Australia

Introduction

Background

Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Definitions and Notes

Geography

Location

Geographic coordinates

Map references

Area

comparison ranking: total 7

Area - comparative

Area comparison map:

<p>slightly smaller than the US contiguous 48 states</p>

Land boundaries

Coastline

Maritime claims

Climate

Terrain

Elevation

Natural resources

Land use

Irrigated land

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Major aquifers

Population distribution

Natural hazards

Geography - note

People and Society

Population

comparison rankings: total 54; male 54; female 54

Nationality

Ethnic groups

Languages

Religions

Age structure

2024 population pyramid:

This is the population pyramid for Australia. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. <br/><br/>For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.

Dependency ratios

Median age

comparison ranking: total 78

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 58

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 163

Death rate

comparison ranking: 121

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 5

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas - population

Sex ratio

Mother's mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 191

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 203

Life expectancy at birth

comparison ranking: total population 13

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 183

Gross reproduction rate

Drinking water source

Health expenditure

Physician density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

comparison ranking: 27

Alcohol consumption per capita

comparison ranking: total 27

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 119

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

Education expenditure

comparison ranking: Education expenditure (% GDP) 62

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Environment

Environmental issues

International environmental agreements

Climate

Land use

Urbanization

Carbon dioxide emissions

comparison ranking: total emissions 16

Particulate matter emissions

Methane emissions

Waste and recycling

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Government

Country name

Government type

Capital

Administrative divisions

Dependent areas

Legal system

Constitution

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

Executive branch

Legislative branch

Legislative branch - lower chamber

Legislative branch - upper chamber

Judicial branch

Political parties

Diplomatic representation in the US

Diplomatic representation from the US

International organization participation

Independence

National holiday

Flag

National symbol(s)

National color(s)

National coat of arms

National anthem(s)

National heritage

Economy

Economic overview

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

comparison ranking: 21

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 165

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 31

GDP (official exchange rate)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

comparison ranking: 103

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

comparison rankings: agriculture 147; industry 78; services 55

GDP - composition, by end use

Agricultural products

Industries

Industrial production growth rate

comparison ranking: 124

Labor force

comparison ranking: 43

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 65

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

comparison ranking: total 124

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

comparison ranking: 83

Average household expenditures

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Remittances

Budget

Public debt

comparison ranking: 83

Taxes and other revenues

comparison ranking: 25

Current account balance

comparison ranking: 191

Exports

comparison ranking: 24

Exports - partners

Exports - commodities

Imports

comparison ranking: 21

Imports - partners

Imports - commodities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

comparison ranking: 40

Exchange rates

Energy

Electricity access

Electricity

comparison rankings: installed generating capacity 15; consumption 19; transmission/distribution losses 184

Electricity generation sources

Coal

Petroleum

Natural gas

Energy consumption per capita

comparison ranking: 16

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 26

Telephones - mobile cellular

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 48

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

comparison ranking: total 26

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

comparison ranking: 3

Heliports

comparison ranking: 11

Railways

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 37

Photos of Australia