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Irl
29 January 1968
OGC 68-0148
MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Support
SUBJECT: Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966,
31 U.S.C. 9521
1. The Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966 empowers
agency heads or their designees to settle claims by the government
up to $20, 000 in accordance with regulations promulgated by the
agency, such regulations to be in conformance with those issued
jointly by the Attorney General and the Comptroller General. As
you know, the authorities contained in this Act have not been imple-
mented by this Agency, and it would seem in our interest to implement
them. We will be happy to assist you.
2. Attached for your information is a copy of the Act as it
appears in the United States Code and a copy of the joint regulations 25X1
issued by the Comptroller General and the Attorney General_
HOUSTON
General Counsel
Attachments
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MONEY AND FINANCE ' ? 31 ? 952
U)y' foreign currencies held by the United States which have been or
:;;5y be reserved or set aside for specified programs or activities of any
.zoncy of the Government may he used by Federal agencies for any au-
purpose, except (1) that reimbursement shall be-lnade to the
Treasury from applicable appropriations of the agency concerned, and (2)
;luit any foreign currencies so used shall be replaced when needed for the
purpose for which originally reserved or set aside, Pub.L. 89-677, Oct.
5 f);a;. Yteserved foreign currencies; use by Federal agencies-' rein.
lu, 1066, 80 kitat, 065,
(?n,lifkation. Section was enacted by
t1)-677 and not by Pub-L. 60-175
wi ieh comprises this chapter.
CHAPTER 18.-COMPROMISE AND COLLECTION OF
P.ub.L. 89-508, ? 2, July 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 308.
Library references: United States C-T5% ; C.J.S. United States ii 332, 1351.
service, Government corporation, instrumentality, or other 'establish-
ment of body in either the executive or legislative branch, of the Fed-
eral Government;
(b) ""head of an agency" includes, where applicable, commission,,
Sec.
(c) Conch:slve effect of conipro-
raise; fraud, misrcpresenta-
Lion; false claims, mutual
mistake of fact.
053. Existing agency authority to litl-
gntc. settle, compromise, or close
(a) "agency"? means any department, office, commission, board,
Definll ions.
Collection and compromise.
(a) Agency collection;. rules and
regulations.
(b) Compromise of_ claims; terml-
? 0111.. Pcflnilions .
In. this chapter-
Lffcctfi?o Date. Section 5 of Pub;L.
i;0-609 provided Mint: "This Act [enact-
ing this chapter) shall become effective
an the one hundred and eightieth day
following the (Into of its enactment [July
10, 10661."
any ni,gnlzicant sum thereon or that the cost of collecting the claim is
mulgated jointly by the Attorney General and the Comptroller General,
may. (1) compromise any such claim, or (2). cause collection action on any
such claim to be terminated or suspended where it nnnears that an nprcnn
n ac on and that (lo not exceed $20,000, exclusive of
interest, the' head of an agency or his designee, pursuant to regulations
prescribed by him and in conformity with such standards as may be pro-
been referred to another agency, including the General Accounting Office,
for further collectio ti
arising out or the activities of, or referred to, his agency.
Compromise of claims terminntion of collection actions
rules and reguintionss 520,000 limitation
d
l atluIIS
(a) The head of an agency or his designee, pursuant to regulations pre-
scribed by him and in conformity with such standards as may be promul-
gated jointly by the Attorney General and the Comptroller General, shall
attempt collection of all claims of the United States for money or property
Short Title. Section 1 of rub.L. &0-
509.Provided : "That this Act [enacting
this chapter] may be cited ns the 'Fed-
erni Cinlms Collection Act of 1066'."
