Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
This entry measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income in a country. The index is calculated from the Lorenz curve, in which cumulative family income is plotted against the number of families arranged from the poorest to the richest. The index is the ratio of (a) the area between a country's Lorenz curve and the 45 degree helping line to (b) the entire triangular area under the 45 degree line. The more nearly equal a country's income distribution, the closer its Lorenz curve to the 45 degree line and the lower its Gini index, e.g., a Scandinavian country with an index of 25. The more unequal a country's income distribution, the farther its Lorenz curve from the 45 degree line and the higher its Gini index, e.g., a Sub-Saharan country with an index of 50. If income were distributed with perfect equality, the Lorenz curve would coincide with the 45 degree line and the index would be zero; if income were distributed with perfect inequality, the Lorenz curve would coincide with the horizontal axis and the right vertical axis and the index would be 100.
Afghanistan
29.4 (2008)Albania
29.4 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Algeria
27.6 (2011 est.)Angola
51.3 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Argentina
42 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Armenia
27.9 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Australia
34.3 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Austria
29.8 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Azerbaijan
33.7 (2008)Bangladesh
31.8 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Belarus
24.4 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Belgium
26 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Benin
37.9 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Bhutan
28.5 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Bolivia
40.9 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Bosnia and Herzegovina
33 (2011 est.)Botswana
53.3 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Brazil
52.9 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Bulgaria
40.5 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Burkina Faso
43 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Burma
30.7 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Burundi
38.6 (2013 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Cabo Verde
42.4 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Cambodia
37.9 (2008 est.)Cameroon
46.6 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Canada
31.7 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Central African Republic
43 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Chad
37.5 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Chile
44.9 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
China
37.1 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Colombia
51.5 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Comoros
45.3 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
42.1 (2012 est.)Congo, Republic of the
48.9 (2011 est.)Costa Rica
47.2 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Cote d'Ivoire
37.2 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Croatia
29.5 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Cyprus
31.7 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Czechia
26.2 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Denmark
27.5 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Djibouti
41.6 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Dominican Republic
38.5 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Ecuador
45.5 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Egypt
31.9 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
El Salvador
38.8 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Estonia
30.7 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Eswatini
54.6 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Ethiopia
35 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
European Union
30.8 (2016 est.)Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
36 (2015)Faroe Islands
22.7 (2013 est.)Fiji
30.7 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Finland
27.1 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
France
30.7 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gabon
38 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gambia, The
38.8 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gaza Strip
33.7 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality; entry includes West Bank and Gaza Strip
Georgia
34.2 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Germany
31.7 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Ghana
43.5 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Greece
33.6 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Greenland
33.9 (2015 est.)Guatemala
48.3 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Guinea
29.6 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Guinea-Bissau
34.8 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Guyana
44.6 (2007 est.)Haiti
41.1 (2012 est.)Honduras
48.2 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Hong Kong
53.9 (2016 est.)Hungary
29.7 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Iceland
26.1 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
India
34.2 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Indonesia
37.9 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Iran
40.9 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Iraq
29.5 (2012 est.)Ireland
29.2 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Israel
38.6 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Italy
35.2 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Jamaica
35 (2016 est.)Japan
32.9 (2013 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Jersey
0.3 (2014 est.)Jordan
33.7 (2010 est.)Kazakhstan
27.8 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Kenya
38.7 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Kiribati
27.8 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Korea, South
31.4 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Kosovo
29 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Kyrgyzstan
29 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Laos
38.8 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Latvia
35.7 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Lebanon
31.8 (2011 est.)Lesotho
44.9 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Liberia
35.3 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Lithuania
36 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Luxembourg
33.4 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Macau
35 (2013 est.)Madagascar
42.6 (2012 est.)Malawi
38.5 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Malaysia
41.2 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Maldives
29.3 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Mali
36 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Malta
31.4 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Marshall Islands
35.5 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Mauritania
32.6 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Mauritius
36.8 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Mexico
45.4 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Micronesia, Federated States of
40.1 (2013 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Moldova
25.7 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Mongolia
32.7 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Montenegro
36.8 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Morocco
39.5 (2013 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Mozambique
50.5 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Namibia
59.1 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Nauru
34.8 (2012 est.)Nepal
32.8 (2010 est.)Netherlands
26 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
New Zealand
36.2 (1997)Nicaragua
46.2 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Niger
37.3 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Nigeria
35.1 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
North Macedonia
33.5 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Norway
27.7 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Pakistan
29.6 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Panama
50.9 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Papua New Guinea
41.9 (2009 est.)Paraguay
45.1 (2022 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Peru
40.2 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Philippines
40.7 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Poland
28.8 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Portugal
34.7 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Qatar
41.1 (2007 est.)Romania
34.6 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Russia
36 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Rwanda
43.7 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Saint Lucia
51.2 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Samoa
38.7 (2013 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Sao Tome and Principe
40.7 (2017 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Saudi Arabia
45.9 (2013 est.)Senegal
38.3 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Serbia
35 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Seychelles
32.1 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Sierra Leone
35.7 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Singapore
45.9 (2017)Slovakia
23.2 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Slovenia
24 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Solomon Islands
37.1 (2013 est.)Somalia
36.8 (2017 est.)South Africa
63 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
South Sudan
44.1 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Spain
34.9 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Sri Lanka
37.7 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Sudan
34.2 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Sweden
28.9 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Switzerland
33.1 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Taiwan
33.6 (2014)Tajikistan
34 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Tanzania
40.5 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Thailand
35.1 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Timor-Leste
28.7 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Togo
42.5 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Tonga
33.5 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Tunisia
32.8 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Turkey (Turkiye)
41.9 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Turkmenistan
40.8 (1998 est.)Tuvalu
39.1 (2010 est.)Uganda
42.7 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Ukraine
25.6 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
United Arab Emirates
26 (2018 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
United Kingdom
32.6 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
United States
39.8 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Uruguay
40.8 (2021 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Uzbekistan
36.8 (2003 est.)Vanuatu
32.3 (2019 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Venezuela
39 (2011 est.)Vietnam
36.8 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
West Bank
33.7 (2016 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality; entry includes West Bank and Gaza Strip
World
37.9 (2012 est.)Yemen
36.7 (2014 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Zambia
55.9 (2015 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Zimbabwe
50.3 (2020 est.)note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality