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Unemployment rate

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This entry contains the percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.

Afghanistan

13.28% (2021 est.)
11.71% (2020 est.)
11.22% (2019 est.)

Albania

11.82% (2021 est.)
13.33% (2020 est.)
11.47% (2019 est.)

note: these official rates may not include those working at near-subsistence farming

Algeria

12.7% (2021 est.)
12.55% (2020 est.)
10.51% (2019 est.)

American Samoa

29.8% (2005)

Andorra

3.7% (2016 est.)
4.1% (2015 est.)

Angola

8.53% (2021 est.)
8.33% (2020 est.)
7.42% (2019 est.)

Anguilla

8% (2002)

Antigua and Barbuda

11% (2014 est.)

Argentina

10.9% (2021 est.)
11.46% (2020 est.)
9.84% (2019 est.)

Armenia

20.9% (2021 est.)
21.21% (2020 est.)
18.3% (2019 est.)

Aruba

7.7% (2016 est.)

Australia

5.11% (2021 est.)
6.46% (2020 est.)
5.16% (2019 est.)

Austria

6.3% (2021 est.)
5.36% (2020 est.)
4.49% (2019 est.)

Azerbaijan

6.58% (2021 est.)
6.46% (2020 est.)
4.85% (2019 est.)

Bahamas, The

13.24% (2021 est.)
13.32% (2020 est.)
10.06% (2019 est.)

Bahrain

1.87% (2021 est.)
1.78% (2020 est.)
1.2% (2019 est.)

note: official estimate; actual rate is higher

Bangladesh

5.23% (2021 est.)
5.41% (2020 est.)
4.44% (2019 est.)

note: about 40% of the population is underemployed; many persons counted as employed work only a few hours a week and at low wages

Barbados

10.41% (2021 est.)
10.38% (2020 est.)
8.41% (2019 est.)

Belarus

4.74% (2021 est.)
4.77% (2020 est.)
4.16% (2019 est.)

note: official registered unemployed; large number of underemployed workers

Belgium

6.42% (2021 est.)
5.55% (2020 est.)
5.36% (2019 est.)

Belize

8.22% (2021 est.)
8.46% (2020 est.)
6.71% (2019 est.)

Benin

1.57% (2021 est.)
1.58% (2020 est.)
1.47% (2019 est.)

Bermuda

7% (2017 est.)
7% (2016 est.)

Bhutan

4.33% (2021 est.)
3.65% (2020 est.)
2.5% (2019 est.)

Bolivia

8.51% (2021 est.)
7.9% (2020 est.)
3.82% (2019 est.)

note: data are for urban areas; widespread underemployment

Bosnia and Herzegovina

15.22% (2021 est.)
15.27% (2020 est.)
15.69% (2019 est.)

note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy

Botswana

24.72% (2021 est.)
24.93% (2020 est.)
22.61% (2019 est.)

Brazil

14.4% (2021 est.)
13.69% (2020 est.)
11.93% (2019 est.)

British Virgin Islands

2.9% (2015 est.)

Brunei

7.65% (2021 est.)
7.68% (2020 est.)
6.92% (2019 est.)

Bulgaria

5.42% (2021 est.)
5.12% (2020 est.)
4.23% (2019 est.)

Burkina Faso

4.76% (2021 est.)
4.89% (2020 est.)
4.69% (2019 est.)

Burma

2.17% (2021 est.)
1.06% (2020 est.)
0.5% (2019 est.)

Burundi

1.79% (2021 est.)
1.71% (2020 est.)
1.59% (2019 est.)

NA

Cabo Verde

15.42% (2021 est.)
15.31% (2020 est.)
12.22% (2019 est.)

Cambodia

0.61% (2021 est.)
0.33% (2020 est.)
0.15% (2019 est.)

note: high underemployment, according to official statistics

Cameroon

3.87% (2021 est.)
3.84% (2020 est.)
3.64% (2019 est.)