Legislative history: For legislative
history and purpose of Pob.f,. S0- O8, see
1006 U.S.Codo' Cong. and Adnl News, p.
? 0112. Coli.ction and compromise-Agency collection; miles and reg-
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MONEY AND 031- ? 952, FINANCE
nicely to exceed the amount of recovery. The Comptroller General or his
designee shat, hwn ti,
e?~? ,6vtluy cor ruruier collection
action. The ]lead of an agency or Ills designee shall npt exercise the fore-
going authority with rnsnnnr t? ., ,a,.,...:- . _ _ .. . ..
the 111-1. rile uomptroller General of
United States, have authority to rn,,,n~n>, ;b
~.... 1.1 ,iq, Iiig an interest in the claim, or a claim,
based in whole or in part on cnndrirt ;,, ,?(n,n,.i a ..-_
Colle.tislyetles4 effect of eoinpl?oni]aet friuul, misrepreselltntlon,
false, C]iliili9 1, {
, MI till. m,stakc o#. filet
(c) A compromise effected pursuant to authority conferred by subset-
tion (b) of this nnrtino t,,..,, ,... ~._._. _
b ..???. GVUl ~s oc ute Wilted States, except If procured
by fraud, Misrellresentatloi tt,n
? 9.;3. Existing agency itu;to litigate, settle, connprolnisr. or
],!close clnlms
thority to settle, compromse, orb close claims~r p mtLislhiSexisting July
19, 19GG1.30 Stat. 309.
INDEX
.CONSULT GENERAL INDEX POCKET'PART
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pules and Regulations
? 101.5 Conversion claims.
The instructions contained in this
chapter are directed primarily to the re-
covery of money on, behalf of the Gov-
ernment and the circumstances in which
Government claims may be disposed of
for less than the full amount claimed.
Nothing contained In this chapter is in-
tended, however, to deter an agency from
demanding the return of specific prop-
erty or from demanding, In the alter-
native, either the return of property or
the payment of its value.
? 101.6 Subdivision of claims not au-
thorizcd.
A debtor's liability arising from a par-
ticular transaction or contract shall be
considered as a single claim In dctermin-
Ing whether the claim is one of less than
$20,000, exclusive of Interest, for the pur-
pose of compromise or termination of col-
lection action. Sucha claim may not be
subdivided to avoid the monetary ceiling
established by the Federal Claims Col-
lection Act of 1966, 80 Stat. 308. .
? 101.7 Required administrative pro.
Aurxonrrr; The provisions of this Part 102 l~l
issued under sec. 3, Federal Claims Collection
Act of 1066, 80 Stat. 309. !. C
? 102.1 Aggressive agency collection
action.
The head of an agency or his designee
shall take aggressive action, on a timely
basis with effective followup, to collect all
claims of the United States, for money or
property arising out of the activities of,
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Tiliv 4-11LPfiIt T by the General Accounting Office as a
part of Its audit of the agency's activities.
Chriptor II-Federal Claims Collec- ??101.2 Ou,i.~irlns not n drfcnsr.
tion Standards (General Account- The,.standards set forth in this chapter
ing Office-Department of Justice) shall apply to the administrative han-
dling of civil claims of the Federal Gov-
JOINT REGULATIONS PRESCRIBING ernment for money or property but the
STANDARDS FOR ADMINISTRA- failure of an agency to comply with any
TIVE COLLECTION, COMPROMISE, provision of this chapter shall not be
TERMINATION OF AGENCY Cnl- ' available as a defense to any debtor.
LECTION ACTION, AND REFERRAL ? 101.3 Fraud, an0tritst, nod tax claims
TO GENERAL ACCOUNTING OF-
FICE, AND TO DEPARTMENT OF
JUSTICE FOR LITIGATION, OF CIVIL
CLAIMS. BY GOVERNMENT FOR
MONEY OR PROPERTY
Pursuant to section 3 of the Federal
C1nllns Collection Act of 1066, 80 Stitt,
300, Title 4 of the Code of Federal Regu-
lations Is amended to promulgate joint
regulations prescribing standards for the
administrative collection, compromise,
termination of agency collection action,
and the referral to the General Account-
ing Office, and to the Department of
Justice for litigation, of civil claims by
the Government for money or property,
by adding a new Chapter II as follows:
Part
101 Scope of standards.
102 Standards for the administrative col-
The stnnd:trds set forth in this chapter
do not apply to the handling of any
claim as to which there Is an indication
of fraud, the presentation of a false
claim, or misrepresentation on the part
of the debtor or any other party having
an interest in the claim, or to any claim'
based In whole or in part on conduct In
violation of the antitrust laws. Only the
Department of Justice has authority to
compromise or terminate collection ac-
tion on such claims. However, matters
submitted to the Department of Justice
for consideration without compliance
with the regulations in this chapter be-
cause there is an Indication of fraud, the Nothing contained in this chapter is
presentation of a false claim, or misrep- intended to require an agency to omit or
resentation on the part of the debtor or foreclose administrative proceedings re-
any other party having an interest in the ,..,c-,t >,.. ..-
11)1.11 Referral for litigation.
