SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ZHEVANDROV, N.D. - ZHEVTUNOV, P.P.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R002064720014-5
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 20, 2001
• Sequence Number: 14
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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ACCEWIOM MRS -AP502DM UR/00&6/65/029/GM/1313/1316
AUTHORx Gribkov.- V, Is j Zbovandrov, If D.
TTrLE& Polarization of the phonfto vc~~ V-salleylle &0d single crTatals
port, 13th Conference on L Linescence helO in kharlimv 25 J'ans to I July 19644
SaJRCEs U SSSR. Isvestiya. Seriya fizicheakaya, v. 29, no. 8, 1965, 131~-1316
TOPIC TAGSs 11-Inescence, phosphorescence, solution property, org=ic cr7stal,
pclarized 1twineseence, exciton
ABSTFdLCri The authors have investigated energy migration in nalicylic aeld cry-
stals by the polaelzed luminescence method previously developed !7y one or them
(H.D.Zhevandrov, Tr. Fiz. in-ta AN SWR, 25, 3. 1964). The shapes or 'icth the
fluorescence and phosphamscence spectra of the cry-stals wer- nf"irly '-!m 'IUre at
liquid nitrogen temperatare- as al. r-nm 1~jl e.- q .' I . ~ , a, .
nigner at tne ower teq:*mture. At. 'In 'N
eacence Intensity at the rxwent excltatlan ww- oiacortin~jw' -mvew '.n-~ ".:i( reg-
(xmce tnt4wislty bry a factor 2.3. The nuor-aseence of vioites rrf~. ~+rtliei
to the 11-0) Planes "a 101, polar~ tBI '.ro ,-A Ar'- iw. lor -~#L r-( ~txw N-~At *.r ce
Card f/3

T, ni 90-M
0
ACCESSMU MRs AP5020790
Wag-
~-S=cyjlc -aald In ~ 130trC9W 601UUMAn ethyl alcoha wu only 10% =d Indmpmd-
ant of cancentration, and the phosphorescence was estsenti&117 anpolar-ised. P,c-x
these data it is cancluled, with the aid or the oriented gawq mextel, that the^e
oscillators that are responsible for molecular rluoresc,-nce anr. Ekr*- VffermAly
oriented In the crystal lattice are Inclined to each otmer at ;r anj,'v o o
f
500, and those responsible for phoBpnomscence, at an angle of t,-, .00o. rn
crystals cut parallel to th-e (01-0) plane the. flijom-sceiinp was F01. rn-Ar-it*,d &twl
the phosphorescence was also strongly polar-Ited, although It wax Lm weak for ac-
curste neasurment. The phosphorescence decreased exponext ia,113, r1th a tjW Conp.
stant of about 0.93 soc; this, withtn a ',Pw errent, was 't.- salif- f--r s,-.,utLona
and cr7stals and was independent. of concentr-ation and t;~-atr ~:,f in
order to investigate energy n1gratlar. trie poliaritatim )" t-.p AumIn,!q,-enc* )f
crystals cut parallet to the (110) plane ww determined tL-- & f'L-rx-~.Ian of the
polarization of the exciting rad:Lationg It wan found tnat 'fhe I)OL8XIEationa of
both the fluorescence and the phosphorescence were indepand-nit of the polaeaar-
tion of the exciting Ught and that the polarization (rd not change dxu-int the
Card 2/3

L 019,59-66
ACCEMICH MR: AP5020790
13
decay of the phosphorescence. It is concluded that uigmtian of anerrT from the
initially excited molecules occurs only via the singlet &M not -ria ~,tt tr1plet
levels. Canes like this one, in whirh there to no migmt1or via tr-4-rlet qtntes,
n
are of great Lnterest for &n underitan-llrp Cr t1j, :0, f C
.)f 'riplet excil-cmg in tv)lecuiar cr-iv*.A-,t rip' 11-. '11f,
A-S.~ 1AT 10N aFixicheekly Lnetitut
1,,tstitute, Ar-acemy of Sciences, 563h)
SUBVITM 1 00 EN(-L R fT- r i)j tr, j
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Cool ?/3
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MethodologioalAnstructions an the-preparation of basic Ingredients
of,culture nedia for in v1tro t1saus culture. lopow1ruse I no*2:
52-53 Mr-Ap 156, (HW 10a)
I* Inetitut po Isucbeniyu-poliouielita AMS 890, Noskva.
(TISSUI QUI&IM
mediva, prs;,~(R"))

