Mongolia

Introduction

Background

Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Definitions and Notes

Geography

Location

Geographic coordinates

Map references

Area

comparison ranking: total 20

Area - comparative

Area comparison map:

<p>slightly smaller than Alaska; more than twice the size of Texas</p>

Land boundaries

Coastline

Maritime claims

Climate

Terrain

Elevation

Natural resources

Land use

Irrigated land

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Population distribution

Natural hazards

Geography - note

People and Society

Population

comparison rankings: total 134; male 137; female 134

Nationality

Ethnic groups

Languages

Religions

Age structure

2024 population pyramid:

This is the population pyramid for Mongolia. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. <br/><br/>For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.

Dependency ratios

Median age

comparison ranking: total 126

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 113

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 109

Death rate

comparison ranking: 144

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 138

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas - population

Sex ratio

Mother's mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 103

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 78

Life expectancy at birth

comparison ranking: total population 168

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 128

Gross reproduction rate

Drinking water source

Health expenditure

Physician density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

comparison ranking: 97

Alcohol consumption per capita

comparison ranking: total 80

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 23

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

comparison ranking: 100

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

Child marriage

Education expenditure

comparison ranking: Education expenditure (% GDP) 123

Literacy

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Environment

Environmental issues

International environmental agreements

Climate

Land use

Urbanization

Carbon dioxide emissions

comparison ranking: total emissions 87

Particulate matter emissions

Methane emissions

Waste and recycling

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Government

Country name

Government type

Capital

Administrative divisions

Legal system

Constitution

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

Executive branch

Legislative branch

Judicial branch

Political parties

Diplomatic representation in the US

Diplomatic representation from the US

International organization participation

Independence

National holiday

Flag

National symbol(s)

National color(s)

National anthem(s)

National heritage

Economy

Economic overview

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

comparison ranking: 118

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 47

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 115

GDP (official exchange rate)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

comparison ranking: 163

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

comparison rankings: agriculture 89; industry 23; services 178

GDP - composition, by end use

Agricultural products

Industries

Industrial production growth rate

comparison ranking: 28

Labor force

comparison ranking: 135

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 101

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

comparison ranking: total 92

Population below poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

comparison ranking: 111

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Remittances

Budget

Public debt

comparison ranking: 61

Taxes and other revenues

comparison ranking: 77

Current account balance

comparison ranking: 74

Exports

comparison ranking: 99

Exports - partners

Exports - commodities

Imports

comparison ranking: 110

Imports - partners

Imports - commodities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

comparison ranking: 94

Debt - external

comparison ranking: 54

Exchange rates

Energy

Electricity access

Electricity

comparison rankings: installed generating capacity 127; consumption 110; exports 97; imports 66; transmission/distribution losses 103

Electricity generation sources

Coal

Petroleum

Energy consumption per capita

comparison ranking: 73

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 91

Telephones - mobile cellular

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 125

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

comparison ranking: total 97

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

comparison ranking: 110

Railways

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 55

Photos of Mongolia