EPR signal inten-
2 3 2
site of,the irradiated glaeue 8, while the other additives either
raised the original signal intensity (Al 0 or alkali oxides to-
2 3
gether with B 0 ) or produced &a additional peak (B 0 alone or
2 3
2 3
BaO). Annealing of irradiated glasses reauced the concentration of
paramagnotle.oontere produo d by second irradiation. Using this in-
formation a glans of anotat:d composition, named 'All was prepared,
hich gave no noticeable EPR signalafter Irradiation and weal
Card 2/3,
-------------------

3/844/42/000/000/114/129
Electron paramagnetic resonance ... D207/11307
therefore, suitable for making teat tubes used in radiation chemis-:
t . The work on SPR and x ray irradiation vias carried out in the
L
ioratoriya radiat:ionnoy khimil (Radiation-Ohemistry Labomtgry),
directed by Doctor f Chemical Sciences N. A. Bakh, who took a
direct part in the discussion of the results. There are 8 figures
-and 2 tableso
ASSOO IATION s Voesoylpznyy nauchno-ioalea6vateltakiy institut st:klai
(All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Glee
Institut fisicheakoy khimli AN SSSR (Institute of
Physical Ohemistry, AS USSR)j Inatitut elektrokhiaii
AN S85R (Inatitut-3 of Electrochemistry, AS UOSR)'
J
!Card 3/3

BUNMEVA0 L.I.; GORSHKOVA) Z,S.; GUBER, L.U,; WIN, A.G.; KOZHMOV)
VOL,j PISHMIKOV2 D.P. TYKACHINSKIY I.Dep- SHVARTSBEYN, Ye.A.;
TASLITSKAYA., M. -red - - 0 0
6" 30RISOV, B rj, Teklm red.
(Manufacture of glass inmLlators] Proizvodst7o elektroizoliato-
rov iz stekla, Moskva,, Gos. nauchno-isol. in-t stekla, 1960.
73 ps (M1U 15: 1).
1. Nachallnik Iaboratoriy v/v izolyatoro; Voesoyuznogo elektro-
tekbnicheskogo,inatituta im, Lenina'(for Kozhukhov). 2. Nachall-
nik laboratoriy steklovareniya Gosudarstvenn naucbno-issledo-
vatellskogo institute. stekla (for TykachinskUO)o
(Electric insulators and insulation)

'M* - - 67630-- -
15~ '9 SOV/81-59-14-50368
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal., Khimiya, 1959, Nr 14, p 335 (USSR)
AUTHORS: ,'T.P,,'Obid1n&, S.P.
TITLE: The Basic Reactions Which Take Place in the Heating of the Charge
Sio 2 + Al203 + CaC03 + MgC()3
PERIODICAL: Steklo. Byul. gos. n.-i. in-ta stekla, 1958, Nr 3 (100), pp 3 - 10
ABSTRACT: For the theoretical study of the rocesses of melti alkali-free glasses
on the basis of the system SiO2-Al2O -Cav-MgO the ba-sic reactions taking
place in the heating of the charge S~02+ A120 + CaCO3 + MgCO3 have been
studied. This charge is the initial mixture hr obtaining glass containing
61.9% S102; 18.5% A1203; 15.4% CaO and 4.2% MgO. For a mor6 complete
elucidation of the reactions taking place in the heating of a 4-component
charge the processes in 2- and 3-component charges containing the same
components were studied preliminarily. The quantitative ratio of the in-
dividual components in all charges wa3 the same as in the 4-components
charge. The processes taking place in the heating of the charge were
studied by thermal, thermal-weight, microscopic and roentgen-phase analyses.
Card 1/2 It has been established that the decomposition process of the carbonates is

67630
SOV/81 - 5 9 - 14 -50 36CE
'The Basic Reactions Which Take Place in tie Heating of the Charge SiO + Al 0 +
+ MgCO3 2 2 3
considerably accelerated in a 4-component charge. The acceleration of the disf~cciaLlori
is explained by the appearance of the reaction in the solid phase witb the fornation c.1'
silicates or aluminates of Ca and Mg. First magnesium aluminates are formed. At.
a recrystallization of the quartz takea place. At 6000C a noticeable formation of C,11cl'Al
aluminates, starts, mainly in the form 3CaC-A12O and 5CaO-3A12O3, Withm the range
450 - 1,OOOOC (the temperature range of Ca('03 dhsociation) the rate of Ca aluminate
formation is higher than the rate of Ca silicate formation. Magnesium silicates are
detected only at 7500C, An accelerated formation of aluminates and silicates is ob-
served at 1,014 - 1,1500C. At 1,2000C the formation of a compound of the typp CaO,Mg0-.;LO,
is detected roentgenographically. At 1,22'30C the formation of the liquid phase takes place
corresponding to the melting of the eutect: Loslin the system forsterite-anorthite-quartz.
The temperature of !,2680C corresponds to the beginning of the melting of the eutecticS of
Ca and Mg silicates and aluminates. At 1,1,.140C th whole mixture is transformed into a
smelt containing only individual insoluble quartz?"
grain. The appearance of the liquid
phase In the 4-component charge starts at a temperature by 900C lower than in 3-components
mixtures.
Card 2/2 V. Ku3hakovskiy