1.
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46 .-MM
Isolation and typing of 192 strains of poliomyelitis virus 1V moans
of Ues~e culturas. Top,vins. 1'no,lill-16 Za-7 056. (MLPA 10:1)
1. Institut PO izuebentyu, poll Onlelita Ma 585R, x0ekwas
(POLIOMUTIS VIRUS, aulturso
tissue.calturs. Isolation &,typing of 192 strains (Ras))
POUS CULTURNO
culiivAtici of pollos virus, Isolation & typing of 192
strains (X"))
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A r -Konstantinowa-r-Z
HAWANt Mikhail Wenovichl WWHj I.I., red.
-..[Methods for the laboratorydiagnosis of enterovirus
infections] Metody laboratornoi diagnoetW enteroviruo-
rqkh infektaii. Mookia Maditainap 1964.
151 P,,
(MIRA l8t2)

PIVOV'ARUVo-A.i;--KASATKIN-,-Iii-konstruktori g. YaroBlavll.- UDODENKO, A.,-
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S/144/61/000/007/001/003
Determination of parameters D229/D303
re is based on the si
of the dynamic paramete ;milarity of character-
istice.in the two equivalent'systemse A system of equations is set
'U P for the-.complex system describing its behavior under small.(li-
near) osci'Ilations. This system is solved with respect-to.the P(p)
images of those variables which are involved in thevequivalence of
Poy systems withAumped parameters.;
291PI9

24078
8/144-61/000/007/001/0o
Determinationl:of parameters D229/D3703
.'first approximation, the method of least squares is again use4p;
-whose.solutiori gives the sought-
yielding.a system of equations,
for dynamic parameters. The-above method however (based on simila-
rity of:charaoteristics) doeanot~ensure the necessary degree of
stability To-provide -for thial-the characteristics approximation
is combined with the construction of.the stability regiono Thus
the method provides for therequired quality factors of the tran-'
sient process like the form of the curvet maxima and minima
which constitute the numerator of the ' expression for the imaget
and for the-degree of stability (the denominator of that expressi-
on) The e ~uivalence criteria of an aggregate (to a group of power
..gen;rators3 are; a) The'-powe'r.parameters are equivalent; b) Two
complex systems are equivalent if their parts are equivalent. Exam-
plea are given illustrating the use of the above method in optimi-
_.,zation problems:and in:determining the parameters of power genera-
tors.' There are 7 figuresp 3 tables and 9 references; 7 Soviet-
-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloo..The reference to the English-language
publication reads as follows: Brown, Cloues, Combination of Load-
Card 4/5

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ACC NR: AP6026569 SOURCE CODE: -UR/0240/66/000/003/oa,4/0066
-AUTHOR:.. Anokhin.-V. L. :(Moscow);'~Zhe va, V. F. (Moscow)
ORG: 'none
t
TITIE: Extraction,,of radioisotope framen rom water by the foam-foxmation method
SOURCE: ~Gigiyena i:sanitariya,~no- 3o-1966, 64-66
TOPIC TAGS:-'radioisotope, water purification, water purification equipment, isotope
tion, mechanical separation
separa:
rmod 74th 'e:o6cow tap water
ABSTRACT: 0*0 200 oxporimonts waro porfo
-b6ntdL-2--n01, yttxium-9 i0criuui-144,:. Ezrontium-90, c9sium-IY~, ruthenium-W
lodinc-1311, circonium and niobium-95. Tho authors used a glass c6l= 25-50
.in diamotor wiwh a porous glass plat ta on the bot ,tom to disporse the aAr blown
through.. The upper part of the columnwas bent downward to lot out the foam
'produced, A solution of a precipitant and foaming agont was added towater
containing a radioiso-~ope and air was thon blown through. The resultant, foan
igradually fillod tho top of Aho column,L passod through tho outlot, and was
CalcjUM
..collectod. in a beaker, Vhoro it was tostod. Aluanx= bydroxido6
oxalato, eto. wore used as precipitants. Golatim, poptono. wilfanol B, and
mIxtures of those substances wore the foaming agent Completeness of
riod wit )recipitant, and foazing agont. used, but
ioxtraction Y4 -h the i6otopo, L'
~tho rosults woro'sufficiontly saUsfactory for tho authora to rocommond thoL
method of foam docontamination for uso Inr itsolf or as an a&!itional oporation
in conjunction with.coagulation and sodimontation to accolorato the process.
and achieve a greater degree of.decontamination. [JPRS: 36,4551
SUB CODE: 13"le, 07 SUBM DATE:L 25Jul63- ORIG REF: 00
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13-37-7-9970
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Geologiya, 1957, Ur 7
(USSR)
p 179
AUTHO,R:,' Zhevlakov,.A. V.

