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Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

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This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund.

  • Afghanistan

    $7.187 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $6.901 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Albania

    $3.59 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.109 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Algeria

    $97.89 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $114.7 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Angola

    $17.29 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $23.74 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Anguilla

    $76.38 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $48.14 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Argentina

    $55.33 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $38.43 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Armenia

    $2.314 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.204 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Aruba

    $921.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $828 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Australia

    $66.58 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $55.07 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Austria

    $21.57 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $23.36 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Azerbaijan

    $6.681 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $7.142 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Bahamas, The

    $1.522 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.002 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Bahrain

    $2.349 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.094 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Bangladesh

    $33.42 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $32.28 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Barbados

    $264.5 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $341.8 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Belarus

    $7.315 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $4.927 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Belgium

    $26.16 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $24.1 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Belize

    $312.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $376.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Benin

    $698.9 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $57.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Bhutan

    $1.206 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.127 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Bolivia

    $10.26 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $10.08 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina

    $6.474 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $5.137 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Botswana

    $7.491 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $7.189 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Brazil

    $374 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $367.5 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Brunei

    $3.488 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.366 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Bulgaria

    $28.38 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $25.13 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Burkina Faso

    $49 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $50.9 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Burma

    $4.924 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $4.63 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Burundi

    $97.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $95.17 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Cabo Verde

    $617.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $572.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Cambodia

    $12.2 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $9.122 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Cameroon

    $3.235 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.26 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Canada

    $86.68 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $82.72 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Central African Republic

    $304.3 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $252.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Chad

    $22.9 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $20.92 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Chile

    $38.98 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $40.49 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • China

    $3.236 trillion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.098 trillion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Colombia

    $47.13 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $46.18 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Comoros

    $208 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $159.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Congo, Democratic Republic of the

    $457.5 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $708.2 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Congo, Republic of the

    $505.7 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $727.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Costa Rica

    $7.15 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $7.574 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Cote d'Ivoire

    $6.257 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $4.935 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Croatia

    $18.82 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $14.24 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Cuba

    $11.35 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $12.3 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Curacao

    $0 (31 December 2017 est.)

  • Cyprus

    $888.2 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $817.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Czechia

    $148 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $85.73 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Denmark

    $75.25 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $64.25 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Djibouti

    $547.7 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $398.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Dominica

    $212.3 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $221.9 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Dominican Republic

    $6.873 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $6.134 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Ecuador

    $2.395 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $4.259 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Egypt

    $35.89 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $23.2 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • El Salvador

    $3.567 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.238 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Equatorial Guinea

    $45.5 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $62.31 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Eritrea

    $236.7 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $218.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Estonia

    $345 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $352.2 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Eswatini

    $563.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $564.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Ethiopia

    $3.013 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.022 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • European Union

    $740.9 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

    $746.9 billion (31 December 2013)

    note: data are for the European Central Bank

  • Fiji

    $1.116 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $908.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Finland

    $10.51 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $11.2 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • France

    $156.4 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $138.2 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Gabon

    $981.6 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $804.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Gambia, The

    $170 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $87.64 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Gaza Strip

    $446.3 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $583 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Georgia

    $3.039 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.756 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Germany

    $200.1 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $173.7 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Ghana

    $7.555 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $6.162 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Greece

    $7.807 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $6.026 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Grenada

    $199.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $198 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Guatemala

    $11.77 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $9.156 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Guinea

    $331.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $383.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Guinea-Bissau

    $356.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $349.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Guyana

    $565.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $581 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Haiti

    $2.361 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.11 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Honduras

    $4.708 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.814 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Hong Kong

    $431.4 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $386.2 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Hungary

    $28 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $25.82 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Iceland

    $6.567 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $7.226 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • India

    $409.8 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $359.7 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Indonesia

    $130.2 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

  • Iran

    $120.6 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $133.7 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Iraq

    $48.88 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $45.36 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Ireland

    $4.412 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.203 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Israel

    $173.292 billion (2020 est.)

    $113 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $95.45 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Italy

    $151.2 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $130.6 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Jamaica

    $3.781 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.719 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Japan

    $1.264 trillion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.233 trillion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Jordan

    $15.56 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $15.54 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Kazakhstan

    $30.75 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $29.53 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Kenya

    $7.354 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $7.256 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Kiribati

    $0 (31 December 2017 est.)

    $8.37 million (31 December 2010 est.)

  • Korea, South

    $389.2 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $371.1 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Kosovo

    $683.9 million (31 December 2016 est.)