8o268
0 Z/034/6o/ooo/o6/oo9k33
AUTHORS: dadek, Josef and Tykal, Kamil E073/E335
TITLE: A New Mechanism 0'k~Ys-~;~ decomposition of Alloyed
Austenite
IPERIODICAL: Hutnick~ listy, 196o, Nr 6, pp 450 - 455
ABSTRACT: A new mechanism is described of decomposition in the
eutectoidal range, which is closely related to the non-
steady process of eutectoidal decomposition of austenite.
This mechanism was observed in studying precipitation of
carbides in Cr-W steelis, the results of which will be the
subject of a separate paper. The investigated steels
contained about 12.5% Zr, 0.5-0.69' C, 3 or. respectively,
70
5-5% W; the full composition is given in Table 1,
on P 450. The steel was produced in a 10-1cg medium-
frequency furnace with a magnesite lining and cast into
ingots weighing 7 kg. For the tests, the ingots were
forged into 16 nim dia rods which, prior to manufacture,
were normalised from 900 OC and tempered for 2 hours at
700 OC and then cooled in air. Austenisation was effected
at 1 300 -t+ 10 OC for 30 min. The isothermal treatment
was effecTed in a thermostat and a "sleeve" furnace at
Card 1/5

80268
Z/034/6o/ooo/Woo9/033
~OZA/EJ3111oyed Austenite
A New Mechanism of Isothermal Decom:Posi 1 0
650 4+ 3 OC. Long-run annealing of the products of
isot"Rermal decomposition of austeni-te was effected in a
11sleeve" furnace after ea:-31ing the isothermally trans-
formed specimens into quartz ampoules. After heat
treatment, the surface layer was removed from all the
specimens to a depth of 0.5 - 0.6 mm to eliminate the
Influence of decarburisation. The electrolytic isolation
of the carbides was effected by a method described in
another paper. X-ray phase analysis of the isolated
carbides was effected by -the Straumanis asymptotic method,
using CoK al,2 radiation. The average exposure time was
2.5 hours (40 kV, 18 mA). For isolating the carbides the
isothermally-treated specimens were subjected to metallo-
graphic analysis. After removing a 0.5 mm thick layer
from one of its faces, each specimen was ground on emery
paper and polished and etched electrolytically in a bath
consisting of glacial acet'Ic acid and perchloric acid
(11:1). The electrolytic polishing and etching was effected
Card 2/5 for 2 min at 0.5 A/cm 2 with intensive cooling of the

8o268
Z/034/6o/ooo/Woo9/033
UOK303alloyed Au,tenite
A New Mechanism of Isothermal Decompositio 0
electroly-te by flowing water; most of the specimens had
to be additionally etched with Vilella-Bain etching fluid.
The exposures were made with magnifications of 20OX and
80OX. The results of X-ray study of a carbide phaseoof
the decomposition products for a temperature of 650 C are
entered in Table 2 for isothormal soaking periods of up to
5 000 hours. It was found that the two-phase (eutectoidal)
decomposition of the solid solution is not connected with
concentration changes in the main non-transformed body of
the original phase. A typical example of such a decom-
position is the formation of pearlite in Fe-C alloys. LII~K
Du#,~ to the fact that its progress involves concentration
changes in the main body of the non-transformed austenite,
the non-steady state eutectoidal reaction is not a two-
phase decomposition in the classical sense. Whilst the
two-phase decomposition (pearlitic transformation) was
intensively studied for carbon and low-alloy steels, the
non-steady state reactions have been studied only in
individual cases and their mechanism is almost unknown.
Card 3/5

80268
Z/()34/6o/000/06/009/033
A New Mechanism of Isothermal Decomposif?~'~/�13jlloyed Austenite
) 0
The isothermal decomposition of austen1te in steels
containing 0.5 - 0.61,,o" C, 12.5% Cr and 3-5' 50/1 W begins
at 650 0C and has a non-steady state eutectoidal reaction,
the progress of which involves a, drop in the concentration
of carbon in the non-transformed. austenite. As a result
of that, the eutectoidal transformation will stop after a
certain time and the remaining austenite will decompose,
bringing about formation of ferrite and precipitations of
carbides in this formed ferrite. Thus4 the non-steady state
eutectoidal transformation leads in the given case to
qualitative changes of the mechanism of the decomposition,
for instance, to an arresting of the eutectoidal trans- ~,K
formation and to a-decomposition of the remaining austenite
linked with the formation of ferrite and the precipitation
of carbides in the ferrite, whereby the carbide particles
increase primarily as a result of the diffusion of carbon
from the non-transformed austenlte into the ~ferrite. The
atechanism of the austenite decomposition, which is linked
with ferrite formation and precipitation of carbides in
Card 4/5 the formed ferrite, is described in the paper in considerable