TITLE:
Nature orVX-0 ~,i
ater
2 Of Carbonic Acid Ground W
(K voprosu 6 prirode C02 uglekislykh podzemnykh vod),
PERIODICAL: Sov. geologiya, sb. Hr 56s 1956, pp 134-136
ABSTRACT.- considers
A. A. Smirn.ov Zs-ee abstract 1089 (195617:
,
theformation of C02 of carbonic acid,waters to be
the result,of thermal diffusion of atmospheric gases
in the zone of oxidation# He believes the partial,
degasification,of the narzan mineral waters in winter,
in areas devoid of a sedimentary covering layer to
of the proofs of the theory of diffusion, ow-
be one
.
ever the C02 content in springs of the Mariifni;ke-
Lfi
l
t
i
ve
n
health resort (Czechoslovakia) is relat
y
absence of
constant throughout the year, despite the
Card 1/2 l

15-57-7-9970
Nature of the C02 (Cont.)
a thick sedimentary cover. The difference in C02 content in the
waters of the Krestovyy.istochnik (spring) in 1951 and 1952 was 60
mg/liter, with a maximum annual temperature,range of 180 C. (Total
C02 content exceeded,2000 mg/liter.) SmirnovIs assertion that high-
mountain regions,with a heavily dissected relief are more favorable
to formation Of C02 in gound water is also refuted. Carbonic acid
springs in the MariAnsk -IAzn9 area (Prameny, Farska Kiselka, and
others) Are located in only slightly incised ravines in the vicinity
of watersheds.
A. M. Baranovskiy
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16'no.30? 158. Ina i1:6)
(Paris--Agricultural machinery--fthibitions)