Canada

7.51% (2021 est.)
9.46% (2020 est.)
5.66% (2019 est.)

Cayman Islands

4% (2008)
4.4% (2004)

Central African Republic

6.57% (2021 est.)
6.36% (2020 est.)
5.62% (2019 est.)

Chad

1.88% (2021 est.)
1.74% (2020 est.)
1.12% (2019 est.)

NA

Chile

9.13% (2021 est.)
11.18% (2020 est.)
7.29% (2019 est.)

China

4.82% (2021 est.)
5% (2020 est.)
4.52% (2019 est.)

note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

0.1% (2011)
60% (2000 est.)

Colombia

14.34% (2021 est.)
15.04% (2020 est.)
9.96% (2019 est.)

Comoros

9.45% (2021 est.)
9.22% (2020 est.)
8.08% (2019 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the

5.43% (2021 est.)
5.27% (2020 est.)
4.45% (2019 est.)

NA

Congo, Republic of the

23.01% (2021 est.)
22.84% (2020 est.)
20.62% (2019 est.)

Cook Islands

13.1% (2005)

Costa Rica

17.95% (2021 est.)
17.41% (2020 est.)
11.49% (2019 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire

3.47% (2021 est.)
3.49% (2020 est.)
3.32% (2019 est.)

Croatia

8.68% (2021 est.)
7.51% (2020 est.)
6.62% (2019 est.)

Cuba

2.76% (2021 est.)
2.62% (2020 est.)
1.74% (2019 est.)

note: data are official rates; unofficial estimates are about double

Curacao

13% (2013 est.)
9.8% (2011 est.)

Cyprus

6.13% (2021 est.)
7.59% (2020 est.)
7.07% (2019 est.)

note: area administered by Turkish Cypriots - 9.4% (2005 est.)

Czechia

2.89% (2021 est.)
2.55% (2020 est.)
2.01% (2019 est.)

Denmark

4.8% (2021 est.)
5.64% (2020 est.)
5.02% (2019 est.)

Djibouti

28.39% (2021 est.)
28.39% (2020 est.)
26.36% (2019 est.)

Dominica

23% (2000 est.)

Dominican Republic

8.5% (2021 est.)
6.13% (2020 est.)
6.36% (2019 est.)

Ecuador

6.43% (2021 est.)
6.11% (2020 est.)
3.81% (2019 est.)

Egypt

9.33% (2021 est.)
9.17% (2020 est.)
7.84% (2019 est.)

El Salvador

5.94% (2021 est.)
6.25% (2020 est.)
4.17% (2019 est.)

note: data are official rates; but underemployment is high

Equatorial Guinea

9.24% (2021 est.)
9.9% (2020 est.)
8.68% (2019 est.)

Eritrea

8.05% (2021 est.)
7.86% (2020 est.)
5.99% (2019 est.)

Estonia

6.33% (2021 est.)
6.8% (2020 est.)
4.45% (2019 est.)

Eswatini

25.76% (2021 est.)
25.51% (2020 est.)
22.84% (2019 est.)

Ethiopia

3.69% (2021 est.)
3.24% (2020 est.)
2.33% (2019 est.)

European Union

7.05% (2021 est.)
7.05% (2020 est.)
6.69% (2019 est.)

Faroe Islands

2.2% (2017 est.)
3.4% (2016 est.)

Fiji

5.24% (2021 est.)
4.72% (2020 est.)
4.45% (2019 est.)

Finland

7.53% (2021 est.)
7.76% (2020 est.)
6.69% (2019 est.)

France

8.06% (2021 est.)
8.01% (2020 est.)
8.41% (2019 est.)

note: includes overseas territories

French Polynesia

14.39% (2021 est.)
14.1% (2020 est.)
12.3% (2019 est.)

Gabon

22.26% (2021 est.)
21.97% (2020 est.)
20.74% (2019 est.)

Gambia, The

11.21% (2021 est.)
11.08% (2020 est.)
9.5% (2019 est.)

