<style type="text/css"> .no-show { display: none; } .disable-fade-in{ opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; visibility: visible !important; } </style>
Skip to main content
Go to CIA.gov
Explore All Countries

Turkey (Turkiye)

Middle East

Photos of Turkey (Turkiye)

view 28 photos
The Hagia Sofia (Church of the Holy Wisdom) in Istanbul, Turkey, is a former Christian Greek Orthodox cathedral that became an Ottoman imperial mosque and is now a museum. Completed in A.D. 537, it was the world's largest building and an engineering marvel of its time, renowned for its vast dome.
Country Flag

View Details

Arrow Right Icon
Country Map

View Details

Arrow Right Icon
World Factbook Glyph
Special Country Products

Country Factsheet

Arrow Right Icon

Travel Facts

Arrow Right Icon
Locator Map

View Details

Arrow Right Icon
Contents

Introduction

Tip
World Factbook Glyph

Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Definitions and Notes
Arrow Right Icon

Geography

Area

comparison ranking: total 38

Area - comparative

Area comparison map:
<p>slightly larger than Texas</p>

People and Society

Languages

Turkish audio sample:
Kurdish audio sample:

Age structure

2024 population pyramid:
This is the population pyramid for Turkey. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. <br/><br/>For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.

Median age

comparison ranking: total 108

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 139

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 122

Death rate

comparison ranking: 151

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 156

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 135

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 83

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 119

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 21

Environment

Government

Economy

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 109

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 68

Labor force

comparison ranking: 18

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 138

Public debt

comparison ranking: 161

Taxes and other revenues

comparison ranking: 60

Current account balance

comparison ranking: 182

Exports

comparison ranking: 26

Imports

comparison ranking: 25

Debt - external

comparison ranking: 6

Energy

Communications

Transportation

Airports

comparison ranking: 46

Heliports

comparison ranking: 13

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 22

Military and Security

Space

Terrorism

Transnational Issues

Contents