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ACC NR lr;-~ V r T
APO;C," 1 '7'7() 2
AUT"MR: Zhevner, V. D.; 5usev, M. V.; Shestakov, J. Y.
ORG- Biology-Soil Faculty, Moscow State University im. M. V. Lomonoa,77 -(Biologo-
pochvenryy fakulltat !.*ioskovsVo-i-o---d6-s-ucTa-rfif-v-4n-n~~
TITIE: Changes in the composition and pirpont content of blue-gxeon i4pe In rolatioO
to the spectral composition of light and the intensity of illwrdnation
SOURCS: AN SSSR. Hlkrobiologiya, v. 34, no. 2, 1965, 209-215
-rOPIC TAGSt algAo, p1mt mataboUam, chlorophyll. plant growtJi
ABSTRACT: In experiments on the blue-green algae Nodularia ap.. Ansbaens
variabilis, and Hapolosiphon fantinalis, a reduction of the intMolty of illum-
ination from 2,350 to 750 lux resulted in a higher rate of synt-Wla of Idg-
mants of all three types contained in tho algaes there were Incra&fses In the
chlorophylla, carotencid, and bUichromprotein content. Illuminatian with
light of specific spectral composition rather than white light revW'ted in
'Chromatic adaptation" which affected mainly the content of billchr-onoprutrins
and of chlorophyll Q, and varied depending an the kind of light U&"i and tiss
species of algae. The content of bilichromoproteins and of chlorojiftyll a &M
the ratio between them in all three op&oieo were altered little on illumina,.ion
with yellow light, whereas the ratio between thaso two types of pigm(mt alwM40d
Card 1/2
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We gilt
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ACC NRi AF60177C2
subetant:Ualy upon Mundnation with red or violet light.* A constant pignent
content, which did not change during further cultivation under abanged e*ndit-
ions, was reached toward the and of the logarithmdo phase of the f F!t Arowth
cycle of the alp@. Orig. art. has: 3 figures and 3 table-s. ~Iirl~j
SUB CODE: 06 / SUEM DATE t 22Ju.164 MIG REFt 003 MI REF: 010
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137.
'Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurglya, 1958, Nr 6,p105 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Zhevnovatyy, A.I.
TITLE-
M~et~hods ofRationali zing the Equipment and Process Procedures,
for Carburization of Alurninate Solutions (Puti ratsionalizataft
apparatury itekhnologii,proteessa karbonizataii alyuminatnykh
rastvorov)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Voes. alyurnin. -magn. in-ta, 1957, Nr 39. pp 194-202
ABSTRACT: A description is presented of tests of pilot plant for contin-
uous carburization of aluminate- solut
4ons. There are two
a sieve col
a bubbling column.
pieces of equipment: an
The former (150-mm diam), hav 9set Fe screens with 5-mm
holes 8 rnm-apart,. was used for carburizatiOn prior to onset of
precipitation of crystals of the hydroxide, The nolution then
proceeded to the bubbling column. A layer of foam was set up
over the screens (sill height 50 mm); the foam served primarily
to absorb the carbon dioxide. In the bubbling column (diam 1000
mm), the gas was bubbled through a 250-mm layer, and the sue -
pension was agitated intensively, thus keeping the crystals in a
'on. The experiments demonstrated the
Card 1/2 state of auspenel

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137-58-6-11M
translationfr'om:~ Ref.er;itivnyy,zhurnal,~~Mciallurgiya, 1958, Nr 6,p106.(USSR),
AUTHORS: Katsenelenbogen, P.D,,: Zhevnovatyy,
TITLE: A Test of Hydrocyclones to Determine Their Applicability to
the Thickeriing,of Pulp in the Wet Grinding of Nepheline Sinter
eneniya dlya sgu-
.(Ispytaniye'gidro.taiklonov s tsel'yu prim
shcheniya pullpy mokrogo pomola nefelinovogo speka)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Vses. n.-i. alyumin.-rnagn. in-ta, 1957, Nr 40,. pp
1138-143
~ABSTRACT: The results -of tests conducted in 1949 at the Volkhov alum -
.1num plant of a hydrocyclone (H) of Z50-mm diameter and 38o
cone taperintended to determine-the possibility of its employ-
ment in thickening pulp in the wet grinding of nepheline sinter,
are adduced. The experiments conducted show that an H may
be used to thicken this pulp and extract a considerable amount
~of solidg therefrom. However, the inadequate level of extrac-
tion of solids from the pulp with the screen system used and
the impe rf ect 14 design (excessive cone taper) did not make
Possible its use as an.equipment for the complete separation of
Card I/Z the solid from the liquid phase. A battery of Ft with low cone

137-58-6-11511
Translation from., Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 6, p 37 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Zhevnovat
TITLE: Theoretical Foundatio~.of the Process of Carbonization of
uminate Solu
l tions (.teoreticheskiye osnovy protsessa karbon-
A
lzataii alyu.-ninatnykh rastvorov)
'PERIODICAL: Tr. Vses..n.-i. alyumin.-magn. in-ta, 1957, Nr 40, pp
82-125
ABSTRACT: Three basic-~problems in the theory of the process of car-
bonization of aluminate solutions (AS) are studied: the funda-
mental chemical processes occurring in carbonization, the
absorption of COZ by AS, and the formation of Al hydroxide
crystals., A generalization of the literature data of various
authors Is advanced,~ along with experimental data obtained in
a pilot plant with continuous ca-rbonization in a column-type
installhtioir, in industrial carbonizers, and in laboratory
equipment. N.P.
1. Aluminate solutions--Carbonization 2. Aluminate solutions-Chemical re-
actions Aluminate.solutions--Abi3orp*tive prol)erties 4. Aluminum hydroxide
Card 1/1 cryntald--Growth