NA

Gaza Strip

24.9% (2021 est.)
25.89% (2020 est.)
25.34% (2019 est.)

note: data exclude the West Bank

Georgia

10.66% (2021 est.)
18.5% (2020 est.)
11.57% (2019 est.)

Germany

3.54% (2021 est.)
3.81% (2020 est.)
3.14% (2019 est.)

Ghana

4.7% (2021 est.)
4.65% (2020 est.)
4.32% (2019 est.)

Gibraltar

1% (2016 est.)

Greece

14.8% (2021 est.)
16.3% (2020 est.)
17.31% (2019 est.)

Greenland

9.1% (2015 est.)
10.3% (2014 est.)

Grenada

24% (2017 est.)
28.2% (2016 est.)

Guam

6.98% (2021 est.)
6.8% (2020 est.)
5.51% (2019 est.)

Guatemala

3.57% (2021 est.)
3.55% (2020 est.)
2.19% (2019 est.)

Guernsey

7.37% (2021 est.)
7.69% (2020 est.)
6.41% (2019 est.)

Guinea

6.34% (2021 est.)
6.1% (2020 est.)
5.02% (2019 est.)

Guinea-Bissau

6.76% (2021 est.)
6.74% (2020 est.)
6.04% (2019 est.)

NA

Guyana

16.42% (2021 est.)
16.43% (2020 est.)
13.99% (2019 est.)

Haiti

15.73% (2021 est.)
15.45% (2020 est.)
13.91% (2019 est.)

note: widespread unemployment and underemployment; more than two-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs

Honduras

8.51% (2021 est.)
8.37% (2020 est.)
5.7% (2019 est.)

note: about one-third of the people are underemployed

Hong Kong

5.32% (2021 est.)
5.83% (2020 est.)
2.93% (2019 est.)

Hungary

4.12% (2021 est.)
4.25% (2020 est.)
3.42% (2019 est.)

Iceland

5.4% (2021 est.)
5.48% (2020 est.)
3.51% (2019 est.)

India

5.98% (2021 est.)
8% (2020 est.)
5.27% (2019 est.)

Indonesia

4.41% (2021 est.)
4.28% (2020 est.)
3.62% (2019 est.)

Iran

11.46% (2021 est.)
12.17% (2020 est.)
10.74% (2019 est.)

note: data are Iranian Government numbers

Iraq

14.19% (2021 est.)
14.09% (2020 est.)
12.86% (2019 est.)

Ireland

6.63% (2021 est.)
5.62% (2020 est.)
4.95% (2019 est.)

Isle of Man

1.1% (2017 est.)
2% (April 2011 est.)

Israel

5.05% (2021 est.)
4.33% (2020 est.)
3.8% (2019 est.)

Italy

9.83% (2021 est.)
9.16% (2020 est.)
9.95% (2019 est.)

Jamaica

9.18% (2021 est.)
9.48% (2020 est.)
7.69% (2019 est.)

Japan

2.8% (2021 est.)
2.8% (2020 est.)
2.4% (2019 est.)

Jersey

7.37% (2021 est.)
7.69% (2020 est.)
6.41% (2019 est.)

Jordan

19.25% (2021 est.)
19.03% (2020 est.)
16.81% (2019 est.)

note: official rate; unofficial rate is approximately 30%

Kazakhstan

4.9% (2021 est.)
4.89% (2020 est.)
4.8% (2019 est.)

Kenya

5.74% (2021 est.)
5.73% (2020 est.)
5.01% (2019 est.)

Kiribati

30.6% (2010 est.)
6.1% (2005)

Korea, North

2.59% (2021 est.)
2.92% (2020 est.)
2.59% (2019 est.)

Korea, South

3.53% (2021 est.)
3.93% (2020 est.)
3.75% (2019 est.)

Kosovo

30.5% (2017 est.)
27.5% (2016 est.)

note: Kosovo has a large informal sector that may not be reflected in these data

Kuwait

3.71% (2021 est.)
3.54% (2020 est.)
2.17% (2019 est.)

