Iran

Introduction

Background

Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

Definitions and Notes

Geography

Location

Geographic coordinates

Map references

Area

comparison ranking: total 19

Area - comparative

Area comparison map:

<p>almost 2.5 times the size of Texas; slightly smaller than Alaska</p>

Land boundaries

Coastline

Maritime claims

Climate

Terrain

Elevation

Natural resources

Land use

Irrigated land

Major lakes (area sq km)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Population distribution

Natural hazards

Geography - note

People and Society

Population

comparison rankings: total 17; male 17; female 17

Nationality

Ethnic groups

Languages

Persian audio sample:

Religions

Age structure

2024 population pyramid:

This is the population pyramid for Iran. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. <br/><br/>For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page.

Dependency ratios

Median age

comparison ranking: total 110

Population growth rate

comparison ranking: 104

Birth rate

comparison ranking: 119

Death rate

comparison ranking: 187

Net migration rate

comparison ranking: 113

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas - population

Sex ratio

Maternal mortality ratio

comparison ranking: 134

Infant mortality rate

comparison ranking: total 97

Life expectancy at birth

comparison ranking: total population 125

Total fertility rate

comparison ranking: 117

Gross reproduction rate

Drinking water source

Health expenditure

Physician density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

comparison ranking: 47

Alcohol consumption per capita

comparison ranking: total 181

Tobacco use

comparison ranking: total 108

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

comparison ranking: 69

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

Education expenditure

comparison ranking: Education expenditure (% GDP) 162

Literacy

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Environment

Environmental issues

International environmental agreements

Climate

Land use

Urbanization

Carbon dioxide emissions

comparison ranking: total emissions 7

Particulate matter emissions

Methane emissions

Waste and recycling

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Geoparks

Government

Country name

Government type

Capital

Administrative divisions

Legal system

Constitution

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

Executive branch

Legislative branch

Judicial branch

Political parties

Diplomatic representation in the US

Diplomatic representation from the US

International organization participation

Independence

National holiday

Flag

National symbol(s)

National color(s)

National anthem(s)

National heritage

Economy

Economic overview

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

comparison ranking: 23

Real GDP growth rate

comparison ranking: 117

Real GDP per capita

comparison ranking: 120

GDP (official exchange rate)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

comparison ranking: 200

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

comparison rankings: agriculture 61; industry 33; services 159

GDP - composition, by end use

Agricultural products

Industries

Industrial production growth rate

comparison ranking: 87

Labor force

comparison ranking: 24

Unemployment rate

comparison ranking: 144

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

comparison ranking: total 43

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

comparison ranking: 67

Average household expenditures

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Remittances

Budget

Public debt

comparison ranking: 134

Exports

comparison ranking: 49

Exports - partners

Exports - commodities

Imports

comparison ranking: 46

Imports - partners

Imports - commodities

Debt - external

comparison ranking: 60

Exchange rates

Energy

Electricity access

Electricity

comparison rankings: installed generating capacity 18; consumption 13; exports 39; imports 58; transmission/distribution losses 201

Electricity generation sources

Nuclear energy

Coal

Petroleum

Natural gas

Energy consumption per capita

comparison ranking: 23

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 6

Telephones - mobile cellular

comparison ranking: total subscriptions 11

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

comparison ranking: total 23

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

comparison ranking: 33

Heliports

comparison ranking: 27

Railways

Merchant marine

comparison ranking: total 24

Photos of Iran