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Vpuov" Ir.N#; PFVZNERP- LZ,; Primutali
KRUK,--O.P.pKRUTITSKIY, V.M.; KOLITSOV, 1,M.; T=TrOV, FA.
Effect of elastic ultrasonic waves on reducing the opeed of
scale formation. TSvot, met. 35 no.3t48-53 Mr t62.

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Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal. M.etallurgiya, 1957, Nr 6, p, 2 16 (USSR)
"AUTHOR: ~Vam,-P-P-
..TITLE: The Influence of,Ma~hining Upon the Hot Strength of Iron and Cast
Carbon Steel Under Extreme Unilateral Heating (Thermal Shock)
[Vliyaniye mekhanicheskoy obrabot .ki na termicheskuyu stoykost'
chuguna i litoy uglerodistoy stali pri rezkom o4nostoronnern nagreve
(termicheski udar)]
y
PERIODICAL: . V sb,: Tekhnologiya liteyn. proiz-va (MVTU, 45), MOSCOW,
Mashgiz, 1955, pp 66-84
ABSTRACT:, The heat source used to create thermal shock is molten iron (I),
the temperature of which ranges between 1300 and 13500C, Observa-.
are conducted of the condition of the working surface of the
specimen. The specimens are subjected to various. types of machin-
ing (M), subsequent to which profilograms are taken. The investiga-
tions conducted make it possible to draw the following conclusions:
1) M affecta the hot strength (HS) of I and steel; Z) the influence of
HS on specimens of I is evidenced to a lesser degree than on steel;
Card 1/2 3) failure of the specimens starts in the -direction of scratches
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PHASE IBOOK EXPLOITATION 1155
Dubinin., Nikolay',Petrovich; aladiling Anatoliy Nikolayevich;
Zhevtunov Petr Prokbgraxiqh; Krasavin, Vasilly Stepanoyich;
'#q-r1,-Vov, ~Sergey Tikhonovich; Panchenko., Konstantin PetrOvich;
.:Popov, Viktor Aleksandrovich; Popov, Yevgwiy AleksAndrqvich;
Rastorguyev, Ivan Sergeyevich'(Deceased); Storozhev,, Mikhail'
VAsiVkevich'.,
Tekhnologiya metallov (Teohnology or Metaloi) 3d ed., Moacow,*,M&shgiz,,
1958- 564 p. 25..001,00pies printed.
Ed.: Dubinin, N.P., Candidate.of Technical-Scienceal Ed.,of
Publishing House: Shemsh.urina, Ye.A.; Tech. Edo: Uvarova A*F*
naging Ed, for Literature on Metal *ing
and Model,,, B.I.; Ma -Wo
'and Tool Making (Mashgiz): Beyzellman, R.D., Enginee ,r&
PURPOSE: This isa textbook for students taking courseoln r4achine
design and manufacture at vtuzes.
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Technology of Metals 1155
COVERAGE: The book contains data on the structure and properties
of metals and alloys., on nonmetallic materials, on zethdds:of,
forming metals and alloys (casting, forging, stamping),~On
methods of machining metals and working n6nmetallic matp.r1alsp
and onall types ofmetal-processing equipment. Auth,orship of
the book is as follows: Part 1. M.P. Dubinin; Part II,,.P.P.
Zhevtunov; Fart III, K:t. Dubinin; Part IV, M-V. Storozhev and
Ye.A. Popov;.Part V, S . Nazarov; Part VI, X.P. Panefienko,
V.S. Krasavin, And A.N. Gladilin; Part VII, I.S. Hasto4kuyev
(deceased) and V.A. PopoV. All authors are Candidated'16t
Techn1cal Sciences., with the possible exception of Ye-A. Popov.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Preface to the Third Edition .3
Introduction 5
PART 1. _METALS AND THEM PROPERT33S 7
Ch. I. Basio Properties of.Metair. and Alloys Used in Ma-
~,chine.Building
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Technology of Metals 1155
1. Properties.of metals and alloys 8
2. Crystallization of metals and alloys -
9
Ch. 110 Constitution Diagrams
12
3. Construction of constitution diagrams 12
4. Structural components of iron-carbon alloys 13
Constitution diagram of the iron-carbon system
'' 15
Practical a s
pplication of constitution diagr
of iron-car bon alloys IT
PART II. METALLURGY~OF FEMOUS AND NONFERROUS METALS 20
Ch. III. Metallurgy of Pig,Xron .20
Raw materials for pig-iron production ~20
' Refractory materialsO their properties and uVes 24
9. Working principle of the blast furnace; auxiliary -
structures .26
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Technology of Metals 1155
10. Physical and-chemical processes taking place
in the blast furnace 29
11. Consumption of materials and hedt per kilogram
of pU iron.produced 34
1.2. Technical-and economic data on pig-iron ma yd.ng 35
13. Products of the blast-furnace p-xiocess and their
utilization 36
14. Methods of direct reduction of iron from ores 38
15. Layout ofthe blast~-turnace department
Ch.' IV. Yatallurgy. of. Steel 40
16.1 Modem methods of steelmaking 41
17- Production of steel by means'of an air blaist tumugi
liquid pig or by an, oxygen blast in the c.onvprter
18. Open-hearth production.of steel 47
19. Controlling themelt. Quality of steel produced 55
20. Technical and economic data on open-hearth fi4mace
operation 56
21. Production of steel in electric furnaces 56
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22. Combination of steelmaking methods involving~ the

