Introduction
Background
In 1918, Slovenia became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia joined the new Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In 1991, Slovenia declared independence after a 10-day war with Serbia. Slovenia acceded to NATO and the EU in 2004 and joined the euro zone and the Schengen Area in 2007.
Geography
Area
total: 20,273 sq km
land: 20,151 sq km
water: 122 sq km
Climate
Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
Natural resources
lignite, lead, zinc, building stone, hydropower, forests
People and Society
Population
2,099,790 (2023 est.)
Ethnic groups
Slovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12% (2002 est.)
Languages
Slovene (official) 87.7%, Croatian 2.8%, Serbo-Croatian 1.8%, Bosnian 1.6%, Serbian 1.6%, Hungarian 0.4% (official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside), Italian 0.2% (official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside), other or unspecified 3.9% (2002 est.)
Religions
Catholic 69%, Orthodox 4%, Muslim 3%, Christian 1%, other 3%, atheist 14%, non-believer/agnostic 4%, refused to answer 2% (2019 est.)
Population growth rate
-0.08% (2023 est.)
Government
Government type
parliamentary republic
Capital
name: Ljubljana
Executive branch
chief of state: President Natasa PIRC MUSAR (since 23 December 2022); note - PIRC MUSAR is Slovenia's first female president
head of government: Prime Minister Robert GOLOB (since 1 June 2022)
Legislative branch
description: bicameral Parliament consists of:
National Council (State Council)or Drzavni Svet (40 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve 5-year terms); note - the Council is primarily an advisory body with limited legislative powers
National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats; 88 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 2 directly elected in special constituencies for Italian and Hungarian minorities by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms)
Economy
Economic overview
high-income, fast-growing EU-member economy; high human capital; key health infrastructure investments; high government spending; key Croatian investments; high-technology and manufacturing sectors; growing financial hub
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$86.624 billion (2022 est.)
$84.543 billion (2021 est.)
$78.115 billion (2020 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$41,000 (2022 est.)
$40,100 (2021 est.)
$37,200 (2020 est.)
Agricultural products
milk, maize, wheat, grapes, barley, potatoes, poultry, apples, beef, pork
Industries
ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting; electronics (including military electronics), trucks, automobiles, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools
Exports
$56.51 billion (2022 est.)
$51.662 billion (2021 est.)
$41.855 billion (2020 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 18%, Italy 11%, Croatia 8%, Austria 7%, France 5%, Switzerland 5% (2019)
Exports - commodities
packaged medicines, cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, electrical lighting/signaling equipment, electricity (2019)
Imports
$55.158 billion (2022 est.)
$47.997 billion (2021 est.)
$37 billion (2020 est.)
Imports - partners
Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Austria 8%, Switzerland 8%, China 7% (2019)
Imports - commodities
packaged medicines, cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, electricity (2019)
Exchange rates
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates:
0.95 (2022 est.)
0.845 (2021 est.)
0.876 (2020 est.)
0.893 (2019 est.)
0.847 (2018 est.)
Page last updated: Tuesday, April 09, 2024