As used in this chapter referral for
litigation means referral to the Depart-
ment of Justice for appropriate legal pro-
ceedings, , unless the agency concerned
has statutory authority for handling its
own litigation. .
av. o,.anuarus iur suspenuing or LerminaL-
Ing collection action.
105 Referrals to GAO or for litigation.
PART 101-SCOPE OF STANDARDS
see.
101.1 Prescription of standards.
101.2 Omissions not a defense.
101.3 Fraud, natitrust, and tax claims
101.4 Compromise, waiver, or disposition
under other statutes not precluded.
101.5 Conversion claims.
101.0 Subdivision of claims not authorized.
101.7 Rcqulr d administrative proceedings.
101.8 Referral for litigation.
Anrrttonrrv: The provisions of this Part
101 Issued under sec. 3, Federal Claims Col-
lection Act of 1066, 80 Stat. 300.
? 101.1 I'rescripiion of standards.
The regulations in this chapter, issued
jointly by the Comptroller General of the
United States and the Attorney General
of the United States under section 3 of'
the Federal Claims Collection Act of
PART .102-STANDARDS FOR THE
ADMINISTRATIVE COLLECTION OF
CLAIMS
Sec.
102.1 Aggressive agency collection action.,
102.2 Demand for payment.
102.3 Collection by offset.
102.4 Personal interview with debtor.
102.5. Contact with debtor's employing
agency.
102.6 Suspension or revocation of license
chapter if It is determined that action
based upon the alleged fraud, false claim,
or misrepresentation is not warranted.
Tax claims, as to which differing exemp-
tions, administrative consideration, en-
forcement considerations, and statutes
apply, are also excluded from the cover-
age of this chapter.
or eligibility.
102.7 Liquidation of collateral.
102.8 Collection in installments.
102.9 Exploration of compromise.
? 101.4 Compromise, waiver, or dispo-
sition under other statutes not pre-
cluded. 1
Nothing contained in this chapter is
intended to preclude agency disposition
of any claim under statutes other than
the Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966,
80 Stat. 308, providing for the compro-
mise, termination of collection action, or
waiver in whole or In part of such a
claim. See, e.g., "The Federal Medical
Care Recovery Act," 76 Stat. 593, 42
U.S.C. 2651, et seq., and applicable regu-
lations, 28 CFR 43.1, et seq. The stand-
ards set forth in this chapter should be
1066, 80 Stat. 309, prescribe standards for ' followed in the disposition of civil claims
the administrative collection, compro- by the Federal Government by compro-
mise, termination of agency collection mise or termination of collection action
action, and the referral to the General (other than by waiver pursuant to statu-
Accounting, Office, and to the Depart- tory authority) under statutes other than
Anent of Justice for litigation, of civil the Federal Claims Collection Act of
claims by the Federal Government for 1966, 80 Stat. 308, to the extent such
money or property. Regulations pro-
scribed by the head of an agency pug- other statutes or authorized regulations
slant to section 3 of the Federal Claims Issued pursuant thereto do not establish
Collection Act of 1966 will be reviewed standards governing ouch matters.
102.10 Interest. .
102.11 Documentation of administrative
collection action.
102.12 Additional administrative collection
action.
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tcIt h the sill tn(ill : c.:rLlI In this Chap- ally inexcnsahir, prolnnr.vd or repeated
tor. However, r contained in tills failure of ?a (1e)tor to pay such a claim
chapter is 1nt.rn? a require the Gen- and the debtor will be so advised. A'ny
cral Accounting or the Department agency making, guaranteeing, Insuring,
of Justice to ilul>ilcc;.e collection actions acquiring, or participating in loans will
previously, undertaken by any other, give serious consideration to suspending
1112.'-; Remand for payment.:.