Kyrgyzstan

9.1% (2021 est.)
8.71% (2020 est.)
6.92% (2019 est.)

Laos

1.26% (2021 est.)
1.03% (2020 est.)
0.85% (2019 est.)

Latvia

7.6% (2021 est.)
8.1% (2020 est.)
6.31% (2019 est.)

Lebanon

14.49% (2021 est.)
13.3% (2020 est.)
11.35% (2019 est.)

Lesotho

24.6% (2021 est.)
24.56% (2020 est.)
22.44% (2019 est.)

Liberia

4.09% (2021 est.)
3.98% (2020 est.)
3.02% (2019 est.)

Libya

19.58% (2021 est.)
20.07% (2020 est.)
19.66% (2019 est.)

Liechtenstein

2.4% (2015)
2.4% (2014)

Lithuania

7.9% (2021 est.)
8.49% (2020 est.)
6.26% (2019 est.)

Luxembourg

5.23% (2021 est.)
6.77% (2020 est.)
5.59% (2019 est.)

Macau

3.01% (2021 est.)
2.57% (2020 est.)
1.75% (2019 est.)

Madagascar

2.59% (2021 est.)
2.47% (2020 est.)
1.86% (2019 est.)

Malawi

7.02% (2021 est.)
6.7% (2020 est.)
5.75% (2019 est.)

Malaysia

4.61% (2021 est.)
4.5% (2020 est.)
3.26% (2019 est.)

Maldives

6.08% (2021 est.)
6.33% (2020 est.)
5.34% (2019 est.)

Mali

7.72% (2021 est.)
7.7% (2020 est.)
7.44% (2019 est.)

Malta

3.5% (2021 est.)
4.26% (2020 est.)
3.62% (2019 est.)

Marshall Islands

36% (2006 est.)
30.9% (2000 est.)

Mauritania

11.46% (2021 est.)
11.27% (2020 est.)
10.39% (2019 est.)

Mauritius

7.41% (2021 est.)
7.41% (2020 est.)
6.33% (2019 est.)

Mexico

4.38% (2021 est.)
4.45% (2020 est.)
3.48% (2019 est.)

note: underemployment may be as high as 25%

Moldova

3.96% (2021 est.)
3.82% (2020 est.)
5.1% (2019 est.)

Monaco

2% (2012)

Mongolia

7.08% (2021 est.)
7.01% (2020 est.)
5.44% (2019 est.)

Montenegro

18.49% (2021 est.)
17.9% (2020 est.)
15.12% (2019 est.)

Montserrat

5.6% (2017 est.)
6% (1998 est.)

Morocco

11.47% (2021 est.)
11.45% (2020 est.)
9.28% (2019 est.)

Mozambique

3.98% (2021 est.)
3.81% (2020 est.)
3.47% (2019 est.)

Namibia

21.68% (2021 est.)
21.45% (2020 est.)
19.99% (2019 est.)

Nauru

23% (2011 est.)
90% (2004 est.)

Nepal

5.05% (2021 est.)
4.72% (2020 est.)
3.1% (2019 est.)

Netherlands

4.01% (2021 est.)
3.82% (2020 est.)
3.38% (2019 est.)

New Caledonia

16.57% (2021 est.)
16.43% (2020 est.)
14.91% (2019 est.)

New Zealand

4.12% (2021 est.)
4.59% (2020 est.)
4.11% (2019 est.)

Nicaragua

5.96% (2021 est.)
6.08% (2020 est.)
5.21% (2019 est.)

note: underemployment was 46.5% in 2008

Niger

0.75% (2021 est.)
0.62% (2020 est.)
0.55% (2019 est.)

Nigeria

9.79% (2021 est.)
9.71% (2020 est.)
8.53% (2019 est.)

Niue

12% (2001)

North Macedonia

16.2% (2021 est.)
17.2% (2020 est.)
17.26% (2019 est.)

