Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

This entry records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money. Countries with high budget deficits (relative to their GDPs) generally have more difficulty raising funds to finance expenditures, than those with lower deficits.

• Afghanistan

  -15.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Albania

  -2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Algeria

  -9.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• American Samoa

  -2.1% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Andorra

  -6.9% (of GDP) (2016)

• Angola

  -6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Anguilla

  0.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Antigua and Barbuda

  -2.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Argentina

  -6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Armenia

  -4.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Aruba

  -2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Australia

  -0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Austria

  -0.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Azerbaijan

  -1.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bahamas, The

  -2.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bahrain

  -10.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bangladesh

  -3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Barbados

  -4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Belarus

  2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Belgium

  -1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Belize

  -1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Benin

  -6.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bermuda

  -2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bhutan

  -3.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bolivia

  -7.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Botswana

  -1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Brazil

  -1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• British Virgin Islands

  0% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Brunei

  -17.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Bulgaria

  1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Burkina Faso

  -7.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Burma

  -3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Burundi

  -5.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cabo Verde

  -3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cambodia

  -1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cameroon

  -3.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Canada

  -1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cayman Islands

  4.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Central African Republic

  -0.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Chad

  -1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Chile

  -2.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• China

  -3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Colombia

  -2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Comoros

  -6.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Congo, Democratic Republic of the

  -0.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Congo, Republic of the

  -7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cook Islands

  3% (of GDP) (2010 est.)

• Costa Rica

  -6.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cote d'Ivoire

  -4.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Croatia

  0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Cuba

  -10.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Curacao

  -0.4% (of GDP) (2012 est.)

• Cyprus

  1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Czechia

  1.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Denmark

  1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Djibouti

  -9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Dominica

  -5.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Dominican Republic

  -3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Ecuador

  -4.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Egypt

  -8.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• El Salvador

  -2.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Equatorial Guinea

  -3.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Eritrea

  -9.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Estonia

  -0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Eswatini

  -8.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Ethiopia

  -3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• European Union

  -3% (of GDP) (2014)

• Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

  -4% (of GDP) (FY09/10)

• Faroe Islands

  -1.7% (of GDP) (2014 est.)

• Fiji

  -4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Finland

  -0.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• France

  -2.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• French Polynesia

  1.2% (of GDP) (2012)

• Gabon

  -1.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Gambia, The

  -2.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Georgia

  -3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Germany

  1.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Ghana

  -6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Gibraltar

  1.1% (of GDP) (2008 est.)

• Greece

  0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Greenland

  5.6% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Grenada

  3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Guam

  -1% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Guatemala

  -1.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Guernsey

  1.2% (of GDP) (2005)

• Guinea

  -0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Guinea-Bissau

  -1.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Guyana

  -4.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Haiti

  -1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Holy See (Vatican City)

  NA

• Honduras

  -2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Hong Kong

  5.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Hungary

  -2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
  
  note: Hungary has been under the EU Excessive Deficit Procedure since it joined the EU in 2004; in March 2012, the EU elevated its Excessive Deficit Procedure against Hungary and proposed freezing 30% of the country's Cohesion Funds because 2011 deficit reductions were not achieved in a sustainable manner; in June 2012, the EU lifted the freeze, recognizing that steps had been taken to reduce the deficit; the Hungarian deficit increased above 3% both in 2013 and in 2014 due to sluggish growth and the government's fiscal tightening

• Iceland

  1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• India

  -3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Indonesia

  -2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Iran

  -2.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Iraq

  -4.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Ireland

  -0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Isle of Man

  0.3% (of GDP) (FY05/06 est.)

• Israel

  -2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Italy

  -2.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Jamaica

  0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Japan

  -3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Jersey

  -0.4% (of GDP) (2005)

• Jordan

  -5.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Kazakhstan

  -1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Kenya

  -6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Kiribati

  -64.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Korea, North

  -0.4% (of GDP) (2007 est.)

• Korea, South

  1.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Kosovo

  -2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Kuwait

  -10% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Kyrgyzstan

  -3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Laos

  -5.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Latvia

  -0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Lebanon

  -6.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Lesotho

  -6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Liberia

  -4.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Libya

  -25.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Liechtenstein

  1.6% (of GDP) (2012 est.)

• Lithuania

  0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Luxembourg

  1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Macau

  10% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Madagascar

  -2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Malawi

  -3.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Malaysia

  -3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Maldives

  -10.1% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Mali

  -2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Malta

  3.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Marshall Islands

  1.3% (of GDP) (2013 est.)

• Mauritania

  -0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Mauritius

  -0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Mexico

  -1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Micronesia, Federated States of

  6.6% (of GDP) (FY12/13 est.)

• Moldova

  -0.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Monaco

  -1% (of GDP) (2011 est.)

• Mongolia

  -6.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Montenegro

  -5.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Morocco

  -3.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Mozambique

  -5.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Namibia

  -5.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Nauru

  -9.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Nepal

  -0.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Netherlands

  1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• New Caledonia

  0% (of GDP) (2015 est.)

• New Zealand

  1.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Nicaragua

  -2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Niger

  -5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Nigeria

  -1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Niue

  -12.6% (of GDP) (FY04/05)

• North Macedonia

  -2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Northern Mariana Islands

  3.7% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Norway

  4.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Oman

  -13.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Pakistan

  -5.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Palau

  8.8% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Panama

  -1.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Papua New Guinea

  -4.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Paraguay

  -1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Peru

  -3.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Philippines

  -2.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Poland

  -1.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Portugal

  -3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Puerto Rico

  -0.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Qatar

  -5.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Romania

  -2.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Russia

  -1.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Rwanda

  -4.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Saint Kitts and Nevis

  1.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Saint Lucia

  0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Saint Pierre and Miquelon

  3.8% (of GDP) (1996 est.)

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

  -0.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Samoa

  -4.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• San Marino

  -2.9% (of GDP) (2011 est.)

• Sao Tome and Principe

  -2.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Saudi Arabia

  -8.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Senegal

  -3.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Serbia

  0.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Seychelles

  -0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Sierra Leone

  -7.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Singapore

  -0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Slovakia

  -1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Slovenia

  0% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Solomon Islands

  -2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Somalia

  -0.1% (of GDP) (2014 est.)

• South Africa

  -4.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• South Sudan

  -1.3% (of GDP) (FY2017/18 est.)

• Spain

  -3.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Sri Lanka

  -5.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Sudan

  -10.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Suriname

  -7.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Svalbard

  NA

• Sweden

  1.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Switzerland

  1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Syria

  -8.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Taiwan

  -0.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Tajikistan

  -1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Tanzania

  -1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Thailand

  -3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Timor-Leste

  -75.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Togo

  -3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Tonga

  0% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Trinidad and Tobago

  -8.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Tunisia

  -5.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Turkey (Turkiye)

  -1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Turkmenistan

  -2.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Tuvalu

  25.6% (of GDP) (2013 est.)

• Uganda

  -4.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Ukraine

  -1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• United Arab Emirates

  -0.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• United Kingdom

  -1.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• United States

  -3.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Uruguay

  -3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Uzbekistan

  0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Vanuatu

  -0.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Venezuela

  -46.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Vietnam

  -6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Virgin Islands

  -0.4% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Wallis and Futuna

  -0.8% (of GDP) (2015 est.) NA

• West Bank

  0.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• World

  -3% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

• Yemen

  -5.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Zambia

  -7.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

• Zimbabwe

  -9.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)