Appropriate written demands shall be
made upon a debtor of the United States
in terms which Inform the debtor of the
conscgtic.nces of his failure to cooperate.
Three written deulands, at 30-clay inter-
vnlx, wIII normally be made unless a re-
spouse to the first or second demand in-
dicates that further demand would be
futile or_ unless prompt suit or Attach- cate of authority to do business with the
meat is required In anticipation of the, Federal Government has been revoked
the jurisdiction or his or their removal
or transfer of assets, or the running of
the sintute of limitations. There should
be no undue time lag in responding to
any communication received from the
debtor at, debtors.
? 10'2.3 Collection by offset.
broker, borrower or other debtor from
doing further business with it or engng-
ing in li'rograms sponsored by It if such
a debtor fails to pay its debts to the Gov-
ernment within a reasonable time and
the debtor will be so advised. The failure
of any surety to honor its obligations in
accordance with 0 U.S.C. 11 is to be re-
Portod_to the Treasury Department at
will be forwarded by that Department to
all interested agencies,
? 102.7 Liquidation of collateral.
Agencies holding security or collateral
which may be liquidated and the pro-
ceeds applied on debts due it through the
exercise of a power of sale in the secu-
Collections by offset will be under- rity instrument or a non-judicial fore-
taken administratively on claims which ' closure should do so by such procedures
are liquidated or certain in amount in if the debtor fails to pay his debt within a
every instance in which this is feasible. reasonable time after demand, unless the
Collections by offset from persons receiv- cost of disposing of.the collateral will be
Ing pay or compensation from the Fed- disproportionate to its value or special
oral Government shall be effected over a circumstances require judicial fore-
period not greater than the period during closure. Collection from other sources,
which such pay or compensation is to-be including liquidation of security or col-
received. See 5 U.S.C. 5514. Collection lateral, is not a prerequisite to requiring
by offset against a judgment obtained by payment by a surety or insurance, con-
the debtor against the United. States cern unless such action Is expressly re-.
shall be accomplished in accordance with quired by statute or contract.
the Act of March 3, 1875, 18 Stat. 481, as
amended, 31 U.S.C. 227. Appropriate use
should be made of the cooperative efforts
of other agencies in effecting collections
by offset, including utilization of the
enjoined to cooperate in this endeavor, ever, If the debtor is financially unable
? 102.4 Personal interview with debtor: to pay the indebtedness in one lump sum,
payment may be accepted in regular in-
Agencies will undertake personal inter- stallments, The size and frequency of
views with their debtors when this is. , such installment payments should bear a
feasible, having regard for the amounts real able relation to the size of the debt
involved and the proximity of agency and the debtor's ability to pay. If pos-
representatives to such debtors. . sible the installment payments should be
? 102.5 Contact with debtor's employing
agency.
When a debtor is employed by the Fed-
eral Government or is a member of the
military establishment or the Coast
Guard, and collection by offset cannot be
accomplished in accordance with 5 U.S.C.
5514, the employing agency will be con-
tacted for the purpose of arranging with
the debtor for payment of the indebted- VSA-70a, from a debtor when the total
Hess b
all
tm
t
th
i
i
y
o
en
or o
erw
se
n accord- amount of the deferred installments will
ance with section 206 of Executive Order exceed $750. Such notes may be sought.
11222 of May 8, 1965, 3 CFR, pp. 130, 131 when an unsecured obligation of a lesser
(1965 Supp.) (30P.R.6469). amount Is Involved. Security for de-
102.0 Suspension or revocation of Ii. ferred payments, other than a confess-
eenso or cligihility. judgment note; may be accepted ,in ap-
Agencies seeking the collection of pl?oprlato cases. An agency may accept
statutory penalties, forfeitures, or debts installment payments notwithstanding
provided for as an enforcement aid or for the refusal of a debtor to execute a con-
compelling compliance will give serious Tess-judgment note or to give other secu-
consideration to the suspension or revo- Pity, at the agency's option.