    $708.7 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Kuwait

    $33.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $31.13 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Kyrgyzstan

    $2.177 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.97 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Laos

    $1.27 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $940.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Latvia

    $4.614 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.514 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Lebanon

    $55.42 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $54.04 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Lesotho

    $657.7 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $925.2 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Liberia

    $459.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $528.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Libya

    $74.71 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $66.05 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Lithuania

    $4.45 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.697 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Luxembourg

    $878 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $974 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Macau

    $20.17 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $18.89 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

    note: the Fiscal Reserves Act that came into force on 1 January 2012 requires the fiscal reserves to be separated from the foreign exchange reserves and to be managed separately; the transfer of assets took place in February 2012

  • Madagascar

    $1.6 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.076 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Malawi

    $780.2 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $585.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Malaysia

    $102.4 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $94.5 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Maldives

    $477.9 million (31 December 2016 est.)

    $575.8 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Mali

    $647.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $395.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Malta

    $833 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $677.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Mauritania

    $875 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $849.3 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Mauritius

    $5.984 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $4.967 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Mexico

    $175.3 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $178.4 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

    note: Mexico also maintains access to an $88 million Flexible Credit Line with the IMF

  • Micronesia, Federated States of

    $203.7 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $135.1 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Moldova

    $2.803 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.206 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Mongolia

    $3.016 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.296 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Montenegro

    $1.077 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $846.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Montserrat

    $47.58 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $51.47 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Morocco

    $26.27 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $25.37 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Mozambique

    $3.361 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.081 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Namibia

    $2.432 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.834 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Nepal

    $9.091 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $8.506 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Netherlands

    $38.44 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $38.21 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • New Zealand

    $20.68 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $17.81 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Nicaragua

    $2.758 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.448 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Niger

    $1.314 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.186 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Nigeria

    $38.77 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $25.84 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • North Macedonia

    $2.802 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.755 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Norway

    $65.92 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $57.46 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Oman

    $16.09 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $20.26 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Pakistan

    $18.46 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $22.05 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Palau

    $0 (31 December 2017 est.)

    $580.9 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Panama

    $2.703 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.878 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Papua New Guinea

    $1.735 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.656 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Paraguay

    $7.877 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $6.881 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Peru

    $63.83 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $61.81 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Philippines

    $81.57 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $80.69 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Poland

    $113.3 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $114.4 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Portugal

    $26.11 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $19.4 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Qatar

    $15.01 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $31.89 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Romania

    $44.43 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $40 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Russia

    $432.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $377.7 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Rwanda

    $997.6 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $1.104 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Saint Kitts and Nevis

    $365.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $320.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Saint Lucia

    $321.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $320.7 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

    $182.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $192.3 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Samoa

    $133 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $122.5 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • San Marino

    $392 million (2014 est.)

    $539.3 million (2013 est.)

  • Sao Tome and Principe

    $58.95 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $61.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Saudi Arabia

    $496.4 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $535.8 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Senegal

    $1.827 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $116.9 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Serbia

    $11.91 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $10.76 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Seychelles

    $545.2 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $523.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Sierra Leone

    $478 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $497.2 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Singapore

    $279.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $271.8 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Slovakia

    $3.622 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.892 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Slovenia

    $889.9 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $853 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Solomon Islands

    $0 (31 December 2017 est.)

    $421 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Somalia

    $30.45 million (2014 est.)

  • South Africa

    $50.72 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $47.23 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • South Sudan

    $73 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Spain

    $69.41 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $63.14 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Sri Lanka

    $7.959 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $6.019 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Sudan

    $198 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $168.3 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Suriname

    $424.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $381.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Sweden

    $62.22 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $59.39 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Switzerland

    $811.2 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $679.3 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Syria

    $407.3 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $504.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Taiwan

    $456.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $439 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Tajikistan

    $1.292 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $652.8 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Tanzania

    $5.301 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $4.067 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

    note: excludes gold

  • Thailand

    $202.6 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $171.9 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Timor-Leste

    $544.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $437.8 million (31 December 2015 est.)

    note: excludes assets of approximately $9.7 billion in the Petroleum Fund (31 December 2010)

  • Togo

    $77.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $42.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Tonga

    $198.5 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $176.5 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Trinidad and Tobago

    $8.892 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $9.995 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Tunisia

    $5.594 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $5.941 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Turkey (Turkiye)

    $107.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $106.1 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Turkmenistan

    $24.91 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $25.05 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Uganda

    $3.654 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $3.034 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

    note: excludes gold

  • Ukraine

    $18.81 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $15.54 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • United Arab Emirates

    $95.37 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $85.39 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • United Kingdom

    $150.8 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $129.6 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • United States

    $123.3 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $117.6 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Uruguay

    $15.96 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $13.47 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Uzbekistan

    $16 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $14 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Vanuatu

    $395.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $267.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Venezuela

    $9.661 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $11 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Vietnam

    $49.5 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $36.91 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • West Bank

    $0 (31 December 2017 est.)

    $583 million (31 December 2015 est.)

  • Yemen

    $245.4 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $592.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Zambia

    $2.082 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

    $2.353 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

  • Zimbabwe

    $431.8 million (31 December 2017 est.)

    $407.2 million (31 December 2016 est.)