. urnaces'
.Use of electric f 64
23- Pouring steel-ingois 19
24. Structure of the steel Ingot,, Flaws 68
ch. V. of~Copper 69

25.
Copper ores and their concentration ~169
26. Welting of copper and zinc sulfides (copper
matte) 7 1
27. Produdtion of bliatereopper 7 3

-
.
0
Fire refining of copper

5
-29* Electrolytic refining,of copper 75
30. 14y4rometallurgical method of obtaining copp.1;' 76
Ch& 'VIO. Metallurgy of Aluminum 77
.314 Characteristics of aluminum ores and their
deposits
77
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Metal,s 1155
32- Methods of obtaining pure alumina .78
.
*
3 Electrolysis of alumina and equipment emplqjqd 78

3 .
~
Refining of aluminum.and the All-Union State"' 1,
Standards for aluminum 80
35. Eleotrothermal method of obtaining aluminum and
its alloys 81
Ch. VII. Metallurgy of "esium
36. Characteristics of raw materials for magnasi4m
production 82
37,- Freparatiowof raw materials for electrolysis 82
34- Principle of electrolytic production of
magnesium 83
39. .Electrolytic production of magnesium from
-chloride
83
40. Refining of magnesium 84,
*-
41 Basic principles of the production of magnq4$.=
1 by,thermal methods 84
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PARTIIII., PRODUCTION OF,CASTINGS 86
Ch. VIII. Basic Facts* 86
Cho IX, Preparation of'Patterna, Molds, and Cores 87
42. General'information* 87
.41. Materials used for making patterns and core
boxes 89
44. Principles of designing patterns arid core
boxes. go
45. Methods of making wooden patterns 90
46. Preparation of4i~etal patterns 93
47., Designing of castings so as to permit proper
preparation of patterns 94
48, Kold
and core materials. Mixtures and their
-
preparation 96
49# Preparation of mold and oore materials 99
50. zquipment for preparing mold and core materials 100
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51i Methods for preparing.molds '102.
52. Molding.machines 109:
53. Gating system 113
~
.54. Designing of castings so as to permit proper
1 preparation of molds 115
Preparation of cores 119-
56. :Drying of mold.s.and cores 11
.57. Assembly.of molds 121
~58- Designing,of interior cavities and opening's
cqsting 121
59. Demands made on alloys used as casting
materials. Process of forming the casting.
in the mold 123
60. Designing of.castings from the point of i~qw
of casting properties of the alloy 126
Ch* X* Pi~oduction of Gray7-Iron Castin.$s '130
61. :.Microstructure of the casting 131
62. Effeet'.of chemical oompositipn and coolino
rate on the microstructure of cast iron 132
~63- Hfgh-strength gray iron
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64. Foray Iron with special properties 135
6 Charge materials for iron castings 135
6 :
g Melting furnaces and production of Iron
for,castings 135
:
Spe Ojaj~Lfeatures of preparing molds for
.
iron castings 139
.:68. lilling the molds
139
Ch. XI. Production of Malleable-Iron Castings 141
69* Mechanical properties and structure of
malleable iron 14-1
7P. Casting properties,of white:fron 142
71o ~Furnaces for melting white'iron 142
72. 'Special features of preparing molds i42
73- :Heat treatment of white-iron castings 143
74. Furnaces for annealing castings 1.44
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Ch. XII. Production.of Steel:Castings 145