1 I U2.9 I. ,?.n',f ,?orr.pr?nr ;...,.
Agencies will attempt to effect compro-
mises (preferably during the course of
personal Interviews), of claims of $20,000
or less exclusive of Interest, in accord-
ance with the standards set forth in Part
103 of this chapter in all cases in which
it can be ascertained that the debtor's
financial ability will not permit payment
of the claim in full, or In which the litiga-
tive risks or the costs of litigation dictate
such action.
? 102.10 Interest. . ,
In cases in which prejudgment interest
is not mandated by statute, contract or
regulation, the agency may forego the
collection of prejudgment interest at an
inducement to voluntary payment. In
such cases demand letters should Inform
the debtor that prejudgment interest will
be collected if suit becomes necessary.
When a debt is paid in installments and
interest is collected, the installment
payments will first be applied to the
payment of nccrund Interest and then
to prhtclpal, in accordance with the so-
called "U.S. Rule", unless a different
rule is prescribed by statute, contract or
regulation, Prejudgment Interest should
not be demanded or collected on civil
penalty and forfeiture claims unless the
statute under which the claim arises
authorizes the collection of such interest.
See Rodgers v. United States, 332 U.S.
371.
? 102.11 Documentation of grim ?? rrn.
live collection action.
All administrative collection action
should be documehted and the bases for
compromise, or for termination or sus-
pension of collection action, should be
:set out in detail. Such documentation
should be retained in the appropriate
102.12 'Additional administrative col-
lection action.
Nothing contained in this chapter, is
intended to preclude the utilization of
any other administrative remedy which
may be available.
PART 103-STANDARDS FOR THE
COMPROMISE OF CLAIMS
Sec.
103.1
103.2
103.3
103.4
103.5
103.6
103.7
103.8
103.9
Scope and application.
Inability to, pay.
Litlgative probabilities.
Cost of collecting claim.
Enforcement policy.
Joint and several liability.
Settlement for a combination of
reasons.
Further review of compromise offers.
AUTHORITY: The provisions of this Part
103 Issued under see. 3, Federal Claims Col-
lection Act of 1060, 80 Stat. 300.
? 103.1 ' Scope and application.
The standards set forth In this part
apply to the compromise of claims, pur-
suant to section 3(b) of the Federal
Claims Collection Act of 1966, 80 Stat.
309, which do not exceed $20,000 exclu-
sive of interest. The head of an agency
or his designee may exercise such com-
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08
Claims, with Interest in accordance
with section 102.10 of this chapter,
should be collected in full in one lump
sufficient In size and frequency to liqui-
date the Government's claim in not more
than 3 years. Installment payments
of less than $10 per month should be ac-
cepted in only the most unusual circum-
stances: An agency holding an unse-
cured,claim for administrative collection
should attempt to obtain an exe-
cuted confess-judgment note, compara.
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RULES ANND REGULATIONS
promise :' i?;. with respect to claims debtors by i c;:n: t to balance sheets and .? 703.7 Scnlcnrcnt for n combination of
for nnonc:: ;.rope?rLy arising out of the such additional data. as seems required. rea c ns,
activities o; :.r, n;:cncy prior to the refcr-
rat of such c;,:hrs to the General Ac- ? 103.3 1''t';;ntn?cprobnlnl,tics. A claim may be compromised for one
counting 0111X.- or to the Department of A claim may be compromised pursuant 'or for more than one of the reasons au-
Justice for litigation. The Comptroller to this part if there is a real doubt con- thorized in this part.
General or his designee may exercise corning the Government's ability to prove ? 103.8 Further review of comprorui.e
such compromise authority with respect Its case in court for the full amount offers.