Northern Mariana Islands

11.2% (2010 est.)
8% (2005 est.)

Norway

4.99% (2021 est.)
4.42% (2020 est.)
3.69% (2019 est.)

Oman

3.12% (2021 est.)
2.94% (2020 est.)
1.85% (2019 est.)

NA

Pakistan

4.35% (2021 est.)
4.3% (2020 est.)
3.54% (2019 est.)

note: Pakistan has substantial underemployment

Palau

1.7% (2015 est.)
4.1% (2012)

Panama

12.09% (2021 est.)
12.85% (2020 est.)
4.73% (2019 est.)

Papua New Guinea

2.75% (2021 est.)
2.6% (2020 est.)
2.45% (2019 est.)

Paraguay

7.21% (2021 est.)
7.55% (2020 est.)
6.59% (2019 est.)

Peru

4.83% (2021 est.)
7.18% (2020 est.)
3.38% (2019 est.)

note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment

Philippines

2.41% (2021 est.)
2.52% (2020 est.)
2.24% (2019 est.)

Poland

3.37% (2021 est.)
3.16% (2020 est.)
3.28% (2019 est.)

Portugal

6.65% (2021 est.)
6.79% (2020 est.)
6.46% (2019 est.)

Puerto Rico

8.27% (2021 est.)
8.89% (2020 est.)
8.3% (2019 est.)

Qatar

0.26% (2021 est.)
0.21% (2020 est.)
0.1% (2019 est.)

Romania

5.17% (2021 est.)
5.03% (2020 est.)
3.91% (2019 est.)

Russia

5.01% (2021 est.)
5.59% (2020 est.)
4.5% (2019 est.)

Rwanda

1.61% (2021 est.)
1.49% (2020 est.)
1.1% (2019 est.)

Saint Lucia

16.91% (2021 est.)
16.89% (2020 est.)
15.32% (2019 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

8.7% (2015 est.)
9.9% (2008 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

21.62% (2021 est.)
21% (2020 est.)
19.28% (2019 est.)

Samoa

9.84% (2021 est.)
9.15% (2020 est.)
8.41% (2019 est.)

NA

San Marino

8.1% (2017 est.)
8.6% (2016 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe

15.91% (2021 est.)
15.75% (2020 est.)
14.14% (2019 est.)

Saudi Arabia

7.36% (2021 est.)
7.45% (2020 est.)
5.67% (2019 est.)

note: data are for total population; unemployment among Saudi nationals is more than double

Senegal

3.72% (2021 est.)
3.62% (2020 est.)
2.86% (2019 est.)

Serbia

11.81% (2021 est.)
9.01% (2020 est.)
10.39% (2019 est.)

Seychelles

3% (2017 est.)
2.7% (2016 est.)

Sierra Leone

5.33% (2021 est.)
5.2% (2020 est.)
4.65% (2019 est.)

Singapore

3.62% (2021 est.)
4.1% (2020 est.)
3.1% (2019 est.)

Sint Maarten

12% (2012 est.)
10.6% (2008 est.)

Slovakia

6.74% (2021 est.)
6.69% (2020 est.)
5.75% (2019 est.)

Slovenia

4.42% (2021 est.)
4.97% (2020 est.)
4.45% (2019 est.)

Solomon Islands

1.03% (2021 est.)
0.92% (2020 est.)
0.75% (2019 est.)

NA

Somalia

19.86% (2021 est.)
19.72% (2020 est.)
18.83% (2019 est.)

NA

South Africa

33.56% (2021 est.)
29.22% (2020 est.)
28.47% (2019 est.)

South Sudan

13.91% (2021 est.)
14.03% (2020 est.)
12.23% (2019 est.)

Spain

14.73% (2021 est.)
15.53% (2020 est.)
14.1% (2019 est.)

Sri Lanka

5.39% (2021 est.)
5.88% (2020 est.)
4.35% (2019 est.)