9 Mechanical properties and fields of app4eation 145
-
7 Microstructure of steels 146
7;- :S ecial grades'of steel
f n
l
N .146
4
*
7 3 e urnaces
e lmak
ng. 1
;
Making steelln a small.acid converter :
14
0. Special features of preparing molds 148
81., Teeming of steel:
* 150
82. Heat treatment
of.steel.castings 150:
Ch, XIII, PrIoduction of Nonferrous Alloy Castings 151
83. Copper alloys 151
846 Charge materials 153
85. Melting,furnaces. Melting of copper alloys ~153
Mold'and.core materials 154
87
: Special features of molding
154
88: Alumihui alloys 155
89. Charge materials 156
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90. Furnaces for melting aluminum alloys .156
91. Melting of aluminum alloys ~157
.92. specialfeaturds of making and filling moI4
for aluminum-alloy castings
93. Magnesium alloys for casting and their
properties 158
.94. Charge materials .159
95, Furnaces for melting magnesium alloys
96. Special features of making and filling polds
for magnesium-alloy castings
97. Heat treatment ofaluminum and magnesium
castings 160
980 Tin- and le'ad-base antifriction alloys ~161
Ch. xjV. Shaking-out, Trimming., and Cleaning of Castings 162
Ch. XV* Spec ial Methods of Casting
99. -Casting in permanent molds 165
~100. Die casting 168
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Special considerations
in designing parts tQ
.
be cast in permanent molds with metal cm'ea 170
102. Centrifugal casting
171,
103. Precision casting by the lost-wax method 174
XVI.-
Ch.
Quality Control in the Production of Castings 17
;
,
,,_,
1040 Casting rejects and their,catises 17
1056 Correction of casting defects 181

106.
Prospective development of the casting ~
industry 1811
PART IV. FICIRMIXG OF METALS
Ch..XVII& Basic Facts of Metal Forming 184
107. Essentials of metal.forming :11~
108. Effect of forming and methods of execution
on the Initial'properties of the metal 185
~Ch.XVIII- Heating in Connection with Metal Forming 189
109* Heating conditions 189
Heating devices 192
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ChOlUx 0111".
111. 'Basic principles
Types of. rolled stock.
1130 , Rolling equipment
Ch., X
X. Drawing
I Basic principles
115- Drawing equipment
Ch. XXI. Extrusion
Basic principles
ChOXXII. ~Plat Die Forging
.11Y. Basic concepts of preso-
forging
116. .
Basic.principle's of flat-dAe forging