to claims referred to the General Ac- claimed either because of the legal is- If an agency holds. a debtor's firm
count.in;: Office prior to their further sues involved or a bon n di t t
r a c
1
out of an exception made by the General legal question involved, the probabili- 6 ou d be accepted, it may refer the.offer,
Accountinr Office in the account of an. tics with respect to full or partial recov- the supporting data, and particulars con-
Ac-
or claim to to the the General t of
accountable officer, Including a claim cry of a judgment having due regard to counting the
ngnit'st the payee. prior to its referral the availability of witnesses and other Justice. . The The General Accounting. Of-
by that Office for litigation. evldentlary support for the Government ng,
flee or the Department of Justice may
ay
? 103.2 L,btlity to pay. claim, and rela,.ed pragmaf.ic: considers act upon such an offer or return it to
tiros T~rnr.n,?Hn..nt .. ............ ....._..,~ w_ ._
.911- a as o written offer of compromise which is
referral for litigation. Only the Comp- the facts. The amount accepted in con- substantial in amount and the agency
troller General or liIA dc'Fiignee may effect promiso iii such noses should fairly re- is uncertain its to whether the Offer
the compromise of a claim that arises flectithe probability of provalling on the h
may be used for this purpose, Similar which will be required from other debt- be of. assistance in locating missing
ors jointly and peverally liable on the debtors: Telephone directories; city di-
data may be obtained from corporate claim. . , rectories; postmasters; drivers' license
m
ized thereon. The following sources may
s sue binding in determining the amount
as Department of Justice form D.T r
s
l
Government's ability to enforce coffee- a es a ishcd as an aid to enforce- app Y to the suspension or termination
iron. A compromise effected under this ment and to compel compliance may be of collection action pursuant to section
compromised' pursuant to this part if 3(b) of the Federal Claims Collection Act
section should be for an amount which the agency's enforcement policy in terms of 1966, 80 Stat. 309, on claims which do
bears a reasonable relation to the of deterrence and securing compliance, not exceed $20,000 exclusive of interest.
amount which can be recovered by en- both present and future, will be ade- The head of an agency or his designee
forced collection procedures, having re- quately served by acceptance of the sum may suspend or terminate collection ac-
gard for the exemptions available to the to be agreed upon. Mere-accidental or . tion under this part with respect to
debtor and the time which collection technical violations may be dealt with claims for money or property arising out
will take. Compromises payable In in- 'less severely than willful and substantial of activities of his agency prior to the
stallmcnts are to be discouraged. How-. violations. referral of such claims to the General
ever, if payment of -a compromise by Accounting Office or to the Department
installments is necessary, an agreement ? 103.6 Jointpnd several lini,iliiy. of Justice for litigation. The Comptrol-
for the reinstatement of the prior In- ler General or his designee may exercise
clcbtcdness less sums paid thereon and When two or more debtors are jointly such authority with respect to claims re-
acceleration of the balance due upon and severally liable collection action will ferred to the General Accounting Office
default in the payment of any install- not be withheld against one such debtor
meat should be obtained, together with until the other or others pay their pro- prior to their further referral for Ilti-
security in the manner set forth in portionate share. The agency should gation.
? 102.8 of this chapter, in every case in not attempt to allocate the burden of ? 104.2 Suspension of collection activity.
which this is possible. If the agency's paying such claims as between the debt- Collection action may be suspended
file's do not contain reasonably up-to- ors but should proceed to liquidate the temporarily on a claim when the debtor
date credit Information as a basis for indebtedness as quickly as possible, cannot be located after diligent effort and
assessing a compromise proposal such Care should be taken that compromise there is reason to believe that future col-
information may be obtained from the with one such debtor does not release lection action may be sufficiently produc-
individual debtor by obtaining a state- the agency's claim against the remain- tive to justify periodic review and action
ment executed under penalty of perjury . Inc debtors. The amount of a compro- on the claim having consideration for its
showing the debtor's assets and liabili- mise with one such debtor shall not be size and the amount which may be zeal;
h considered a precedent or as mornll
ties, income and expense For
debtor under State and Federal law in will not carry great weight insthe sett "r Avs7roarrr: The provislons of this Part 104 le- Issued determining the Government's ability to ment of large claims. tion Act cod of er 10666ec. 3. tat. 3l Claims Collec-
enforce collection. Uncertainty as to tion , 8d Sat 300.
the?price which collateral or other prop- ? 103.5 1:nforct'mcnt policy. ? 104.1 Scope and application.
erty will bring at forced sale may prop- Statutory penalties, forfeitures, or The standards set forth in this part
erly be considered In determining the bt
t b
I
sse
s
ave
een con- may reflect an appropriate discount for LECTION ACTION
ccaled or Improperly transferred by the the administrative and liti ;alive costs
debtor; the availability of assets or in- of collection hiving regard for the time. sec.
come which may be realized upon by which It