Sudan

19.81% (2021 est.)
19.65% (2020 est.)
17.65% (2019 est.)

Suriname

10.06% (2021 est.)
9.78% (2020 est.)
8.04% (2019 est.)

Sweden

8.66% (2021 est.)
8.29% (2020 est.)
6.83% (2019 est.)

Switzerland

5.32% (2021 est.)
4.82% (2020 est.)
4.39% (2019 est.)

Syria

10.57% (2021 est.)
10.26% (2020 est.)
8.77% (2019 est.)

Taiwan

3.73% (2019 est.)
3.69% (2018 est.)

Tajikistan

7.75% (2021 est.)
7.58% (2020 est.)
7.06% (2019 est.)

note: official rate; actual unemployment is much higher

Tanzania

2.65% (2021 est.)
2.53% (2020 est.)
2.22% (2019 est.)

Thailand

1.42% (2021 est.)
1.1% (2020 est.)
0.72% (2019 est.)

Timor-Leste

5.07% (2021 est.)
4.91% (2020 est.)
4.51% (2019 est.)

Togo

4% (2021 est.)
3.94% (2020 est.)
3.72% (2019 est.)

Tokelau

2% (2015 est.)

note: Underemployment may be as high as 6.6%

Tonga

3.97% (2021 est.)
3.63% (2020 est.)
3.06% (2019 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago

4.8% (2021 est.)
4.57% (2020 est.)
3.42% (2019 est.)

Tunisia

16.82% (2021 est.)
16.59% (2020 est.)
15.13% (2019 est.)

Turkey (Turkiye)

13.39% (2021 est.)
13.11% (2020 est.)
13.67% (2019 est.)

Turkmenistan

5.08% (2021 est.)
4.95% (2020 est.)
4.27% (2019 est.)

Uganda

2.94% (2021 est.)
2.77% (2020 est.)
1.92% (2019 est.)

Ukraine

8.88% (2021 est.)
9.13% (2020 est.)
8.19% (2019 est.)

note: officially registered workers; large number of unregistered or underemployed workers

United Arab Emirates

3.36% (2021 est.)
3.19% (2020 est.)
2.23% (2019 est.)

United Kingdom

4.53% (2021 est.)
4.47% (2020 est.)
3.74% (2019 est.)

United States

5.46% (2021 est.)
8.05% (2020 est.)
3.67% (2019 est.)

Uruguay

10.45% (2021 est.)
10.35% (2020 est.)
8.88% (2019 est.)

Uzbekistan

7.16% (2021 est.)
7.04% (2020 est.)
5.85% (2019 est.)

note: official data; another 20% are underemployed

Vanuatu

2.18% (2021 est.)
2.12% (2020 est.)
1.8% (2019 est.)

Venezuela

6.41% (2021 est.)
6.63% (2020 est.)
5.1% (2019 est.)

Vietnam

2.17% (2021 est.)
2.39% (2020 est.)
2.04% (2019 est.)

Virgin Islands

13.27% (2021 est.)
13.55% (2020 est.)
12.47% (2019 est.)

Wallis and Futuna

8.8% (2013 est.)
12.2% (2008 est.)

West Bank

24.9% (2021 est.)
25.89% (2020 est.)
25.34% (2019 est.)

note: excludes Gaza Strip

World

6.18% (2021 est.)
6.58% (2020 est.)
5.36% (2019 est.)

note: combined unemployment and underemployment in many non-industrialized countries; developed countries typically 4%-12% unemployment (2007 est.)

Yemen

13.57% (2021 est.)
13.39% (2020 est.)
13.06% (2019 est.)

Zambia

13.03% (2021 est.)
12.85% (2020 est.)
12.52% (2019 est.)

Zimbabwe

5.17% (2021 est.)
5.35% (2020 est.)
4.83% (2019 est.)

note: data include both unemployment and underemployment; true unemployment is unknown and, under current economic conditions, unknowable