119. -die forking
Equipment for flat
. 120. -.Technology-of flat-die forging
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196
196
197
199
207
:207
206
210
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Technology of Metals 1155
XX:Ell. broo
Ch. Forging 229-
.
12l. Basic principles 229
.
122. Drop. hammers. 230
12-3. Forging dies 232~
:,a24. weight of metal to be forged
Initial
239
.
12 ,
'Hot forging on crank presses. 240
~
12 - Forging on horizontal forging machines 24
9
1 Other types of hot press forging .24
1
12 Finishing operations after forging 252
129* Special features,of forging aluminum, magnesium.,
and'copper-alloys
d 255
256
130. Cold hea
ing.
Ch.XXIV. Stamping of Sheet Metal
256
131. Basic princi ples
Stamping tec hnique 257
~~13 -
R Die designs
~966
. MechWzation of,sheet-stamping opepations
1350 Sheet.;stamping equipment 268
136. Stamped-and-welded constructions 269
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PART V. WELDING AND CUTTING OF METALS 270
ChoXXV,, General Information 270.
Mt*XXV Electric Are Welding 2T2
137.' Welding machines and apparatus for are welding 274
135. Electrodes 2;8
139. -Welded joints ~
1

140.*
Technique of manual welding 83
2
141.. Welding with a carbon arc. 2851
Ch.XXV I..Automati*,Are Welding 288
1426 Automatie.dev 'Wes for are welding 288
semiautomatic hose wolding machine 291
Types of automatic welding, 292~
Fluxes and electrode wire -294
'146. Submerged-arc welding .295
147. ~ Bleotro-slag
welding
296.1
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148. Diert-gas shielded welding,
:297
149. Technological features peculiar to the are
welding of steels 298
150, Methods of welding structural steels 300
151'- Welding of austenitic steels
302,
1520.' Typical aro-welded structures 302'
Ch.XXV II..Resistance Welding 303
Physidal-basis of theprocess 303
Butt welding~
155- Spot welding 307
156-e Seam welding 310
-Ch~XXIX. Gas Welding and Cutting .311
157a Gases 311
158. The o4acetyleneflarae .312
.:Equipment for gas welding 312
160. Welding techniques 31
5
161'. Gas
welding.of steel 1
73
162. ,
.-Pressure gas welding 320
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163* Oxygen,cutting :321
164. Equipment for oxy gen cutting
165. Cutting steel of, great thickness ~324
166. Flame gouging 325
Ch. Xxx.iWeldifig 'of Cast Iron and Nonferrous Metals and Their.
'Alloys 325
1
27. Welding of . cast , iron 325
,
1' B. Welding of
nonferrous metals ~
327.
,
.
169. Hard facing by welding 329
Ch*'XXXI* Deformations In.Welding and Means of Combating Them
331
Ch.XXXII.. K~thods of inspecting Welded Joints 333
PART VI, CUTTING OF.MRTALS*- MACHINE TOOLS 338
Ch.XXXIII.. Types of Blanksand,Preliminary Working
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-170* Types of blanks 338
171, Concept of rational design and engineering of
machinery ~ 338
Allowances for mAphining 339
173 -, Marking-out the blanks 339-.
.174. Preliminary processing,of blanks from rolled
stock
342
17 bench work
Mechanized 345

17 .
Brief enumeration of cutting methods 347
177* Fundamentals'of auxiliary eq uipment, accessories,
andfi%Wres-~, Positioning and fastening of work
in ma,~4,~e t6ols 350

CheXXXIV, aeneral Information on Chip J~emoval Processes .352
178. Types of cutting processes. Workpiece surfaces '252
179. The .cutting tool and its'parts 353
180. Materials used for making cutting tools and
other tools 35~
181. Solid andtipped cutting tools 35
182. The cutting process and chip formation 357
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183. J
.0titiii* C6#ce
363
184. Tool.wear .363
.185. Tool life'. Cutting speed. Power consumed
in cutting 364
186. Basic cutting time ~
366
187. High-productivity metal cutting
367
ChOXW.,Drive s and Basio Meohanisms for Metal-cutting Flachine

Tools 368
1889-*. ~ Types of.drives.' Kinematic systems 368,
189. Transmissions 369

190.
Range of speeds and feeds -
371:
191. Elementary mechanisms of gear boxes 372
192. Stiplbss speed-change drives ~3T3
19~- -Reyeraing mechanisms. Mechanisms for
reciprocating and periodic motion 375

Ch.xxxvI.,machining of Parts onfLathes 381
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